Thomas Pynchon Wiki - User contributions [en]

S

2012-06-27T18:04:58Z

Gruff: added datum re: sandoz

<div id="sachsa">'''Sachsa, Peter'''</div>
31; the "control" in Psi Section; lover of Leni Pökler, 147; medium at Rathenau seance, 163-65; killed in communist street action in 1930 in Neukölln (Berlin) by Schutzmann Jöche, a Nazi cop, 152; as Zaxa, 218; 219-20; 590; [[Peter Sachsa|Etymological Musings]]

[[Sado-Masochism|'''SADOMASOCHISM (S/M)''']]

<div id="basher"></div>'''St. Blaise, Group Capt. "Basher"''' 
146; sees angel of death during RAF Lübeck strike, 151; [["Basher" St. Blaise|Etymological Musings]]; See also [[C#church|Church of St. Blasius]]

'''St. Elmo's fire''' 
The glow accompanying the brushlike discharges of atmospheric electricity that usually appears during stormy weather as a tip of light on the extremities of such pointed objects as church towers or the masts of ships; "will be seen spurting at moments from crossends" on the Anubis, 491

'''St. Felix''' 
37; "the clock of" in London

'''St. John's Wood''' 
544; an exclusive district in West London, where the Mossmoons live

'''Saint Pauli''' 
the English translation for "Sankt Pauli," which is the main red-light district in Hamburg/Germany. It's known for its sex-bars and its fusion of pimps, prostitutes and working-class inhabitants. St. Pauli is famous for the atmosphere that the harbour of Hamburg brings into the district. Sailors, seaman and other stranded creatures are walking over the Reeperbahn (St. Pauli's main street). The Star-Club, where the Beatles paid their dues before becoming hugely famous, is in St. Pauli; 525

'''St. Veronica's Hospital''' 
46; of the True Image for Colonic and Respiratory Diseases; St. Veronica wiped Christ's forehead with her veil while he carried the cross; St. Veronica Papers, 688

'''St.-Just Grossout''' 
540; blackman worked for Firm infiltrating Schwarzkommando (aka "Sam Juiced")

<div id="salitieri">'''Salitieri, Poore, Nash, De Brutus and Short'''</div>
591; [a pun on Thomas Hobbes' (1588-1679) description, in Leviathan (1651), of the life of the members of the commonwealth in the absence of an all-powerful sovereign: "No arts; no letters; no society; and which is worst of all, continual feare and danger of violent death; and the life of Man, solitary, poore, nasty, brutish, and short."]; Lyle Bland's lawyers, 591; pallbearers at Lyle Bland's funeral, 652; Recall the law firm representing Pierce Inverarity in [http://cl49.pynchonwiki.com/wiki/index.php?title=Chapter_1#warpe ''The Crying of Lot 49'']: Warpe, Wistfull, Kubitschek and McMingus.

'''Sandhurst''' 
202; a military academy, the British equivalent to West Point in the U.S

'''Sandoz''' 
250; Swiss chemical company which joined Geigy and Ciba in a cartel, in the early '20s; Hoffman was working for Sandoz when he synthesized LSD; Schweitar worked there, 260;

'''Sandra''' 
685; has "run away from the Kleinburgerstrasse" and staying at Der Platz

'''Sandra''' 
606; acquaintance of Manuela's at Putzi's

'''Sandys, Duncan''' 
Sandys, who was married to Churchill's daughter Diana, was Under-secretary of the Ministry of Supply in Britain during WWII. He was appointed by Churchill to investigate the rumored German experiments with secret weapons, which investigation led to the discovery of the rocket facilities at Peenemünde; "the P.M.'s son-in-law" who works out of the Ministry of Supply at Shell Mex House, 228; "Churchill's own son-in-law" 251

'''Sanktwolke, Edouard''' 
385; German: "Saint Cloud"; "veteran automotive jobber" who supplied transportation for von Göll's and Waxwing's "travelling business conference"

'''Santora''' 
744; family in Mingeborough, MA

'''Sargasso Sea''' 
Area of the North Atlantic Ocean, elliptical in shape and relatively still, that is strewn with free-floating seaweed of the genus Sargassum. Encompassing the Bermuda Islands, a combination of ecological and biological conditions result in a dirth of plankton (a fish staple), creating a biological desert. Early navigators had the (unfounded) fear of becoming entangled within the mass of seaweed and unable to escape; "the sun-resorts of Sargasso where the bones come up to lie and bleach and mock the passing ships" 564;

'''Sargner''' 
152; "a civilian attached to the General Staff" who is keyed on by Wimpe at séance

'''Sarnaki''' 
424; target area for A-4, near Blizna, Poland

'''Sarts''' 
340; Central Asian people

'''Sassoon, Lt. Siegfried Lorraine (1886-1967)''' 
79; English poet and novelist whose experiences in World War I made him fiercely anti-war and he wrote numerous works which reflected this hatred, including Counterattack (1918) and Satirical Poems (1926)

'''sastrugi''' 
420; Sastrugi are smooth, gently rolling snowfields, often covered with wind-drifted formations, on the interior of the Greenland ice sheet which is second in area only to the Antarctic ice sheet. It extends about 1,570 miles from north to south and has a maximum width of some 600 miles and an average thickness of about 5,800 feet.

'''Saturday Evening Post''' 
435; American weekly magazine the covers of which often had Norman Rockwell illustrations

'''Saville Row''' 
526; swank shopping district in London

'''Scammony, Sir Marcus (aka Angelique)''' 
615; drinking with Clive Mossmoon at "their club"

'''Schacht, Hjalmar (1877-1970)''' 
According to Sasuly, Schacht was head of the Reichsbank in the 1920s and 40s and was a key player in manipulating the German inflation of that time, while blaming it on "reparations and an unfavorable balance of payments." (p.47); his "many bookkeeping dodges to keep official records clear of any hint of weapons procurement banned under the terms of Versailles." 285

'''Schadenfreude''' 
526; German: "joy at another's misfortune"; described but not named, 36; 745

'''Scheveningen''' 
97; coastal town in Holland, just north of The Hague [MAP]; 102; 104; 105; 535

'''Schicksal''' 
416; German: "fate, destiny" (misspelled "Shicksal" in earlier editions)

'''Schiller, Professor''' 
224; Slothrop studying his book on regenerative cooling

'''Schilling''' 
527; "[Närrisch] worked in guidance, he was Schilling's best man"

'''Schlabone, Gustav''' 
366; composer buddy (and "unwelcome doping partner" 711) of Säure Bummer; 621; 2nd violin at Krupp affair (aka "Captain Horror"), 711; at Der Platz, 745

'''Schleim, Josef''' 
630; "a defector of secondary brilliance, who had once worked for the IG out of Dr. Reithinger's office, VOWI"; 631;

'''Schlepzig, Max''' 
Franz Pökler putting up handbills for a movie starring, 165; name on Slothrop's pass to get into Potsdam Conference, 377; actor in von Göll films who whipped Erdmann ("the Reich's Sweethearts"), 395; 439; 461

'''Schmeil''' 
518; engineer at Peenemünde

'''Schmitz, Carl''' 
565; "'Didn't Schmitz of the IG sit on Siemens's board of directors?'" 565;

'''Schnorp''' 
332-36; Geli's friend who gives Slothrop balloon ride to Berlin

'''Schokoladestrasse''' 
646; German: "Chocolate Street"; in Happyville

'''Schraub''' 
568; German: "screw"; "the shoemaker" whose played Plechazunga "for the past 30 years"

'''Schumann of Düsseldorf''' 
702; "army surgeons and dentists [...] will pick out [of Tchitcherine's body] what has entered it by violence with an electromagnetic device bought between the wars from"

'''Schußstelle 3''' 
95; German: "firing site"; in Holland on the North Sea coast, near The Hague; moved, 104; the allies were after it, 105; "why did [Katje] leave?" 107; See also Lüneburg Heath

'''Schwindel operative''' 
286;

'''''schwarz''''' 
German: literally 'black', but also 'secret' and/or 'illicit' as in 'Secret Service' or 'black market'; see ''Schwarzgerät'' and ''Schwarzkommando'' below

<div id="schwartzgerat">'''''Schwarzgerät'''''</div>
252;"S-Gerät, 11/00000." 252;"Document SG-1" 252;"the one rocket out of 6000 that carried the Imipolex G device" 292; for sale for .5M francs by guy in Swinemünde who waits on Strand-Promenade until noon daily, 294; "The Schwartzgerät is no Grail" 364; "They want the Schwarzgerät." 455;"'F-Gerät, you sure of that?'" 487 details, 517; mandala (KEZVH), 560, 563;"'. . . that was the name of the German who commanded the battery that used the S-Gerät?'" 562;; 611; firing on Lüneburg Heath, 667; 706; "00001, the second in its series" 724; 00001, 728; "SG-1" 736; "the assembly of the 00001 is occurring also in a geographical way, a Diaspora running backwards" 737; as womb, 750; See also Rocket

'''''Schwarzkommando''''' 
74-75; German: "blackcommand"; black rocket troops; credibillity of, 92; 112;found out about a week before V.E. Day 276; Slothrop runs into two dozen on train to Nordhausen, 286; Hitler's failed plan to create Nazi empire in black Africa, training troops in Südwest, 287; "They have a plan. . .I think it's rockets" 288; "we're DPs like everybody else" 288; Herero rocket troops assembling a rocket for one last stand, 326; "it is their time, their space" 326; their mandala is the five positions of the launching switch for A4, 361; digging up A4 in Berlin, 361; "mba-kayere" (I am passed over), 362; why they seek the Rocket, 362, 563; growing away from SS and their power becoming information and expertise, 427; in their own space, 519; Herero village arranged like a mandala, 563; must be stopped before they fire the Rocket, 565; "they have their rocket all assembled at last" 673; the trek to the firing site of the 00001, 726; 12 children at a "children's resort" (Zwölfkinder means "12 children" in German--GET IT?), 725

'''Schweitar, Mario''' 
260, 268; troubleshooter around the Cartel; worked for Sandoz

'''Schwindel''' 
286; German: "fraud" "trick", also "dizziness"; "code name for Hugo Stinnes"

[[Science, Physics, Math &c.|'''SCIENCE, PHYSICS, MATH &c.''']] 
See also [[D#delta-t|delta-t]]; [[P#poisson|Poisson Distribution]]

'''screen door salesman''' 
447; "dumb and easygoing" husband of woman in Slothrop's dream in three parts; 665, "Minnie Calkins (Chapter 1.793) got married Easter Sunday to a screen-door salesman from California. Sorry to say he's not eligible for Membership - at least not yet. But with all those screen doors around, we'll sure keep our fingers crossed!"

'''scrip''' 
105; temporary paper currency issued during emergencies/special circumstances

'''Scrubs''' 
Wormwood Scrubs Prison, in London; "I'll see you two in the Scrubs if it kills me!" 717

'''Scuffling, Ian''' 
256; Pseudonym given to T. Slothrop by Waxwing in Nice; See also Slothrop, Tyrone

'''Scylla and Charybdis''' 
239; In Greek legend, Scylla was a monster with twelve feet and six heads each with three rows of teeth who lived on the rock of Scylla on the Italian side of the Straits of Messina which are between Italy and Sicily. Charybdis, who was a monster, the whirlpool she formed and the rock cliff under which she lived, faced Scylla on the other side of the Straits. Such a situation made passage through the Straits a very dodgy proposition for sailors.

'''SD''' 
431; German: Sicherheitsdienst = police-duty; The Nazi Party's intelligence and security body. Created by Himmler, it operated in foreign countries, creating instability and attempting to foment revolution.

'''séance''' 
29-30; 4-way entente: medium; control; spirit; survivor; Feldspath, 30; Overbaby, 152; "a visitation by the dead" 153; Rathenau, 163-67; at The Castle with Blicero, 487; "other fourfold expressions" 624; "sensitive flames" 715; Brigadier Pudding, 715

'''Second Empire''' 
The Second Empire (1852-70) of Napoleon III; 675

'''Section 8''' 
114; a category of discharge from the United States military for reason of being mentally unfit for service; 182

'''Seele''' 
654; German: "soul, spirit"; "as the core of the earlier carbon filament was known in Germany"

[[Self-reference in Gravity's Rainbow|'''SELF-REFERENCE''']]

'''Semirechie''' 
611; province in Kazakhstan, in the Soviet Union

'''Semyavin''' 
258; local Waxwing rep in Zürich?; 261

'''1 September''' 
479; On September 1, 1939, the German Army invaded Poland, thus "initiating" WWII

[[Serpents/Snakes References|'''SERPENT/SNAKE''']] 
See also [[#snake|Snake]]

'''SEZ WHO''' 
270; Slothropian Episodic Zone, Weekly Historical Observations

'''Seven Rivers country''' 
338; where Tchitcherine was stationed, "in a remote 'bear's corner'"

'''sfacim-a''' 
299; sfacim: from "sfaciàre" = to dismantle''' 
Tony Assenza graciously supplied the following regarding "sfacim":''' 
Having been called a "sfacim" by my uncles and other relatives more than a few times in my life, I believe your reference might require more elaboration. In its original form, "sfacim" is Neapolitan slang for semen — equivalent to US slang such as spunk or gism. However, it's also widely used as a term of endearment, as in "Hey, sfacim. Come over here and give your grandmother a kiss before I break your face." The closest US slang term would be "spunky." It's a term that someone living on Long Island or Upstate New York would probably hear a lot in Italian-American neighborhoods. One would pronounce it "SFA CHEEM."

''''s Gravenhage''' 
209; aka The Hague;

'''shadows''' 
316; God-shadows, 330; 332; 333; 336; 342; 359; 363; 397; 405; darkness at the edges of things, 446; 458; 482; 500; 510; 524; 536; 539; 543; 561; Pointsman's corner, 633; Slothrop as "shadow-child" 677; stars as shadows of the creator's bones and ducts, 699; "sound-shadow" (when the roaring of the sun stops), 695, 711; 740; 749; 760

'''SHAEF''' 
17; Supreme Headquarters, Allied Expeditionary Force; 74; 76; 121; 210; 244; 287

'''Shatsk''' 
352; nose-fetishist in Weird Letter Assignments; Shatsk is a town in the Volynskaja oblast [political subdivision], in the Ukraine.

'''Shays''' 
Shays's Rebellion (August 1786-February 1787) was an uprising in western Massachusetts in opposition to high taxes and harsh economic conditions. Led by Daniel Shays (1747-1825), the rebellion was decisively defeated on February 4, but it did result in the passage of laws easing the economic condition of debtors; "fought the federal troops across Massachusetts" 268

'''Shearer, Norma (1900-83)''' 
690; Hollywood actress who played sophisticated roles, and the wife of producer Irving Thalberg; "Your closet could make Norma Shearer's look like the wastebasket in Gimbel's basement."

'''Sheila''' 
449; Steve's (GE employee on the Toiletship) fiancée

'''Shekhinah''' 
479: Hebrew: "(female) neighbor"

'''Shell Mex House''' 
Shell Mex House, built 1930-31 is situated at number 80, Strand, London. It was for many years the London headquarters of Shell-Mex and BP Ltd for whom it was originally built. During WWII the building became home to the Ministry of Supply which co-ordinated supply of equipment to the national armed forces. It was also the home of the "Petroleum Board" which handled the distribution and rationing of petroleum products during the war. 251; "Where all the rocket intelligence is being gathered"; 272

'''Shell Oil''' 
Dutch Shell, 240-41, 251; 1939 agreement with ICI, 250; Shell Mex House, 251; "The representative from Shell Mex House, Mr. Dennis Joint" 272; "frantic about Slothrop's disappearance" 272; "after the [Russian] revolution, when the emissaries from Dutch Shell were asked to leave" 354

'''Shetzline''' 
389; "classic study" of the time-modulation properties of Oneirine

'''Shirley''' 
599; pretty girl driving the Red Cross Clubmobile that is hijacked

'''Short, Coolidge ("Hot")''' 
591; "of the State Street law firm of Salitieri, Poore, Nash, De Brutus, and Short" and a friend of Lyle Bland's

'''Shufflin' Sam''' 
558; "the game of skill where you have to shoot the Negro before he gets back over the fence with the watermelon"

'''Sidney's Great Yellow Grille''' 
65; recalled by Slothrop during Sodium Amytal session

'''Siege Perilous''' 
According to Arthurian legend, the Round Table was reserved for only the most valiant knights, while the Siege Perilous was left waiting for the coming of Galahad, the pure knight who would achieve the quest of the Grail (the vessel from which Christ drank at the Last Supper) and bring the marvels of Arthur's kingdom to a close; "jokers around the table be sneaking Whoopee Cushions into the" 321

'''Siemens-Schuchert''' 
"the horizontal electrical trust of Siemens-Schuchert" 284; "Siemens milliammeters set on slate surfaces" 518; "GE has connections with Siemens over here" 565; "Didn't Närrisch, under the drug, mention a Siemens representative at the S-Gerät meetings in Nordhausen? [...] Didn't Carl Schmitz of the IG sit on Siemens's board of directors?" 565; "Russia bought from Krupp, didn't she, from Siemens, the IG...." 566; "a contract the Bland Institute landed a few years ago and subbed part of out to Siemens over there in Germany" 583; "Fibel worked for Siemens back when it was still part of the Stinnes trust [...] he also put in some time as a Stinnes intelligence agent." 587; "an ingenious Osmo-elektrische Schalterwerke, developed by Siemens" 646; "clever Siemens Electric Baby Bulb Pacifiers" 647;"bright here as the morning shift at Siemens with the centaurs struggling high on the wall" 725; See also Siemens, Wernher; Stinnes; [[Sasuly's ''IG Farben'']]; Siemens AG Homepage!

'''Siemens, Wernher (d. 1892)''' 
649; German electrical engineer; one of the discoverers of the self-acting dynamo; See also Siemens-Schuchert

'''Siggi''' 
157; old friend of Leni's, known as "the Troll"

'''Sigmund''' 
457; with Greta Erdmann, 474-78; 480

'''Silberschlag, Frau''' 
165; German: "silver shock or blow"; next door neighbor of Leni and Franz Pökler's who delivers Leni's "last message" to Franz

'''Silvernail, Webley''' 
79; works in ARF wing at White Visitation; audiovisual guy; shows Katje film to Grigori, 113; in rat production number, 229; named "Twelfth House" 274; 533; 620

'''Simpson, Mrs. Bessie Wallis Warfield Spencer (1896-1986)''' 
177; An American who married Prince Edward, Duke of Windsor, formerly King Edward VIII. Edward abdicated the throne in order to marry this twice-divorced commoner.

'''Skinner, Burrhus Frederic (1904-1990)''' 
American psychologist and a persistent proponent of Behaviorism, expanding on the ideas of John Watson who advocated the study of behavior as the only way to provide psychology with a scientific basis. Skinner died of leukemia on August 18, 1990; 77

[[image:skippy.gif|106px|left]]'''Skippy''' 
644-45; and Mr. Information; [[Skippy|Etymological Musings]]; [http://www.skippy.com/ Skippy's Home Page]

'''Slothrop, Broderick''' 
285; Tyrone's father; aka "Schwarzvater" (Jamf), 286; hated FDR, 373; Tyrone's dream about, 392; sold experimental rights to Tyrone to Jamf for $5000 for Harvard education, 444; Paternal Peril "a murderin' fool" 674; 677; 682

'''Slothrop, Constant (d. 1766)''' 
26; ancestor of Tyrone; tombstone depicts Hand of God coming out of a cloud

'''Slothrop, Mrs. Elizabeth''' 
27; wife of Isaiah

'''Slothrop, Frederick (d. 1933)''' 
27; Tyrone's grandfather

'''Slothrop, Hogan''' 
29; Tyrone's brother; his Hawaiian shirt, 184, 201; 266; 304; "in love with Chiquita Banana" 678; 682; 744

'''Slothrop, Hogan Jr.''' 
744; son of Hogan Slothrop; [From Pynchon's short story "The Secret Integration" in Slow Learner:"the doctor's kid, who at the age of eight had taken to serious after-bedtime beer-drinking and at the age of nine got religion, swore off beer and joined the Alcoholics Anonymous, a step his father, who was what is know as permissive, gave his blessing" (p.151)]

'''Slothrop, Lt. Isaiah (d. 1812)''' 
27; ancestor of Tyrone

'''Slothrop, John''' 
555; son of William Slothrop, who helped his dad get the "pig operation" going

'''Slothrop, Nalline''' 
18; Tyrone's mother; 116; 360; "always happy to see young people getting together" 499; 674; letter to Joe Kennedy, 682-83; 712

'''SLOTHROP, Lt. Tyrone''' 
[[Tyrone Slothrop|Etymological Musings]]; See also Slothrop's girls/stars;

[[Slothrop's Tarot|'''SLOTHROP'S TAROT''']]

'''Slothrop's girls/stars''' 
Delores, 19; Alice, 19; Gladys, 19; Lorraine and Judy, 19; Darlene, 19, 271; Katherine, 19; Shirley, 19; "a couple of Sallys" 19; "Carolines, Marias, Annes, Susans, Elizabeths" 19; "Gloria and her nubile mother" 19; Marjorie, 22, 25, 744; Norma, 22, 25; Allison, 23; Irene, 23; Jennifer, 23, 271; Cynthia, 26; "'What about the girls??'" 91; Madelyn, 252; Jenny's ghost, 255-56; Angela, 271; Lucy, 271; Jenny, Sally W., Cybele, Catherine, Gretchen, 271

'''Slothrop, Variable''' 
27; son of Constant

'''Slothrop, William''' 
21; Tyrone's first American ancestor; 27; 364; came to US in 1630 on Arabella, 554; On Preterition - published in England, burned in Boston, 555 [http://www.hyperarts.com/pynchon/bookstore.html Available in the HyperArts BookShop - Really! sort of...]; returned to England and died there missing USA, 556; his hymn, 760; [[William Slothrop|The "Real" William Slothrop/Pynchon]]

'''Slug''' 
229; rat who got "fried" the first time he fucked up running the maze

'''Smaragd, Generaldirektor''' 
164-66; (German: "Emerald"); Nazi with IG Farben; "from Leverkusen. An elderly man who used a cane, a notorious spiritualist before the War" 486

'''smegma''' 
"layers, over a base of bureaucratic smegma" 18; "Tchitcherine has found it necessary to abandon his smegma-gathering stake-out on the Argentine anarchists" 700;

'''Smile, Murray''' 
255; appears in Slothrop's dream as "next to you in basic, company 84"; Etymology: Murray Wilson was Brian Wilson's father; Tom hung out with Brian during the legendary "Smile" Period [[Pynchon and Brian Wilson]]

'''Smithfield Market''' 
Famous meat market in the old City of London. During the Reformation and the Counter-Reformation it was used as a place of execution; where Lucifer Amp "makes a spectacle of himself" every day, 542

'''Smith, Klein, 'n' French''' 
518; "Enzian, Andreas, and Christian, coming on like"

'''Smith, Sir Denis Nayland''' 
See Sir Denis Nayland-Smith

'''Snade, Mrs.''' 
169; "wrote in to the Times from Luton Hoo, Bedfrdshire" regarding Gwenhidwy's singing voice

'''Snake''' 
342-43; Tchitcherine's horse (methodically homicidal; unpredictable); Gretel's (Greta Erdmann's) co-star in Weisse Sandwuste von Neumexiko, 482

'''Snipe and Shaft''' 
9; Slothrop's and Tantivy's watering hole; 19; 21

'''Snodd, Mrs.''' 
744; in Mingeborough, MA

'''snowdrops''' 
247; Slang for GI military police in WWII; 601

'''Snoxall's''' 
32; place where seances are held; 33; 37; 238

'''Sodium Amytal''' 
61; truth serum; used on Slothrop; induces "toilet"/Kenosha Kid episode; used on von Göll, 511-14; 746

<div id="soe"></div>'''S.O.E.''' 
5; Special Operations Executive; aka the "Firm" 12; 32; Pirate "browned-off with" 270; "no one has ever left the Firm alive" 543; 620; [About]

<div id="solange"></div>'''Solange''' 
603; German: "as long as" "while" [[Q#quoad|compare etymologies with Mrs. Quoad]]; "masseuse" at Putzi's See also [[P#pokler-l|Pökler, Leni]]

'''Somerset Club''' 
28; exclusive club "no Slothrop ever made it into"

'''''Son of Frankenstein''''' 
106; The third film in Universal Studios' ''Frankenstein'' series and the last to feature Boris Karloff as the Monster as well as the first to feature Bela Lugosi as Ygor.

[[Songs/Compositions|'''SONGS/COMPOSITIONS''']]

'''Sooty''' 
174; Jessica's cat; 177

'''Sound-Shadow''' 
"the silences here are retreats of sound [...] sound draining away, down slopes of acoustic passage, to gather, someplace else, to a great surge of noise" 336-37; "a very shallow pocket of no-sound, [...] sound-energy from Outside is shut off. The roaring of the sun stops. [...] the arousing feather-point of the Sound-Shadow has touched you, enveloping you in sun-silence" 695; "this subversive use of sudden fff quieting to ppp. It's the touch of the wandering sound-shadow, the Brennschluss of the Sun." 711

'''sour stuff''' 
240; oxygen; the German word for oxygen is "Sauerstoff"

[[Spanish Translations|'''SPANISH TRANSLATIONS''']]

'''Spaniols''' 
549; Spaniards

'''Sparks''' 
732; aka Ozohande, with Enzian

'''Sparte IV''' 
630; "Slothrop surveillance being assigned to a newly created 'Sparte IV' under Vermittlungsstelle W"

'''Spectro, Dr. Kevin''' 
46; "neurologist and casual Pavlovian" at St. Veronica's; "one of the original seven owners of The Book" 47; killed in a V-2 hit on St. Veronica's, 138; 139; 140; 167

'''Speed, Harvey''' 
270; SEZ WHO Englishman hired by Pointsman to check out Slothrop's sexual conquests; See also Perdoo, Floyd; SEZ WHO

'''Speer, Albert (d. 1981)''' 
298; Architect for the Third Reich; "in charge of the New German Architecture then, and later he went on to become Minister of Munitions, and nominal chief customer for the A4"; "Albert Speer Touch" 298; Ölsch designing Nordhausen factory, 411; and Toiletship, 448; "alabaster open-air stadium with giant cement birds" 687

'''SPOG''' 
272; Special Projectiles Operations Group of which Operation Backfire is a part; 277; 391; 595; 601

'''Spontoon, Doctor''' 
591; with Dr. Muffage, out to castrate Slothrop; has a black spade on his cheek

<div id="sporri"></div>'''Spörri''' 
455; aerodynamics person on S-Gerät project; ignores Khlaetsch's cries for help, 684; [[Spörri|Etymological Musings]]

'''Spottbilligfilm AG''' 
163; German: "spottbillig" = "dirt cheap"; subsidiary of IG Farben "whose entire management are about to be purged for sending to OKW weapons procurement a design proposal for a new airborne ray which could turn whole populations [...] blind"; "from whom von Göll used to get cut rates on most of his film stock" 387;

'''SPQR''' 
135; Latin: senatus populusque Romanus = the senate and the people of Rome; also acronym for small profits, quick returns

'''S.P.R.''' 
153; Society for Psychical Research; 633;

'''Spree-Oder Canal''' 
433; in the Russian sector of Berlin, where Slothrop & Margherita stay; 457 [MAP]

<div id="springer"></div>'''Springer, Der''' 
376; German: "chess knight"; aka von Göll; the "Knight who leaps perpetually across the chessboard of the Zone"; white plastic chess knight (his symbol), 436; "white knight of the black market" 492; described, 494; aka Herr Gemütlich ("good-natured"), 496; on Sodium Amytal, 512, 514, 746; See also Göll, Gerhardt von; [[Der Springer|Etymological Musings...]]

'''Sprudelhof''' 
458; German: "Spring or Well" + "Yard" or "Palace"; main drag of Bad Karma on the Spree-Oder Canal; 476

'''Sprue, Amy''' 
329-30; Tyrone's ancestor who was a "genuine Salem Witch"

'''Squalidozzi, Francisco''' 
263; Argentine exile, paranoid about Peronists; hijacked German U-Boat in Mar de Plata; his group (incl. Graciela Portales) seeking political exile in Germany after the War; want open spaces--no fences; meets von Göll in abandoned harmonica factory, 384; "Old Squalidozzi, ploughman of the deep" 447; 613; being sought by Slothrop, 681

'''ss''' 
second sheep, 3, 555; sour smell, 3, 171; "cast-iron pulleys whose spokes are shaped like Ss" 4; saddleback sows, 5; split second 7, 199; sour stomach, 17; Selena. Selena., 30; speedy stalk, 35; 3-sigma, 40, 523, 635, 709; systematic stealth, 42; soft smell, 43, 754; separate straws, 43; stray shadow, 49; silverblue stalks, 54; silver string, 59; silver seeds, 63; smooth sinewaving, 67; silk stockings, 74, 211, 395, 410, 629; shadowy smells, 78; stronger stimulus, 79; structured stimulus, 82; spilled sand, 91; simple sorrow, 98; sugar-smears, 99; soft-wood smells, 106; snow-skin, 107; slate shadows, 108; southern stars, 109; steel snake, 109; smoky spires, 111; starving spring, 111; soap-heavy smell, 112; sunlit shops, 119; spiral stairways, 122; sour salt, 124; spider-statistician, 124; sound stimuli, 125; soap spots, 125; small stitches, 126; snow-sky, 128; steam smells, 132; seasonal swell, 132; semi-detached Sunday, 132; shiny suits, 133; snowy soot, 138; sheet steel, 139; "sibilant weave" 152; single subculture, 153; swampy suburbs, 160; Sunday strolls, 162; squeak-stockinged slavegirl, 168; slime stone, 169; scratched silver, 186; shaking Slothrop, 187; Slothrop staggering, 187; sudden shrewdness, 188; silent sea, 195; "S'd against the S of himself" 198; social sense, 206; "Old Norse rune for S" 206; study sessions, 211; slack-jawed subalterns, 212; sensitive son, 215; simultaneous stimuli, 226; ssörrender, 230; starch shirt, 232; star shell, 233; sovereign smell, 235, 736; Slothropian space, 238; sad story, 238, 285, 445, 667; self-sufficiency, 240; sour stuff (oxygen), 240; Esso, 240; stiff shirts, 243; secret service, 244; sea-steps, 245; 454: setting sun, 253, 454; striped socks, 254, saddle stitching, 254; sun-black skiers, 258; somber street, 259; senseless screaming, 263; spy-sign, 263; south sea, 266; stumbling surrender, 271; sexual sigh, 272; Slothropian stars, 272; salt sea, 273; stainless steel, 274; suspicious stare, 274; spy system, 286; sad surprise, 289; tunnels, 299; double-integral sign, 300-01; "Summe, Summe" 300; static space, 301; "Double integral is also the shape of lovers curled asleep" 302; scorched skullcap, 304; silk spill, 314; shadow states, 315; scientific speculating, 317; simple steel, 324; shining steel, 325; scarlet silk, 332; Soviet state, 349; sea story, 351; secret spaces, 354; scientist-surrogate, 361; staring sun, 372; smiling sentry, 378; suspended storm, 378; stenciled signs, 380; S-curve, 380; steel spaces, 384; sea-squirm, 389; subjective sense, 389; silver sponge, 389; soup-stock, 389; sentimental side-trip, 393; social spectrum, 402; stormy shore, 409; double-summing, 411; second shadow, 424; string shadows, 436; southern slop, 442; spring-suspension, 446; sound stages, 446; stud service, 446; S-curved spokes, 450; sailors' superstitions, 450; Scatotechnic Snipes, 451; sun suits, 453; star streaks, 457; suspender straps, 466; satin straps, 469; summer spook, 472; silver stork, 486; salty snot, 492; smooth stones, 494; sweet smile, 496; sleepy summer, 505; steel smile, 512; serpentine slagheap, 520; silver stars, 530; slippery satin, 531; Sickly Smile, 534; single set, 556; smalltown space, 556; Special Services, 558, 700; Shufflin' Sam, 558; surveying stakes, 560; starch-colored sky, 564; "curving through the ogival opening" 573; silver streak, 583, 586; spherical soul, 583; State Street, 589, 591; "Yess, yess" 590; straw stomach, 596; soapy sponge, 603; "silver straw" 613; streamlined spires, 624; Slothrop surveillance, 630; ssem, 633; saffron spindles, 634; summer stillness, 639; sudden surprises, 643; sailor suits, 657; "screen-door salesman" 665; "the invisible SS" 666; straw space, 669; saucy sideways smile, 670; subdeb secretaries, 674; submarine skipper, 674; Sniveling Slothrop, 679; spirited salt, 684; Scatterbrained Suicidekicks, 691; Semlower Strasse, 692; Sound Shadow, 695, 711; Sentimental Surrealist, 696; suitable stimuli, 699; sandy streets, 700; sister ships, 715; snot soup (unter anderem), 715; still strata, 720; striving subcreation, 720; Subsequent Sin, 722; 729: silk scarf, 729; Spaceman Smile, 732; See also chess; Rossini

'''Stage Door Canteen''' 
134; During World War II, the American Theatre Wing ran New York's Stage Door Canteen for the benefit of soldiers on leave. It was frequented by many stars, some of whom graciously performed menial tasks, while others entertained the crowd. Dozens of those celebrities appear as themselves in this lavish musical about romances that blossom between canteen employees and soldiers. The film ''The Stage Door Canteen'' (1943), starring Katharine Hepburn, is set there.

<div id="stalin">'''Stalin, Joseph (1879-1953)'''</div>
Born Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili in Gori, Georgia; Stalin was expelled from the Tiflis Theological Seminary for being a Marxist. He joined the Bolsheviks and was arrested and sent to Siberia from whence he escaped in 1904. From being general secretary to the Central Committee under Lenin in 1922, he became Soviet leader in 1924 upon Lenin's death. He was a brutal dictator whose purges resulted in the deaths of millions as well as the suppression of artistic expression in Russia; "during the Stalin days, Tchitcherine was stationed in a remote 'bear's corner'" 338; "conspiracy to hit Stalin in the face with a grape chiffon pie" 353; "big chromo of" in Berlin, [[M#mustache|mustache]] 368; 373; "Even Stalin's had [doubts]" 703

'''Statue of Liberty''' 
The colossal statue on Liberty Island in the Upper Bay of New York Harbour, U.S., was a gift from France commemorating the friendship of the peoples of the U.S. and France. The statue, designed by French sculptor Frederic Auguste Barthold, is constructed of copper sheets which are assembled on a framework of steel supports designed by Eugene-Emmanuel Viollet-le-Duc and Alexandre-Gustave Eiffel. For transit to America, the figure was disassembled into 350 pieces and packed in 214 crates. Four months later, it was reassembled on Bedloe's Island (renamed Liberty Island in 1956). It was dedicated by President Cleveland on October 28,1886; 637

'''Sterling, Alan''' 
277; fiancé of Fleurette who was raised from birth to carry on the monstrous line of the emperor of the underworld, [[F#fumanchu|Fu Manchu]]; Alan Sterling, young orchid-hunter, first saw her on the little French beach and knew that he had never seen anyone more beautiful; he's also portrayed as the love-suffering young man receiving eloquent advice from Sir Denis Nayland-Smith.

'''Stettin''' 
or Szczecin in Polish; a Baltic seaport, ceded by German to Poland following WWII; 293; 408; 418;

'''Steve''' 
449-50: GE employee and Charles' "colleague" on the Toiletship; husband of Sheila

'''Stickstoff Syndikat''' 
580; Jamf "getting Weimar to subsidize the IG's";

'''Stick, Joaquin''' 
9; at Pirate's maisonette

'''Stiletto May''' 
129; character conjured by the presence of the black man in choir at the Advent service attended by Roger and Jessica

'''Stinnes, Hugo (1870-1924)''' 
A German industrialist and politician; 284; "Bland either saw the Stinnes crash coming before most of its other victims, or was just naturally nervous. Early in '23 he began to sell off his interests in the Stinnes operations." 285-86; "'Schwindel' was [Jamf's] code name for Hugo Stinnes." 286; "Stinnes, like every industrial emperor, had his own company spy system." 286; "You were meant to think of Hugo Stinnes, the tireless operator behind the scenes of apparent Inflation, apparent history: gambler, financial wizard, archgangster...a fussy bürgerlich mouth, jowls, graceless moves, a first impression of comic technocracy" 579; "Fibel worked for Siemens back when it was still part of the Stinnes trust." 587; [[Sasuly's IG Farben]]

'''Stodda''' 
406; "treatise on steam turbines" studied by Pökler at Peenemünde in '38

[[Stones|'''STONES''']]

'''Stonybloke, Will''' 
65; friend of Slothrop's who appears in toilet adventure

'''Sträggeli''' 
258; listed under "Espionage, Industrial" on the list of Zürich cafés, where Slothrop meets Mario Schweitar; 268;

'''Stralsund''' 
532; "Semlower Strasse in" 692;

'''streets''' 
692; "Semlower Strasse in Stralsund"; "Hafenstrasse in Greifswald"; "Slüterstrasse in the old part of Rostock"; "Wandfärberstrasse in Lüneburg";

'''Stresemann, Gustav (1878-1929)''' 
452; German statesman who entered the Reichtag in 1907, rose to prominance leading the National Liberal Party and eventually, for a few months in 1923, was chancellor of the new German (Weimar) Republic. He won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1926; "'They pray not only for their daily bread [he said] but also for their daily illusion'"

'''Strobe''' 
89; "Strobe's stimulus" appeared in early Viking editions of Gravity's Rainbow, but was quickly changed to "Jamf's stimulus"; apparently "Strobe" was an early working name for "Jamf"

'''Stuggles, Constable''' 
73; tried to stop LeFroyd from jumping off cliff; 74

'''Südwest''' 
99; German colony from 1892 until1915 when it was taken by South African forces during WWI. It was made a Protectorate of South-West Africa under the League of Nations; now called Namibia, it was under South African control until 1990 when it gained its independence. [MORE]; [MAP]

'''Sue, Eugene (1804-57)''' 
13; "a Eugene Sue melodrama"

:Parisian journalist, called the "king of the popular novel," one of the most widely read writers of melodramatic fiction in the 19th-century France. Sue was sponsored by Prince Eugène de Beauharnais and the empress Joséphine; he used the prince's name to form his famous pen name. Sue gained fame through the roman-feuilleton, the serial novel which gained its height in the French periodical press in the 1840's. Sue's republican and socialist views are reflected in his best-known novels, Les Mystères de Paris (1842-43), set in the Paris slums, and Le Juif errant (1844-45), published in installments for Le Constitutionnel in 1842-1843. ''' 
The above is from this [http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/esue.htm excellent online biography].

'''Suggenthal''' 
269;

'''Sundial''' 
472; cartoon character

'''surface''' 
"she fears the Change, choosing instead only trivially to revise what matters least, ornament and clothing, going no further than politic transvestism" 97; "lust in the face--the mask--of instant talion" 100; "house is outward-and-visible sign" 448;

'''sus. per coll. crowd''' 
329; In the English practice, a calendar is made out of attainted criminals, and the judge signs the calendar with their separate judgments in the margin. In the case of a capital felony. it is written opposite the prisoner's name, "let him be hanged by the neck," which, when the proceedings were in Latin, was, "suspendatur per collum," or, in the abbreviated form, "sus' per coll'."

'''Suso, Heinrich (1295-1336)''' 
129; German mystic and preacher. His composition In Dulci Jubilo is a German/Latin macaronic carol (Pynchon (mis)spells it "macronic" and (mis)dates it as "fifteenth century"); the first verse (of four), quoted in GR, can be translated as follows:

:In dulci jubilo (In sweet Joy) 
:Sing and shout all below! 
:He for whom we're pining 
:Lies in praesepio (In a manger) 
:Like the sun is shining 
:Matris in gremio. (In His mothers lap.) 
:Qui est A et O. (Who is Alpha and Omega.) 
:In Dulci Jubilo Web Page

'''Suvorov''' 
350; Rozhdestvenski's flagship on which Tchitcherine's father was a gunner

'''Swanlake, Jessica''' 
30; "young rosy girl in the uniform of an ATS private" who has wartime affair with Roger Mexico; at Snoxall's seance, 30-34; meets Mexico, 38-39; Fay Wray look, 57; girlfriend of Jeremy "Old Beaver" 121; 627; "Her future is with the World's own" 629; working for Pointsman, 631; 640; hardened toward Mexico, 708-09

<div id="nancy"></div>'''Swanlake, Nancy''' 
174-77; Jessica's sister; late husband was Keith; kids: Penelope (also p.277), Claire, Elizabeth

'''Swinemünde''' 
459: a town in NW Poland, on the island of Usedom, at the mouth of the Swina River. It is the outer port for Szczecin (Polish name for "Stettin") and a fishing center and seaside resort. First mention of the town dates from 1181. During World War II, the town was a German naval base.

'''Swope, Gerard (1872-1957)''' 
Swope, president of the General Electric Company (1922-39; 1942-44) in the United States, greatly expanded GE's line of consumer products and pioneered profit-sharing and other benefits programs for its employees. After his retirement from GE in 1939, he chaired the New York City Housing Authority until 1942; "was ace buddies with old FDR [...] one-thim Brain Trusters" 565; "Business Advisory Council set up under Swope of General Electric, whose ideas on matters of 'control' ran close to those of Walter Rathenau, of German GE" 581;

'''Sztup, Mme.''' 
463; Yiddish: "poke" or "fuck"; passenger on the Anubis

{{GR Alpha Nav}}

Pages 20-29

2010-07-19T12:47:14Z

Gruff: /* Page 28 */

{{GR PbP Text}}

==Page 20==

20.36 '''TDY''' 
Not "tour of duty," as in Weisenburger, but "temporary duty."

20.37 '''East End'''
This is the East End of London, particularly heavily bombed by the Germans in the war as London's docks were situated there. It was, and still is, the area where the poorest people of London live. Famously, Queen Elizabeth's mother made a royal visit there during the war where she was enthusiastically received.

==Page 21==

21.07 '''A lot of stuff prior to 1944 is getting blurry now.''' 
Even this early in the novel, Slothrop has problems with his "temporal bandwidth."

21.36 '''86’d''' 
While sources do agree with Weisenburger that the term "86" might originate in rhyming slang (for "nix"), they also agree that it was first used in the restaurant business to indicate menu items that were no longer available. The wider usage here may not have originated until the 1950s.

21 '''Tantivy's guest at the Junior Athenaeum''' 
According to the London Encyclopedia the Junior Athenaeum purchased Hope House at 116 Piccadilly in 1868, owning it until the building was demolished in 1936. The JA appears to have closed its doors in 1931, making this a possible anachronism. The Athenaeum Club proper is the most intellectually elite of the gentlemen's clubs; Darwin, Dickens and Trollope were members and Michael Faraday was secretary of the first committee.

==Page 22==

22.04 '''Frick Frack Club''' 
The term "frick and frack" is often used to designate two people or almost any two items closely associated with each other. The term originates from the stage names of a pair of Swiss skaters who starred in ice shows in the 1930s. Pynchon probably chose the name more for its senseless alliteration (like "Kit-Kat Club") than any specific meaning.

22 '''a build out of the chorus line at the Windmill'''; also p39 "It's not backstage at the Windmill" 
The Windmill opened in 1932 in a building which had been the Palais de Luxe Cinema and then a theatre. It featured comedy and burlesque revues. The only London theatre to remain open throughout the war, the Windmill continued until 1964 when it became a cinema, reverted to a strip club in 1973, became a theatre/restaurant in 1982 and finally re-opened as a strip club in 1986. From a recent advertisement: "The Windmill International - London's Premier Tableside Dancing Club with 75 Beautiful Dancing Girls who will perform tableside for you - full Nudity - fantastic stage and light show - Dress Smart".

==Page 23==

23.10 '''Bovril''' 
A beef extract--its main use is as a flavouring for soups, and as a drink when you put a teaspoon of the stuff in a mug of boiling water. The method for making the extract was perfected by Justus von Liebig, who co-founded the eponymous London based company.

23.19 '''Wrens''' 
Women's Royal Naval Service - British civilian support group of war effort

23.25 '''Ike jacket''' 
Eisenhower jacket--officially the M-44; a waist-cropped style jacket designed in 1943 and meant to be worn beneath the standard US field jacket, the M-43, as an added layer of insulation; supposedly made at Eisenhower's request

==Page 25==

25.06-07 '''Slothrop’s Progress . . . a parable''' 
"Slothrop’s Progress" echoes John Bunyan’s Puritan allegory ''The Pilgrim’s Progress''. The word "parable," interestingly, comes from the same root as "parabola."

Slothrop's Progress may be Time itself. Sir Arthur Eddington coined the term "time's arrow" to describe entropy's progress and time's irreversibility-- i.e. "as the universe gets older, it becomes more disordered, following the second law of thermodynamics." Entropy's progress defines time. Cf. ''Scientific American'', Jan 2008, p.26 for more.

25. 29 '''Bond Street Underground station'''
This is a station in the wealthier West End of London - also a site on the British version of 'Monopoly'

==Page 26==

26.30 '''back home in Mingeborough, Massachusetts''' 
The Berkshire town was first created by Pynchon in the short story "The Secret Integration," set in the mid-1960s. This story also introduced the Slothrop family, in the person of Hogan Slothrop, who is apparently the son of Tyrone’s brother. Minges (or "midges") are small, biting insects. However, "minge" was originally also a British slang term for a woman's pubic hair, now generalised to the female genitals.

26.33 '''British Double Summer Time''' 
Correspondent Igor Zabel explains this term:
" . . . in Britain they had, during the war, the clocks an hour ahead in the winter time and two hours in the summer time."

26.37-38 '''Death is a debt to nature due . . . so must you.''' 
Weisenburger claims that this epitaph, with its debt to "nature" rather than God, would be heretical to Puritans. That might be so, but the inscription was fairly common on tombstones in the northeast from the mid-1700s until the early 1800s, a range that includes Constant’s 1760 death.

==Page 27==

27.04 '''Variable Slothrop''' 
The son of "Constant": The two names play a mathematical pun and suggest the family’s decline as well. Both names seem to be a pun as well on the name of Puritan minister and Harvard president, the Rev. Increase Mather of Massachusetts Bay Colony and his son, Cotton Mather. Increase attempted to decrease the heat surrounding the Salem Witch Trials through a series of sermons seeking moderation in the use of spectral evidence, even though he defended the trials and the judges. Parallels: Second law of thermodynamics - heated trials cooling. Increase-Cotton-Constant-Variable -- 

27.31-33 '''They began as fur traders, cordwainers, salters and smokers of bacon, went on into glassmaking, became selectmen, builders of tanneries, quarriers of marble.''' 
[[image:berkshire.jpg|thumb|100px|right]]One source listed in Weisenburger but that he did not have time to consult closely is ''The Berkshire Hills'' <ref>''The Berkshire Hills''', Funk & Wagnalls Company, New York, 1939</ref>, a guidebook prepared for this western Massachusetts region by the Federal Writers Project during the Depression. (See Pynchon’s comments in his introduction to ''Slow Learner''.) Although not the sole source, the book provides important background for "The Secret Integration" and the Berkshire segments of ''Gravity’s Rainbow''. Most of the offices and trades listed here (except for "smokers and salters of bacon") are noted at one place or another in the guidebook. Also see my article "From the Berkshires to the Brocken: Transformations of a Source in "The Secret Integration" and Gravity’s Rainbow," [http://www.ham.muohio.edu/~krafftjm/pynchon.html Pynchon Notes] 22-23 (Spring-Fall 1988): 87-98.

==Page 28==

28.02 '''converted acres at a clip into paper''' 
A paper clip? A likely reference to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Paperclip Operation Paper Clip], the OSS program to recruit Nazi scientists to work for the US and deny them to the Russians. Von Braun was brought to the US under this program.

28.02-03 '''paper—toilet paper, banknote stock, newsprint''' 
The Berkshire Hills describes several paper mills in the region and notes the importance of the industry. One producer, Crane and Company, first used the term "bond" for high-quality paper and provided special paper for U.S. currency from 1879 on <ref>Ibid, p. 238</ref>. Another company, in the town of Lee, gave the "first practical demonstration in America of the process of manufacturing paper from wood pulp instead of rags" <ref>Ibid, p. 143</ref>.

V28.33-34 '''Harrimans and Whitneys gone''' 
The Harrimans are mentioned in passing several times in The Berkshire Hills as being among the wealthy families who spent their summers in the region. William C. Whitney, President Cleveland’s Secretary of the Navy, is specifically mentioned as the founder of a vacation colony in Lenox in 1886 <ref>Ibid, p. 224</ref>.

==Page 29==

29.04 '''Hogan''' 
Tyrone Slothrop’s brother, presumably the father of the Hogan Slothrop of "The Secret Integration," set in the Berkshires a generation later.

==References==
<references/>

{{GR PbP}}

Pages 20-29

2010-07-19T12:46:52Z

Gruff: /* Page 28 */ Added "Operation Paper Clip" reference

{{GR PbP Text}}

==Page 20==

20.36 '''TDY''' 
Not "tour of duty," as in Weisenburger, but "temporary duty."

20.37 '''East End'''
This is the East End of London, particularly heavily bombed by the Germans in the war as London's docks were situated there. It was, and still is, the area where the poorest people of London live. Famously, Queen Elizabeth's mother made a royal visit there during the war where she was enthusiastically received.

==Page 21==

21.07 '''A lot of stuff prior to 1944 is getting blurry now.''' 
Even this early in the novel, Slothrop has problems with his "temporal bandwidth."

21.36 '''86’d''' 
While sources do agree with Weisenburger that the term "86" might originate in rhyming slang (for "nix"), they also agree that it was first used in the restaurant business to indicate menu items that were no longer available. The wider usage here may not have originated until the 1950s.

21 '''Tantivy's guest at the Junior Athenaeum''' 
According to the London Encyclopedia the Junior Athenaeum purchased Hope House at 116 Piccadilly in 1868, owning it until the building was demolished in 1936. The JA appears to have closed its doors in 1931, making this a possible anachronism. The Athenaeum Club proper is the most intellectually elite of the gentlemen's clubs; Darwin, Dickens and Trollope were members and Michael Faraday was secretary of the first committee.

==Page 22==

22.04 '''Frick Frack Club''' 
The term "frick and frack" is often used to designate two people or almost any two items closely associated with each other. The term originates from the stage names of a pair of Swiss skaters who starred in ice shows in the 1930s. Pynchon probably chose the name more for its senseless alliteration (like "Kit-Kat Club") than any specific meaning.

22 '''a build out of the chorus line at the Windmill'''; also p39 "It's not backstage at the Windmill" 
The Windmill opened in 1932 in a building which had been the Palais de Luxe Cinema and then a theatre. It featured comedy and burlesque revues. The only London theatre to remain open throughout the war, the Windmill continued until 1964 when it became a cinema, reverted to a strip club in 1973, became a theatre/restaurant in 1982 and finally re-opened as a strip club in 1986. From a recent advertisement: "The Windmill International - London's Premier Tableside Dancing Club with 75 Beautiful Dancing Girls who will perform tableside for you - full Nudity - fantastic stage and light show - Dress Smart".

==Page 23==

23.10 '''Bovril''' 
A beef extract--its main use is as a flavouring for soups, and as a drink when you put a teaspoon of the stuff in a mug of boiling water. The method for making the extract was perfected by Justus von Liebig, who co-founded the eponymous London based company.

23.19 '''Wrens''' 
Women's Royal Naval Service - British civilian support group of war effort

23.25 '''Ike jacket''' 
Eisenhower jacket--officially the M-44; a waist-cropped style jacket designed in 1943 and meant to be worn beneath the standard US field jacket, the M-43, as an added layer of insulation; supposedly made at Eisenhower's request

==Page 25==

25.06-07 '''Slothrop’s Progress . . . a parable''' 
"Slothrop’s Progress" echoes John Bunyan’s Puritan allegory ''The Pilgrim’s Progress''. The word "parable," interestingly, comes from the same root as "parabola."

Slothrop's Progress may be Time itself. Sir Arthur Eddington coined the term "time's arrow" to describe entropy's progress and time's irreversibility-- i.e. "as the universe gets older, it becomes more disordered, following the second law of thermodynamics." Entropy's progress defines time. Cf. ''Scientific American'', Jan 2008, p.26 for more.

25. 29 '''Bond Street Underground station'''
This is a station in the wealthier West End of London - also a site on the British version of 'Monopoly'

==Page 26==

26.30 '''back home in Mingeborough, Massachusetts''' 
The Berkshire town was first created by Pynchon in the short story "The Secret Integration," set in the mid-1960s. This story also introduced the Slothrop family, in the person of Hogan Slothrop, who is apparently the son of Tyrone’s brother. Minges (or "midges") are small, biting insects. However, "minge" was originally also a British slang term for a woman's pubic hair, now generalised to the female genitals.

26.33 '''British Double Summer Time''' 
Correspondent Igor Zabel explains this term:
" . . . in Britain they had, during the war, the clocks an hour ahead in the winter time and two hours in the summer time."

26.37-38 '''Death is a debt to nature due . . . so must you.''' 
Weisenburger claims that this epitaph, with its debt to "nature" rather than God, would be heretical to Puritans. That might be so, but the inscription was fairly common on tombstones in the northeast from the mid-1700s until the early 1800s, a range that includes Constant’s 1760 death.

==Page 27==

27.04 '''Variable Slothrop''' 
The son of "Constant": The two names play a mathematical pun and suggest the family’s decline as well. Both names seem to be a pun as well on the name of Puritan minister and Harvard president, the Rev. Increase Mather of Massachusetts Bay Colony and his son, Cotton Mather. Increase attempted to decrease the heat surrounding the Salem Witch Trials through a series of sermons seeking moderation in the use of spectral evidence, even though he defended the trials and the judges. Parallels: Second law of thermodynamics - heated trials cooling. Increase-Cotton-Constant-Variable -- 

27.31-33 '''They began as fur traders, cordwainers, salters and smokers of bacon, went on into glassmaking, became selectmen, builders of tanneries, quarriers of marble.''' 
[[image:berkshire.jpg|thumb|100px|right]]One source listed in Weisenburger but that he did not have time to consult closely is ''The Berkshire Hills'' <ref>''The Berkshire Hills''', Funk & Wagnalls Company, New York, 1939</ref>, a guidebook prepared for this western Massachusetts region by the Federal Writers Project during the Depression. (See Pynchon’s comments in his introduction to ''Slow Learner''.) Although not the sole source, the book provides important background for "The Secret Integration" and the Berkshire segments of ''Gravity’s Rainbow''. Most of the offices and trades listed here (except for "smokers and salters of bacon") are noted at one place or another in the guidebook. Also see my article "From the Berkshires to the Brocken: Transformations of a Source in "The Secret Integration" and Gravity’s Rainbow," [http://www.ham.muohio.edu/~krafftjm/pynchon.html Pynchon Notes] 22-23 (Spring-Fall 1988): 87-98.

==Page 28==

28.02 '''converted acres at a clip into paper''' 
A paper clip? A likely reference to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Paperclip Operation Paper Clip], the [[OSS]] program to recruit Nazi scientists to work for the US and deny them to the Russians. [[Von Braun]] was brought to the US under this program.

28.02-03 '''paper—toilet paper, banknote stock, newsprint''' 
The Berkshire Hills describes several paper mills in the region and notes the importance of the industry. One producer, Crane and Company, first used the term "bond" for high-quality paper and provided special paper for U.S. currency from 1879 on <ref>Ibid, p. 238</ref>. Another company, in the town of Lee, gave the "first practical demonstration in America of the process of manufacturing paper from wood pulp instead of rags" <ref>Ibid, p. 143</ref>.

V28.33-34 '''Harrimans and Whitneys gone''' 
The Harrimans are mentioned in passing several times in The Berkshire Hills as being among the wealthy families who spent their summers in the region. William C. Whitney, President Cleveland’s Secretary of the Navy, is specifically mentioned as the founder of a vacation colony in Lenox in 1886 <ref>Ibid, p. 224</ref>.

==Page 29==

29.04 '''Hogan''' 
Tyrone Slothrop’s brother, presumably the father of the Hogan Slothrop of "The Secret Integration," set in the Berkshires a generation later.

==References==
<references/>

{{GR PbP}}

W

2010-06-04T14:02:23Z

Gruff: deleted a spam link

'''W.A.A.F.''' 
151; UK: Women's Auxiliary Air Force

'''Wafna, Count''' 
491; passenger aboard the Anubis

'''Wagner, Professor''' 
452; "of Darmstadt predicted that at speeds above Mach 5, air would liquefy"

<div id="wagner"></div>'''Wagner, Richard (1813-1883)''' 
German composer and theorist whose operas and music had a revolutionary influence on the form and harmony of Western music. His major works include The Flying Dutchman (1843), Tannhäuser (1845), Lohengrin (1850), Tristan und Isolde (1865), Parsifal (1882), and his awesome tetralogy, The Ring of the Nibelung (1869-76) "Bürgerlichkeit played to Wagner, the brasses faint and mocking, the voices of the strings drifting in and out of phase" 324; "Wagnerian battlements" 393; Wagner played on Toiletship, 450

'''Wahmke, Dr. Kurt''' 
403; German rocket scientist killed in 1934 in explosion in Kummersdorf; "First blood, first sacrifice."

'''Waite, Mr. A. E. (1857-1942)''' 
738; Arthur Edward Waite was an occultist and co-creator of the Rider-Waite Tarot deck. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Edward_Waite Wikipedia entry]

<div id="waits"></div>[[image:leicester-waits.jpg|thumb|''Christmas Eve, Highcross Market''|right]]'''waits''' 
128; "join the waits"; Leicester's ancient tradition of Town Waits official musicians who supported the Lord Mayor at civic events, entertained townspeople and feted visitors. The waits were originally guards or watchmen who walked round the town at night looking out for fires or other trouble. They rang bells to tell people the time, or called out '2 o'clock and all's well'. They also played music for the Lord Mayor's guests on big occasions, and entertained the general public. This became their main job. By 1900 the waits' instruments were a cornet, a euphonium, a tenor horn and a trombone. From then, the waits mostly played popular requests for a small fee, which was given to charity. By the 1940s, a request would cost about half a crown (12p). The Leicester Waits were disbanded around 1947. [http://www.leicester.gov.uk/NewsSite/index01.asp?pgid=3182]

'''Walpurgisnacht''' 
293; German: St. Walpurgia Night. The night before May 1, originally dedicated to St. Walpurgia, the 8th century English nun who founded religious houses in Germany. It is associated in German folklore with the witches' Sabbat on the Brocken, where the witches and sorcerers perform their black rites and reaffirm their subservience to the demon Master.

'''Waltz of the Future''' 
296; "the strangely communal" in Raketen-Stadt

<div id="wandervogel">'''Wandervogel'''</div>
99; (German: "bird of passage"); Thomas Moore: "organization, founded in 1901 as a boys' hiking and nature club, readily became, as it spread over the country, a plastic-deformable movement against all establishments of the fathers. Conscious Wandervogel politics varied across the spectrum, but all cells aggressively idealized nature, soil, soulfulness, and the spiritually exalted Bund ["brotherhood"] of youth." (p.208); 162; 670

'''War''' 
the real business of, 105; lives for information, 105; "electronic components of resin and copper that the War, in its glutton, ever-nibbling intake, has not yet found a licked back into its darkness" 119; [[Sixes and Sevens|"seventh Christmas of the War"]] 126; what it really wants, 130-34; the guy who is WWII, 131; as world revolution, 165; what war really is, 177; reconfigures time & space, 257; "opened up things" 265: recklessness is "magnificent, but it's not war" 345; 349; "politics between wars demands symmetry" 350; 379; gradients of damage (poorest sectors first), 423; "the Real Text" 520; "all theatre" 521; "sides?" 520; "There's something still on, don't call it a 'war' if it makes you nervous, maybe the death rate's gone down a point or two [...] but Their enterprise goes on" 628; "the real War is always there" 645; See also [[V#veday|V.E. Day]]

'''War Office''' 
164; in Berlin

'''Washington, George''' 
254; "old motherly femme de chambre"'s hair is done up like his

'''WASPs''' 
281; Women Airforce Service Pilots--pioneering organizations of civilian female pilots employed to fly military aircraft under the direction of the United States Army Air Forces during World War II. The female pilots would end up numbering a little over thousand, each freeing a male pilot for combat service and duties.

[[image:wassenaar.jpg|thumb|200px|Wassenaar "gingerbread" house - 1951|left]]'''Wassenaar''' 
95; northern district of The Hague, near Schußstelle 3

'''Wasserkuppe''' 
454; according to Baedeker, this is a 3115-foot mountain near the ancient town of Fulda in northeastern Germany.

'''Watson and Rayner''' 
In 1920 the American psychologists John B. Watson (1878-1958) and Rosalie Rayner employed classical conditioning techniques to demonstrate the development of an emotional response in a young boy ("infant Albert"). The presentation of a white rat was paired with the striking of a steel bar, which induced fear in the little boy. After only a few pairings, the white rat became capable of inducing fear responses similar to those produced by striking the bar, suggesting to psychologists that many human motives may result from the accidental pairing of events; conditioned "Infant Albert" into "a reflex horror of everything furry" 84, 86

'''waves''' 
"the tidal evening" 130; "You are the Wave of the Future.", 258; "The wave of the future.", 580; "So, shine on, Baby Bulbs, you're the wave of the future", 648

'''Waxwing, Blodgett''' 
246; specialist in phonying documents; his calling card has a cheSS knight and his address is on the Rue RoSSini in Zürich; escapee from the stockade Caserne Martier in Paris; meets Slothrop at Raoul's party, wearing a zoot suit; Zootsuit Zanies, 251; provides Slothrop the identity "Ian Scuffling, English War Correspondent" when he goes to Zürich, 256; 620

'''Wayne, Corporal''' 
11; Pirate's "batman" who drives him out to a bomb hit

'''W.C.''' 
82; water closet, British for toilet or bathroom

'''weapons''' 
Mark III Stens, 20, 107, 639; Schwarzlose (machine gun), 106; Mendoza, 107, 637; Mexican Mauser, 107; haakbus (Dutch: "hookgun"), 108; snaphaan, 109, 111; .455 Webley cartridge, 118; Bofors, 121; "robot weapons" 144; Typhoon, 151; Flying Fortresses, 169; Archies (anti-aircraft guns), 233; Sherman tank 247; "dragon's teeth, fallen stukas, burned tanks" 281; .45, 287; Nagant, 293, 514, 704; Amatol charges, 312; .45 automatic, 312; Moisin, 339; tommygun, 369; Suomi submachine gun, 377, 513; Degtyarov, 377, 511; US Army .45, 495, 558; Tokarev, 503; Luger, 505, 530, 576; Molotov cocktail, 507, 511; carbines, 518; Schmeisser, 527; Colt, 560; Thompsons, 564, 582; M-1, 584; .38s, 586; Japanese Zeros, 672, 690, 692; Ohka device, 690; sodium bomb, 690; Mauser, 693; Hotchkiss, 697-98; See also [[C#cosmicbomb|Cosmic Bomb]]; [[K#kingtiger|King Tiger]]; [[R#rocket|Rocket]]; [[S#schwarzgerat|Schwarzgerät]]

'''[[Weaving the Web|WEAVING THE WEB]]''' 
See also [[L#labyrinth|Labyrinth]]; [[S#silvernail|Silvernail, Webley]]; [[T#thesean|Thesean brushings]]; [[#weber|Weber, Max]]; [[#webern|Webern, Anton]]

<div id="weber"></div>'''Weber, Max (d. 1920)''' 
325; German sociologist and economist; the A4 "really did possess a Max Weber charisma" 464; See also Routinization/Rationalization of Charisma

<div id="webern"></div>'''Webern, Anton (1883-1945)''' 
This Austrian composer valued the oriental qualities of brevity, objectivity and fine decoration, wishing to mirror the perfection of mountain flowers and crystal specimens. He studied under Arnold Schoenberg and adopted a strict 12-tone composition style in 1924, using the 12-note system in everything he wrote.

:"This rainy morning, in the quiet, it seems that Gustav's German Dialectic has come to its end. He has just had the word, all the way from Vienna along some musicians' grapevine, that Anton Webern is dead. 'Shot in May, by the Americans. Senseless, accidental if you believe in accidents some mess cook from North Carolina, some late draftee with a.45 he hardly knew how to use, too late for WW II, but not for Webern. The excuse for raiding the house was that Webern's brother was in the black market. Who isn't? Do you know what kind of myth that's going to make in a thousand years? The young barbarians coming in to murder the Last European, standing at the far end of what'd been going on since Bach, an expansion of music's [[P#polymorphous|polymorphous perversity]] till all notes were truly equal at last....Where was there to go after Webern?'" (440-41)

"nobody gonna pull an Anton Webern on him" 443; "'As to some musical ears, dissonance is really a higher form of consonance. You've heard about Anton Webern?'" 494; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webern Wikipedia entry]]

'''Wehrwirtschaftstab''' 
German: "Economic Defense Staff"; "a section of the General Staff that maintained the OKW's liaison with industry" 630

'''Weichensteller''' 
453; one of "the reentry people" at Peenemünde

'''Weill, Kurt (1900-1950)''' 
A German, and in his later years American, composer active from the 1920s until his death. He was a leading composer for the stage and also wrote a number of pieces for the concert hall. His best known work was ''The Threepenny Opera'' which he wrote with Berthold Brecht in 1928. It contains Weill's most famous song, "Mack the Knife" ("Die Moritat von Mackie Messer").

'''Weimar Republic''' 
The government of Germany from 1919 to 1933, so called because the assembly that adopted its constitution met at Weimar from Feb. 6 to Aug. 11, 1919. It was marked by political and social turmoil, but an intellectual flowering; 155; 285; 365; 580; Weimar street urchin" 651

<div id="weissman"></div>'''Weissmann, Captain/Major/Lieutent [sic]''' 
German: "white man"; aka Blicero, aka Dominus Blicero, aka Capt. Blicero; Dominus Blicero, 30; with Katje and Gottfried, 94-99, 101-04; finding Enzian, 99-101; "mirror-metaphysics" 101; "recently back from South-West Africa" 152; "took [Dominus Blicero] as his SS code name" 322; in love with his own death, 324; "part salesman, part scientist" 401; "balding, scholarly" 404; "brought [Ilse] from Stettin. . .played chess" 408; "Lieutent" 417; "gray eminence" 401; estrangement from Enzian, 427; 455; "his final madness" 485; creating his own space, moving "in mythical regions" 486; writing about Katje, 642; "last letters from Holland" 658; "Even if he's only dead" 661; "he's only dead" 668; writing from The Hague about Katje, 662; "the Zone's worst specter" 666; eye reflecting windmill, 670; 672; 721; deciding to sacrifice Gottfried, 724; "his myopic witch's eyes through the thick lenses" 724; his Tarot, 746-49; 757; [[Weissmann's Tarot]]; [[L#luneburg|Lüneburg Heath]]

'''Wends''' 
Group of Slavic tribes that by the 5th century AD had settled in the area between the Oder River (on the east) and the Elbe and Saale rivers (on the west), in what is now eastern Germany. During their periodic rebellions against both Slavic and German overlords, the Wendish peasants would also repudiate Christianity; "white-gloved" aboard the Anubis, 467

'''Wenk''' 
455; Achtfaden's code name on the S-gerät project; 481; a character from Fritz Lang's 1922 film "Mabuse, der Spieler" — State-Attorney Wenk is Mabuse's dogged pursuer.

'''werewolf''' 
Besides the obvious folk-mythological associations, the "Werewolves" was an underground army recruited and trained in 1945 for guerilla warfare against the Allies who were in the process of occupying Germany; "were-elves streaking in out of the forests at night" 125; "a terrible beastlike change coming over muzzle and lower jaw, black pupils growing to cover the entire eye space till whites are gone and there's only the red animal reflection" 196; "hock of werewolf, gammon of Beast" 295; 486; "Werewolf stencils of the dark man with the high shoulders and the Homburg hat" 624; "lycanthropophobia or fear of Werewolves" 640; See also [[M#mythology|Mythology]]

'''Wernher''' 
[[T#geli|Geli Tripping's]] owl, presumably named after [[B#vonbraun|Wernher von Braun]]; likes candy bars, 291; loves [[T#tchitcherine|Tchitcherine]], 292; attacks Slothrop, 294

'''Wessel, Horst (1907-1930)''' 
The composer of Die Fahne Hoch ("Raise High the Flags," aka "Horst Wessel Lied") which was the Nazi "theme song." Interestingly, Herr Wessel, an SA (Sturmabteilung, aka Brownshirts) man, was killed in a street-fight with communists in 1930. Perhaps he traded a few blows with Mr. Sachsa who died that same year in a street-fight with Brownshirts. Coincidence? You decide; Die Fahne Hoch, 653; "I was a Storm Trooper [...] like Horst Wessel" 717

<div id="maewest">'''West, Mae (1893-1980)'''</div>
An American actress, playwright, screenwriter and sex symbol. Known for her bawdy double entendres, West made a name for herself in Vaudeville and on the stage in New York before moving to Hollywood to become a comedienne, actress and writer in the motion picture industry. One of the more controversial movie stars of her day, West encountered many problems including censorship. When her cinematic career ended, she continued to perform on stage, in Las Vegas, in the United Kingdom, on radio and television, and recorded rock and roll albums; ''My Little Chickadee'', 198

'''Whappo''' 
69; "Norwegian mulatto lad" in Toilet Adventure and Crutchfield's "little pard"; 114

'''Whitehall''' 
144; Britain's center for government in London. Eponymically named for Whitehall Palace which was located there but burned down in the late 17th century; 171; 201; 454; 635''' 
The White House

[[image:whitehouse.jpg|thumb|The White House|left]]'''White House, The,''' 
AKA The Little White House, 381-82; Kaiserstrasse 2 in Neubabelsberg, Truman's residence during the Potsdam Conference in July 1945, where Slothrop dug up Bodine's stash. [Note: thirteen years after the "Fall of the Wall," Kaiserstrasse still goes by its East German name-change of Karl Marx Strasse!]

'''White Lotos Day''' 
269; "the Blavatskian wing of Psi Section, who were off on a pilgrimage to 19 Avenue Road, St. John's Wood"; "White Lotus Day" — May 8 — is celebrated yearly by Theosophists as the day of death of Madame Helena Petrovna Blavatsky.

'''White Market''' 
570; "to be protected"

'''White Sheet Ridge''' 
232; "a tattered tommy up on"

<div id="whitevisitation">'''White Visitation'''</div>
34; former mental hospital located in the fictional town of [[I#ick|Ick Regis]] on the coast of southern England; now part of SOE; location of PISCES; D-Wing still has "loonies"; "devoted to psychological warfare" 35; "they're all wild talents--clairvoyants and mad magicians" 40; 72-74; described, 82-83; D-Wing, 230; 533; 627

'''White Woman''' 
Gottfried "dreams often these days of a very pale woman who wants him, who never speaks--but the absolute confidence in her eyes" 103; "the Evil Hour, when the white woman with the ring of keys comes out of her mountain" 374; waiting for Slothrop, "back behind the Spree" 439; "the great Kalahari painting of the" 658; "the pale Virgin was rising in the east" 694; See also [[D#death|death]]; [[E#evilhour|Evil Hour]]

'''''White Zombie''''' 
106; A 1932 American independent horror film directed and produced by brothers Victor Halperin and Edward Halperin, respectively. It is considered the first feature length zombie film and tells the story of a young woman's transformation into a zombie at the hands of an evil voodoo master. Béla Lugosi stars as the antagonist, Murder Legendre, with Madge Bellamy appearing as his victim. Other cast members included Robert W. Frazer, John Harron and Joseph Cawthorn.

'''Whitney, John Hay (1904-82)''' 
American multimillionaire and sportsman who had a multifaceted career as a publisher, financier, philanthropist, and horse breeder. In 1942 he joined the Eighth U.S. Army Air Force as a captain in the Combat Intelligence Division and was captured by the Nazis in southern France. He escaped and in 1945 was awarded the Legion of Merit; "Harrimans and Whitneys gone, lawns growing to hay" 28

'''Whitsun''' 
269; In England, White Sunday is the seventh Sunday after Easter; 628

'''Whittaker and Watson''' 
55; co-authors of a mathematical treatise entitled Modern Analysis. An old copy is owned by Roger Mexico

'''Whittington, Dick (d. 1423)''' 
A colorful London personality, Dick served three terms as lord mayor of London: 1397-99, 1406-07, and 1419-20. The GR passage refers to the popular legend that has Dick Whittington as a poor orphan worked in the kitchen of a rich London merchant. He ventures his only possession, a cat, as an item to be sold on one of his master's trading ships. Ill-treated by the cook, Dick then runs away, but just outside the city he hears the ringing of bells that seems to say "Turn again, Whittington, Lord mayor of great London." He returns to find that his cat has been sold for a great fortune to a Moorish ruler whose dominions are plagued with rats. Now wealthy, Whittington marries his master's daughter, succeeds to the business, and then becomes thrice lord mayor of London. ; "'I'm fucking Dick Whittington!' it occurs to [Mexico] zooming down Kings Road, 'I've come to London! I'm your Lord Mayor....'" 637

'''Wien bridge''' 
Wilhelm Wien (1864-1928) was a German physicist who received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1911 for his displacement law concerning the radiation emitted by a perfectly efficient blackbody. Further investigations by Max Plank resulted in his quantum theory of radiation. The Wien bridge is a four-arm a.c. bridge, the variable frequency being determined by a resistance in an arm of the bridge, and, as Weisenburger points out, was used in the automatic steering of the rocket; "Sometimes you'd use a Wien bridge, tuned to a certain frequency A-t, whistling, heavy with omen, inside the electric corridors" 517

'''Wilcoxon, Henry''' 
559; "'[children] rowin' old Henry Wilcoxon away into th' sunset to fight them Greeks or Persians or somebody'" 559

'''Wilheml, Richard''' 
403; "One of these German mystics who Mondaugen grew up reading"

'''Wilhelmplatz''' 
370; site of active blackmarketeering in Berlin, now with "Russian security all over the place"

'''Willkie, Wendell (1892-1944)''' 
135; First a lawyer, then an industrialist, Willkie switched from Democrat to Republican and was narrowly beat by F.D. Roosevelt in the U.S. presidential election of 1940. Between 1941 and 1942 he travelled the world representing the FDR.

'''Wim''' 
104; perhaps a Dutch underground comrade of Katje's

'''Wimpe, V-Mann''' 
152; [V: Verbindungsmann - "contact man"]; IG-man present at seance; the V-mann, 166; association with Tchitcherine, 344; described, 344; an organic chemist/creator of psychotropic drugs (the "jinni of the West"), 345; "reassigned to the United States. . .after Hitler became Chancellor" 349; turns Greta on to Oneirine, 464; 566; was boyfriend of Minnie (who yelled "helicopter!"), 684; Tchitcherine's memory of, 701

'''Windhoek''' 
352; capital of Südwest, where Enzian's birth was duly recorded by the Germans; [MAP]

'''windmill''' 
"the chorus line at the Windmill" 22; "the old Windmill" 39; "the windmill known as 'The Angel'" 106, 536; "the horizon broken now and then by silhouettes of a windmill" 462; "a windmill creaks out in the countryside" 573; "Brown windmills turn at the horizon" 575; "exegeses of windmills" 620; "What mill's that, grinding there below?" 621; "Van der Groov's cosmic windmill" 624; "a muddy brown almost black eyeball reflecting a windmill" 670; "windmill silhouettes" 672; "heretic-chasing [...] It went on in fields of windmills" 738

'''wines/champagne''' 
oude genever, 104; Lafitte Rothschild,116; Bernkastler Doktor, 116; "Wines of [...] the great '20s and '21s. Schloss Vollrads, Zeltinger, Piesporter" at Sachsa's séance, 163; Veuve Clicquot Brut, 212; "sweet Taittinger" 214; Nordhäuser Schattensaft ("shadow juice"), 290; "1911 Hochheimer" 652; shooting wine ("a wine rush is defying gravity") 743; Maitrinke (May drink), 743

'''Winterhilfe''' 
373; German: "winter aid"; Government social program providing food for the impoverished

'''Winthrop, Governor''' 
204; came over to America on the Arbella in 1630

'''[[Witches|WITCHES]]''' 
See also Walpurgisnacht

'''Wittmaier harpsichord''' 
533; disintegrating at the White Visitation

'''Wivern, General''' 
210; of SHAEF Technical Staff, 237; 242; 592; 594

<div id="wizoz">'''Wizard of Oz, The'''</div>
''The Wonderful Wizard of Oz'' is a children's novel from 1900 written by L. Frank Baum. The story chronicles the adventures of a girl named Dorothy in the Land of Oz. Thanks in part to the 1939 MGM movie, ''The Wizard of Oz'', it is one of the best-known stories in American popular culture and has been widely translated. Its initial success, and the success of the popular 1902 Broadway musical Baum adapted from his story, led to Baum writing thirteen more Oz books.

[[M#munchkin|Munchkin]] voice, 63; "obsessive as Munchkins" 270; "Toto, I have a feeling we're not in Kansas any more. . . ." 279; "Amy Sprue was not, like young skipping Dorothy's antagonist, a mean witch" 329; Slothrop and Schnorp taking off in scarlet and yellow balloon, 332-33; "'Follow the yellow-brick road,' hums Albert Krypton, on pitch, 'follow the yellow brick road,' what's this, is he actually, yes he's skipping. . . ." 597

'''WLB''' 
682; War Labor Board

'''Wobb and Whoaton''' 
702; authors of "'Mantic Archetype Distribution Among Middle-Class University Students,'"

'''Wobbly''' 
571; 355; Wobbly is slang for a member of the Industrial Workers of the World (I.W.W.), a former international labor organization favoring socialism and the abolition of the wage system; "German Wobbly traditions, they didn't go along with Hitler though all the other unions were falling into line"

'''Wolf, Hugo (1860-1903)''' 
An Austrian composer of Slovene origin, particularly noted for his art songs, or Lieder; played at Zwölfkinder, 419; played, along with Wagner, on Toiletship 450

'''Wolfgang''' 
496; G.M.B. Haftung's somewhat unstable prize chimp doing a fair Hitler imitation; going at it with Frau Gnahb in the pilot house, 496; drinking vodka, 503

'''Womack, Flash''' 
584; a pinball wizard, one of "the great thumbs of Koekuk and Puyallup, Oyster Bay, Inglewood"

'''Wormwood Scrubs''' 
33; the Scrubs--Wormwood Scrubs Prison, in London, was built by convicts in 1874; Slothrop wears Wormwood Scrubs School Tie to Casino dinner, 190

'''Wounded Knee''' 
hamlet and creek on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in southwestern South Dakota, in the U.S., which was the site of two conflicts between North American Indians and representatives of the U.S. government. On Feb. 27, 1973, some 200 members of the American Indian Movement (AIM), led by Dennis Banks and Russell Means, took the reservation hamlet of Wounded Knee by force, declared it the "Independent Oglala Sioux Nation," and vowed to stay until the U.S. government met AIM demands for a change in tribal leaders, a review of all Indian treaties, and a U.S. Senate investigation of treatment of Indians in general. Two Indians and one federal agent were killed in the ensuing battle in which the feds prevailed; "the guns that raked through the unarmed Indians at" 697

'''WRAC''' 
251; Women's Royal Army Corp

'''Wrens''' 
23; Women's Royal Naval Service - British civilian support group of war effort; 121; Wrens?

'''writing''' 
description of St. Veronica's, 46; "swimming up from sleep" 119; "an informer whose guilt will one day sicken into throat cancer" 150; "not produce. . .systems" 159; "assassination" 164; bugs in the manger, 173-74; Westward expansion: penetrate and foul virgin sunsets, 214; "no difference between behavior of a god and the operations of pure chance" 323; Rocket, 324; "what heads and tails went jingling inside the dark pockets of that indeterminacy?"-- 344; Will of God Theory, 362; "smiles breaking like kind dawns" 378; "This is how they meet" (p.365) until they finally meet at p.393; Trudi up Slothrop's nose, 439; "How I Came to Love the People" 547; dead fly, 632; tropical hallucination, 634-35; hmmm, 733

<div id ="wuotan"> '''Wuotan'''</div>
72; Wuotan is the Old High German spelling of Odin; 75

'''''Wütende Heer''''' 
75; German: "furious" or "raging" army

'''Wuxtry-Wuxtry, Mickey''' 
738; "Wuxtry wuxtry, read all about it"; "world-renowned analyst" -- "There never was a Dr. Jamf"

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==Page 228==
228.9 '''Miss Borgesius is still active on the program, and Mr. Duncan Sandys is having all his questions answered.''' 
Putting them in the same sentence is a fine example of Pynchonesque intuition; in 2000 [http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0,3604,352561,00.html Duncan Sandys was revealed] as the "headless man" involved in a decades-old sex scandal. In 1963 photos emerged of the Duchess of Argyll performing fellatio on him, while a third person, identified as Douglas Fairbanks, Jr., was masturbating and making Polaroid snaps. And yes, there is a von Braun connection.

228.33 '''''und so weiter''''' 
German: and so forth

228 '''Mossmoon, actually, is working out of Malet Street''' 
Weisenburger guesses (!) that Malet Street is fictional but it's real enough. Of the buildings in Malet Street, which include the old Royal Academy of Dramatic Arts building, the School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, and Birkbeck College (site of Joad's Gambit and holy to Lifemen), Mossmoon was most likely working out of the Senate House of the University of London. This would correspond with his earlier role on p35 as a Verbindungsmann between academia and industry.

==Page 229==
229.23 '''From overhead, from a German camera-angle''' 
The German, or Dutch, or Batman angle is actually [http://www.brokenprojector.com/wordpress/?p=6 a tilted camera-angle]. "From overhead" implies a German bomber's (or rocket's) view.

==Page 230==
230.21-22 '''Volksgrenadier: setz V-2 ein!''' 
German: [[V#volksgren|Volksgrenadier]] deploy a V-2!

==Page 231==
231.14 '''Daily Herald''' 
British newspaper, published in London from 1912 to 1964; typically associated with worker's issues and the Labour Party

==Page 232==
232.06 '''Savarin..."Severin"''' 
Savarin: the cofee. 
Severin: two possible referents: 
a. Severin von Kusiemski: a character in ''Venus in Furs'' by Leopold von Sacher-Masoch. 
b. Mark Severin(1906-1987): engraver of postage stamps and over 500 Ex-Libris bookplates many of which were erotic.

232.15 '''Krafft-Ebing''' 
Richard von Krafft-Ebing (1840-1902), a German psychiatrist, wrote ''Psychopathia Sexualis'' (1886), describing a variety of sexual proclivities

[[image:malacca.jpg|thumb|70px|right]]232.16-17 '''Malacca cane''' 
Although Weisenburger cites Fu Manchu stories as a source for this item, it is more clearly being used simply to inflict pain in the ritual between Katje and the Brigadier. Malacca canes are thick, with a knob at one end. They are sometimes used in sado-masochistic settings such as the one here.

232.20 '''tattered tommy up on White Sheet Ridge''' 
A key land formation at the the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Messines Battle of Messines], a prelude to the Third Battle of Passchendaele a month later. In April-May 1917, the Germans held the White Sheet and Pilkem Ridges squeezing Ypres in the middle. On June 7th 1917 at 3:10am the British attack began as 19 landmines simultaneously exploded; the British opened fire and two hours later the Germans were driven from the formation.

232.21 '''Maxim''' 
The Maxim gun was first self-powered machine gun.

232.21-22 '''Cléo de Mérode (1875-1966)''' 
A French dancer, renowned for her glamour even more than for her dancing skills.

232.28 '''H-Hour''' 
The specific time when a military operation is to begin.

232.33 '''Adam chair''' 
A chair designed by brothers James and Robert Adam, 18th century architects, whose work was based on classic Greek and Roman styles

232.41 '''recco photos''' 
Reconnaissance photographs

==Page 233==
233.21 '''The Archies were chugging...''' 
WWI slang for anti-aircraft guns

==Page 234==
234.4 '''the Salient''' 
The [[XYZ#ypres|Ypres]] Salient

234.7 '''Badajoz''' 
The capital of the Spanish province of Badajoz in the autonomous community of Extremadura, situated close to the Portuguese border. During the Spanish Civil War, Between 1,000 and 4,000 civilian and military supporters of the Second Spanish Republic, were killed by the National Army following the seizure of the town on August 14, 1936.

234.28 '''where's that Gourd Surprise now?''' 
see [[E#gourd|Ernest Pudding's Gourd Surprise]]

234.33 '''fourragère''' 
A military award, distinguishing military units as a whole

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==Page 20==

20.36 '''TDY''' 
Not "tour of duty," as in Weisenburger, but "temporary duty."

20.37 '''East End'''
This is the East End of London, particularly heavily bombed by the Germans in the war as London's docks were situated there. It was, and still is, the area where the poorest people of London live. Famously, Queen Elizabeth's mother made a royal visit there during the war where she was enthusiastically received.

==Page 21==

21.07 '''A lot of stuff prior to 1944 is getting blurry now.''' 
Even this early in the novel, Slothrop has problems with his "temporal bandwidth."

21.36 '''86’d''' 
While sources do agree with Weisenburger that the term "86" might originate in rhyming slang (for "nix"), they also agree that it was first used in the restaurant business to indicate menu items that were no longer available. The wider usage here may not have originated until the 1950s.

21 '''Tantivy's guest at the Junior Athenaeum''' 
According to the London Encyclopedia the Junior Athenaeum purchased Hope House at 116 Piccadilly in 1868, owning it until the building was demolished in 1936. The JA appears to have closed its doors in 1931, making this a possible anachronism. The Athenaeum Club proper is the most intellectually elite of the gentlemen's clubs; Darwin, Dickens and Trollope were members and Michael Faraday was secretary of the first committee.

==Page 22==

22.04 '''Frick Frack Club''' 
The term "frick and frack" is often used to designate two people or almost any two items closely associated with each other. The term originates from the stage names of a pair of Swiss skaters who starred in ice shows in the 1930s. Pynchon probably chose the name more for its senseless alliteration (like "Kit-Kat Club") than any specific meaning.

22 '''a build out of the chorus line at the Windmill'''; also p39 "It's not backstage at the Windmill" 
The Windmill opened in 1932 in a building which had been the Palais de Luxe Cinema and then a theatre. It featured comedy and burlesque revues. The only London theatre to remain open throughout the war, the Windmill continued until 1964 when it became a cinema, reverted to a strip club in 1973, became a theatre/restaurant in 1982 and finally re-opened as a strip club in 1986. From a recent advertisement: "The Windmill International - London's Premier Tableside Dancing Club with 75 Beautiful Dancing Girls who will perform tableside for you - full Nudity - fantastic stage and light show - Dress Smart".

==Page 23==

23.10 '''Bovril''' 
A cow extract--its main use is as a flavouring for soups, and as a drink when you put a teaspoon of the stuff in a mug of boiling water

23.19 '''Wrens''' 
Women's Royal Naval Service - British civilian support group of war effort

23.25 '''Ike jacket''' 
Eisenhower jacket--officially the M-44; a waist-cropped style jacket designed in 1943 and meant to be worn beneath the standard US field jacket, the M-43, as an added layer of insulation; supposedly made at Eisenhower's request

==Page 25==

25.06-07 '''Slothrop’s Progress . . . a parable''' 
"Slothrop’s Progress" echoes John Bunyan’s Puritan allegory ''The Pilgrim’s Progress''. The word "parable," interestingly, comes from the same root as "parabola."

Slothrop's Progress may be Time itself. Sir Arthur Eddington coined the term "time's arrow" to describe entropy's progress and time's irreversibility-- i.e. "as the universe gets older, it becomes more disordered, following the second law of thermodynamics." Entropy's progress defines time. Cf. ''Scientific American'', Jan 2008, p.26 for more.

25. 29 '''Bond Street Underground station'''
This is a station in the wealthier West End of London - also a site on the British version of 'Monopoly'

==Page 26==

26.30 '''back home in Mingeborough, Massachusetts''' 
The Berkshire town was first created by Pynchon in the short story "The Secret Integration," set in the mid-1960s. This story also introduced the Slothrop family, in the person of Hogan Slothrop, who is apparently the son of Tyrone’s brother. Minges (or "midges") are small, biting insects. However, "minge" is also a British slang term for a woman's genitals.

26.33 '''British Double Summer Time''' 
Correspondent Igor Zabel explains this term:
" . . . in Britain they had, during the war, the clocks an hour ahead in the winter time and two hours in the summer time."

26.37-38 '''Death is a debt to nature due . . . so must you.''' 
Weisenburger claims that this epitaph, with its debt to "nature" rather than God, would be heretical to Puritans. That might be so, but the inscription was fairly common on tombstones in the northeast from the mid-1700s until the early 1800s, a range that includes Constant’s 1760 death.

==Page 27==

27.04 '''Variable Slothrop''' 
The son of "Constant": The two names play a mathematical pun and suggest the family’s decline as well. Both names seem to be a pun as well on the name of Puritan minister and Harvard president, the Rev. Increase Mather of Massachusetts Bay Colony and his son, Cotton Mather. Increase attempted to decrease the heat surrounding the Salem Witch Trials through a series of sermons seeking moderation in the use of spectral evidence, even though he defended the trials and the judges. Parallels: Second law of thermodynamics - heated trials cooling. Increase-Cotton-Constant-Variable -- 

27.31-33 '''They began as fur traders, cordwainers, salters and smokers of bacon, went on into glassmaking, became selectmen, builders of tanneries, quarriers of marble.''' 
[[image:berkshire.jpg|thumb|100px|right]]One source listed in Weisenburger but that he did not have time to consult closely is ''The Berkshire Hills'' <ref>''The Berkshire Hills''', Funk & Wagnalls Company, New York, 1939</ref>, a guidebook prepared for this western Massachusetts region by the Federal Writers Project during the Depression. (See Pynchon’s comments in his introduction to ''Slow Learner''.) Although not the sole source, the book provides important background for "The Secret Integration" and the Berkshire segments of ''Gravity’s Rainbow''. Most of the offices and trades listed here (except for "smokers and salters of bacon") are noted at one place or another in the guidebook. Also see my article "From the Berkshires to the Brocken: Transformations of a Source in "The Secret Integration" and Gravity’s Rainbow," [http://www.ham.muohio.edu/~krafftjm/pynchon.html Pynchon Notes] 22-23 (Spring-Fall 1988): 87-98.

==Page 28==

28.02-03 '''paper—toilet paper, banknote stock, newsprint''' 
The Berkshire Hills describes several paper mills in the region and notes the importance of the industry. One producer, Crane and Company, first used the term "bond" for high-quality paper and provided special paper for U.S. currency from 1879 on <ref>Ibid, p. 238</ref>. Another company, in the town of Lee, gave the "first practical demonstration in America of the process of manufacturing paper from wood pulp instead of rags" <ref>Ibid, p. 143</ref>.

V28.33-34 '''Harrimans and Whitneys gone''' 
The Harrimans are mentioned in passing several times in The Berkshire Hills as being among the wealthy families who spent their summers in the region. William C. Whitney, President Cleveland’s Secretary of the Navy, is specifically mentioned as the founder of a vacation colony in Lenox in 1886 <ref>Ibid, p. 224</ref>.

==Page 29==

29.04 '''Hogan''' 
Tyrone Slothrop’s brother, presumably the father of the Hogan Slothrop of "The Secret Integration," set in the Berkshires a generation later.

==References==
<references/>

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==Page 20==

20.36 '''TDY''' 
Not "tour of duty," as in Weisenburger, but "temporary duty."

20.37 '''East End'''
This is the East End of London, particularly heavily bombed by the Germans in the war as London's docks were situated there. It was, and still is, the area where the poorest people of London live. Famously, Queen Elizabeth's mother made a royal visit there during the war where she was enthusiastically received.

==Page 21==

21.07 '''A lot of stuff prior to 1944 is getting blurry now.''' 
Even this early in the novel, Slothrop has problems with his "temporal bandwidth."

21.36 '''86’d''' 
While sources do agree with Weisenburger that the term "86" might originate in rhyming slang (for "nix"), they also agree that it was first used in the restaurant business to indicate menu items that were no longer available. The wider usage here may not have originated until the 1950s.

21 '''Tantivy's guest at the Junior Athenaeum''' 
According to the London Encyclopedia the Junior Athenaeum purchased Hope House at 116 Piccadilly in 1868, owning it until the building was demolished in 1936. The JA appears to have closed its doors in 1931, making this a possible anachronism. The Athenaeum Club proper is the most intellectually elite of the gentlemen's clubs; Darwin, Dickens and Trollope were members and Michael Faraday was secretary of the first committee.

==Page 22==

22.04 '''Frick Frack Club''' 
The term "frick and frack" is often used to designate two people or almost any two items closely associated with each other. The term originates from the stage names of a pair of Swiss skaters who starred in ice shows in the 1930s. Pynchon probably chose the name more for its senseless alliteration (like "Kit-Kat Club") than any specific meaning.

==Page 23==

23.10 '''Bovril''' 
A cow extract--its main use is as a flavouring for soups, and as a drink when you put a teaspoon of the stuff in a mug of boiling water

23.19 '''Wrens''' 
Women's Royal Naval Service - British civilian support group of war effort

23.25 '''Ike jacket''' 
Eisenhower jacket--officially the M-44; a waist-cropped style jacket designed in 1943 and meant to be worn beneath the standard US field jacket, the M-43, as an added layer of insulation; supposedly made at Eisenhower's request

==Page 25==

25.06-07 '''Slothrop’s Progress . . . a parable''' 
"Slothrop’s Progress" echoes John Bunyan’s Puritan allegory ''The Pilgrim’s Progress''. The word "parable," interestingly, comes from the same root as "parabola."

Slothrop's Progress may be Time itself. Sir Arthur Eddington coined the term "time's arrow" to describe entropy's progress and time's irreversibility-- i.e. "as the universe gets older, it becomes more disordered, following the second law of thermodynamics." Entropy's progress defines time. Cf. ''Scientific American'', Jan 2008, p.26 for more.

25. 29 '''Bond Street Underground station'''
This is a station in the wealthier West End of London - also a site on the British version of 'Monopoly'

==Page 26==

26.30 '''back home in Mingeborough, Massachusetts''' 
The Berkshire town was first created by Pynchon in the short story "The Secret Integration," set in the mid-1960s. This story also introduced the Slothrop family, in the person of Hogan Slothrop, who is apparently the son of Tyrone’s brother. Minges (or "midges") are small, biting insects. However, "minge" is also a British slang term for a woman's genitals.

26.33 '''British Double Summer Time''' 
Correspondent Igor Zabel explains this term:
" . . . in Britain they had, during the war, the clocks an hour ahead in the winter time and two hours in the summer time."

26.37-38 '''Death is a debt to nature due . . . so must you.''' 
Weisenburger claims that this epitaph, with its debt to "nature" rather than God, would be heretical to Puritans. That might be so, but the inscription was fairly common on tombstones in the northeast from the mid-1700s until the early 1800s, a range that includes Constant’s 1760 death.

==Page 27==

27.04 '''Variable Slothrop''' 
The son of "Constant": The two names play a mathematical pun and suggest the family’s decline as well. Both names seem to be a pun as well on the name of Puritan minister and Harvard president, the Rev. Increase Mather of Massachusetts Bay Colony and his son, Cotton Mather. Increase attempted to decrease the heat surrounding the Salem Witch Trials through a series of sermons seeking moderation in the use of spectral evidence, even though he defended the trials and the judges. Parallels: Second law of thermodynamics - heated trials cooling. Increase-Cotton-Constant-Variable -- 

27.31-33 '''They began as fur traders, cordwainers, salters and smokers of bacon, went on into glassmaking, became selectmen, builders of tanneries, quarriers of marble.''' 
[[image:berkshire.jpg|thumb|100px|right]]One source listed in Weisenburger but that he did not have time to consult closely is ''The Berkshire Hills'' <ref>''The Berkshire Hills''', Funk & Wagnalls Company, New York, 1939</ref>, a guidebook prepared for this western Massachusetts region by the Federal Writers Project during the Depression. (See Pynchon’s comments in his introduction to ''Slow Learner''.) Although not the sole source, the book provides important background for "The Secret Integration" and the Berkshire segments of ''Gravity’s Rainbow''. Most of the offices and trades listed here (except for "smokers and salters of bacon") are noted at one place or another in the guidebook. Also see my article "From the Berkshires to the Brocken: Transformations of a Source in "The Secret Integration" and Gravity’s Rainbow," [http://www.ham.muohio.edu/~krafftjm/pynchon.html Pynchon Notes] 22-23 (Spring-Fall 1988): 87-98.

==Page 28==

28.02-03 '''paper—toilet paper, banknote stock, newsprint''' 
The Berkshire Hills describes several paper mills in the region and notes the importance of the industry. One producer, Crane and Company, first used the term "bond" for high-quality paper and provided special paper for U.S. currency from 1879 on <ref>Ibid, p. 238</ref>. Another company, in the town of Lee, gave the "first practical demonstration in America of the process of manufacturing paper from wood pulp instead of rags" <ref>Ibid, p. 143</ref>.

V28.33-34 '''Harrimans and Whitneys gone''' 
The Harrimans are mentioned in passing several times in The Berkshire Hills as being among the wealthy families who spent their summers in the region. William C. Whitney, President Cleveland’s Secretary of the Navy, is specifically mentioned as the founder of a vacation colony in Lenox in 1886 <ref>Ibid, p. 224</ref>.

==Page 29==

29.04 '''Hogan''' 
Tyrone Slothrop’s brother, presumably the father of the Hogan Slothrop of "The Secret Integration," set in the Berkshires a generation later.

==References==
<references/>

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==Page 17==

17 '''which Mother had Garrard's make up for him''' 
Garrard & Co. Ltd., the Crown Jewellers since 1843, are at 112 Regent Street W1, where they moved in 1952. Mrs. Bloat however would have visited them at their former location in Albemarle Street, near the Royal Institution. This elite scientists' club is where Michael Faraday did most of his experimenting and today it houses the Faraday Museum.

==Page 18==

18.22-23 '''"Johnny Doughboy Found a Rose in Ireland"''' 
Song by Al Goodhart and Kay Twomey, composed for the 1942 film ''Johnny Doughboy'', starring Jane Withers and Henry Wilcoxon. Apparently a popular tune, it lasted 16 weeks on the 1942 Hit Parade and was recorded by Kay Kyser and Guy Lombardo, among others.

[[image:george-formby.jpg|thumb|50px|right]]18.25 '''George Formby''' 
See note above at [[Pages 7-16#9|9.05]]. Formby was extraordinarily popular in recordings and films in Britain in the 1940s. [[Weisenburger's Companion to Gravity's Rainbow|Weisenburger]] claims that Formby’s voice was a "high screech," but it was actually a not-unpleasant baritone. Weisenburger may be confusing Formby with the ukulele-strumming 1960s singing phenomenon Tiny Tim. On the other hand, his singing voice did have a rather whiny Lancastrian accent, similar to his speaking voice. You might like to judge for yourself from his own song [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nSc-e-QffTs "She's Got Two of Everything" on YouTube], taken from his 1945 film [http://www.georgeformby.co.uk/films/do_it/report.htm ''I Didn't Do It!''].

18.26-28 '''lost pieces...jigsaw puzzles...left eye...Weimaraner''' 

TRP mentions the left eye quite a bit. Vera Meroving, in [http://v.pynchonwiki.com/wiki/index.php?title=M#meroving ''V.'', p.237], has an artificial left eye inscribed with a clock and the glyphs of the zodiac; and [http://against-the-day.pynchonwiki.com/wiki/index.php?title=ATD_57-80#Page_61 in ''AtD''] Blinky Morgan has a damaged left eye that allows him to be a walking interferometer, able to see light poloraization unaided.

The left eye here belongs to a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weimaraner Weimaraner], a dog which European royalty used to hunt big game like boar and bear. Weimaraner dogs are known for their loyalty to family, sensitivity, high intelligence and problem solving ability and have thus been called the dog with a human brain. Famous owners of the breed include founder of modern Turkey, Attaturk, President Eisenhower, French President Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, Brad Pitt and Trent Reznor.

Amber left eye of a dog echoes The Beatles' ''I am the Walrus''': "yellow matter custard dripping from a dead dog's eye."

18.30 '''the skin of a Flying Fortress''' 
Correspondent Stephen Remato adds the following comment: "While detailing the debris on Slothrop's desk, Mr. W. suggests that the bomb which explodes over Hiroshima was dropped from a Flying Fortress. While also made by the Boeing company, it was the B29 Super Fortress, not the B17 Flying Fortress, which was the atomic bomber of WW2. The well-known B29 'Enola Gay' dropped the Hiroshima bomb, while the lesser-known B29 'Bock's Car' dropped the Nagasaki bomb. To those unaware, the superficial similarity in name between these types of aircraft is the main similarity only; they are not variations of the same aircraft but quite distinct."

18.31 '''G-2''' 
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_intelligence Military] or ground intelligence. As opposed to N-2, Naval intelligence; A-2 air intelligence, etc.

18.38 '''a News of the World''' 
The ''NOTW'' was not a daily paper but a highly sensationalistic British weekly tabloid published every Sunday, with virtually no serious news (still being published, and now owned by Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation). That "Slothrop is a faithful reader" says much about his intellectual pursuits.
[http://www.newsoftheworld.co.uk The paper's current website.]
NOTW is mentioned in The Beatles song ''Polythene Pam'' : "She's the kind of a girl to make the News of the World, yes you could say she was attractively built..." and The Smiths ''This Night Has Opened My Eyes'', "Wrap her [a dead baby] up in the News of the World / Dump her on a doorstep" Likely many other songs as well.

==Page 19==

[[image:vixen-pantechnicon.jpg|thumb|100px|right]]19.30 '''the pantechnicon''' 
[[Weisenburger's Companion to Gravity's Rainbow|Weisenburger]] gives this as "a bazaar in Victorian London," but a more fitting setting for Tantivy’s story of "Lorraine and Judy, Charles the homosexual constable and the piano" would be a warehouse or furniture van. See [[Pages 537-548#537|537.16-17.]]

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==Page 3==

3.01 '''A''' 
The shape of the first letter recalls both the eye of the pyramid and the rocket standing on its fins. A is also a sort of reverse V - the V-2 was also known as the A-4. Finally compare the first and last typographical characters in the book: '''A''' and '''--'''. If the first is the rocket waiting to fly, the last is the flattened impact site with nothing left standing.

3.01 '''A screaming comes across the sky.''' 
Note the internal alliteration of K and S, and the double s in "across", the first of many.

3.03 '''The Evacuation''' 
First instance in ''Gravity's Rainbow'' of a lifetime stylistic trait of Pynchon's: unpredictable use of Capitalization. Capitalization is usually applied to nouns, but not uniformly. Often a matter of emphasis. See ''Mason & Dixon'' for the widest use, there imitating the writing of the time in which the book is set. 
The use throughout all his work might indicate how well-read and influenced by works written before capitalization was standardized Pynchon is. 
The full rules of capitalization for English are complicated. The rules have also changed over time, generally to capitalize fewer terms; to the modern reader, an 18th century document seems to use initial capitals excessively. Wikipedia
Also note the double-entendre: "evacuation" can mean "shit".

3.03 '''theatre''' 
Besides the normal meanings, including "theater of war", 'theatre' is the name that fireworks' organizers call a sky display.

3.05 '''iron queen''' 
a queensize bed made of iron. Hardly made after 1900. Queen Victoria had a famous brass (and iron) one in the Crystal Palace! "Beds made of hollow tubes of steel, iron, and brass came to be manufactured in the mid 19th century.
These were to be used both by soldiers and civilians. Their main advantage at that time was that unlike wooden beds, these could not be infested with bedbugs. Queen Victoria's brass bed at the Crystal Palace has been the most famous antique brass bed. 
By the late 19th century, metal beds were nearly out of fashion." Antique beds [[http://www.bestinbeds.com/beds/antique-bed.html]]

Also, In The Odyssey, when Odysseus goes to the Underworld, he refers to Persephone as '''the Iron Queen'''. Of the four gods of Empedocles' elements it is the name of Persephone alone that is taboo, for the Greeks knew another face of Persephone as well. She was also the terrible Queen of the dead, whose name was not safe to speak aloud, who was named simply "The Maiden". Wikipedia
[[http://www.en.wikipedia.org/Persephone]]

3.07 '''crystal palace''' 
See Alpha entry, especially this re cultural meaning: 
The Crystal Palace made a strong impression on visitors coming from all over Europe, including a number of writers. It soon became a symbol of modernity and civilization, hailed by some and decried by others.

In ''What Is to Be Done?'', Russian author and philosopher Nikolai Chernyshevsky pledges to transform the society into a Crystal Palace thanks to a socialist revolution. 
Fyodor Dostoevsky implicitly replied to Chernyshevsky in ''Notes from Underground''. The narrator thinks that human nature will prefer destruction and chaos to the harmony symbolized by the Crystal Palace.

When the first major international exhibition of arts and industries was held in London in 1851, the London Crystal Palace epitomized the achievements of the entire world at a time when progress was racing forward at a speed never before known to mankind. The Great Exhibition marked the beginning of a tradition of world's fairs, which would be held in major cities all across the globe. Following the success of the London fair, it was inevitable that other nations would soon try their hand at organizing their own exhibitions. In fact, the next international fair was held only two years later, in 1853, in New York City. This fair would have its own Crystal Palace to symbolize not only the achievements of the world, but also the nationalistic pride of a relatively young nation and all that she stood for. Walt Whitman, the great American poet, wrote in "The Song of the Exposition": 
http://www.ric.edu/rpotter/cryspal.html

That the Crystal Palace Exhibition "marked the beginning of a tradition of world's fairs" can remind that ''Against the Day'' starts at the Columbian Exhibition of 1893 in Chicago. More international optimism.

3.14 '''second sheep''' 
Compare the narrator’s discussion of William Slothrop’s heretical tract "On Preterition," which argued for the holiness of the preterite, and Weisenburger’s note at [[Pages 549-557#555|555.29-31]].

A wide symbology relates to sheep in ancient art, traditions and culture. Judaism uses many sheep references including the Passover lamb. Christianity uses sheep-related images, such as: Christ as the good shepherd, or as the sacrificed Lamb of God (Agnus Dei); the bishop's Pastoral; the lion lying down with the lamb (a reference to all of creation being at peace, without suffering, predation or otherwise). Greek Easter celebrations traditionally feature a meal of Paschal lamb. Sheep also have considerable importance in Arab culture; Eid ul-Adha is a major annual festival in Islam in which a sheep is sacrificed. 
Herding sheep plays an important historico-symbolic part in the Jewish and Christian faiths, since Abraham, Jacob, Moses, and King David all worked as shepherds. wikipedia
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheep] 

Sheep are often associated with obedience due to the widespread perception that they lack intelligence and their undoubted herd mentality, hence the pejorative connotation of the adjective 'ovine'. In George Orwell's satirical novel ''Animal Farm'', sheep are used to represent the ignorant and uneducated masses of revolutionary Russia. The sheep are unable to be taught the subtleties of revolutionary ideology and can only be taught repetitive slogans such as "Four legs good, two legs bad" which they bleat in unison at rallies. The rock group Pink Floyd wrote a song using sheep as a symbol for ordinary people, that is, everyone who isn't a pig or dog. People who accept overbearing governments have been pejoratively referred to as "sheeple". wikipedia [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheep] 

3.19 '''half-silvered''' 
adj. (of a mirror) having an incomplete reflective coating, so that half the incident light is reflected and half transmitted: used in optical instruments and two-way mirrors. Collins Dictionary 
See the splitting of light all through ''Against the Day'', Pynchon's 2006
novel.

3.19 '''view finder''' 
as two words, this seems to refer to handheld devices in which slides were slid and viewed in 3-dimensions. Here is a version still being made
[http://porters.com/Merchant2/merchant.mvc?Screen=PROD&Store_Code=PCS&Product_Code=520098&Product_Count=&Category_Code= view finder]. "half-silvered" above seems most correct with this kind of device.

3.22 '''They pass in line''' 
A Pynchonian leitmotif. The linearity of lining up has resonances throughout his work, articulated most straightforwardly in ''Against the Day'', which starts with "Single up all Lines!", and perhaps dealt with
most profoundly in ''Mason & Dixon'', a novel about creating the "Mason & Dixon line".

3.25 '''Rain comes down''' 
Pynchon's first published story is called ''The Small Rain''. See his remarks on rain in fiction in ''Slow Learner''.

3.30 '''naptha winters''' 
Naptha is the flammable liquid obtained from the distillation of coal and used to fire gaslights and heaters. ...

3.32 '''rolling-stock absence''' 
Rolling stock is the collective term that describes all the vehicles which move on a railway.

3.35 '''Absolute Zero''' 
Theoretical state when no molecules move. [http://www.pa.msu.edu/sciencet/ask_st/012992.html..Absolute Zero]. State
of entropy, a key concept of Thomas Pynchon's. See early story, ''Entropy'' in ''Slow Learner''.

3.36 '''places whose ''names he has never heard''''' 
'secret cities of poor', deep under these fallen girders. Places
that have never been spoken of, yet exist. Lower than ''Low-lands''. 
Later in Pynchon's world,in other books, ''Mason & Dixon'' and ''Against the Day'', we will travel deeper underground, to places with no names we know, it seems. See a "progressive ''knotting into''", 3.26 in GR.

3.37 '''the walls break down''' 
See "wall of death" later in ''Gravity's Rainbow''. A-and in ''Against the Day''.

===Page 4===
4.01 '''getting narrower...cornering tighter and tighter''' 
Cf. the rationalization of choice and similar phrasing in ''Against the Day'', pynchon wiki p. [http://against-the-day.pynchonwiki.com/wiki/index.php?title=ATD_1-25 10]

4.05 '''caravan''' 
1) a procession, in single file, of merchants or pilgrims
2) a procession of mules, camels or certain other animals. Sources: Online dictionary and wikipedia. 3) ''Caravan'' is a song by Van Morrison included on his 1970 album, ''Moondance''. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caravan_%28Van_Morrison_song%29 Caravan] 
Pilgrim has Pynchonian resonances, especially in ''Against the Day''. A-And, once again, notice the singleing up of lines.

4.07 '''cockade''' 
1) n. An ornament, such as a rosette or knot of ribbon, usually worn on the hat as a badge. [Alteration of obsolete cockard , from French.] 

2) Operational code name for Allied deception operations intended to draw attention away from Normandy prior to D-Day
[http://www.secondworldwar.co.uk/glossc.html]

Cf. pun: cock aid, esp. as Slothrop's 'condition' within ''Gravity's Rainbow'' is revealed.

4.07 '''the color of lead''' 
cockades are usually brightly colored. Lead is not. 

Lead is a malleable toxic metallic element, bluish-white in color that
tarnishes to a dull gray. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lead Lead] 

Lead is the only currency-carrying element which does not absorb nor emit heat. Entropic, so to speak. Another resonance for "toward the zero"? 

Lead is what bullets are made of.

4.12 '''corridors straight and functional''' 
More forced linearity.

4.31 '''But it is already light...light has come percolating in''' 
See also the opening lines of Pynchon's next book, 'Vineland', which begins with someone waking from a (possibly prophetic) dream, with light streaming in.

4.37 '''the different levels of the enormous room''' 
The transition from dream to waking is so subtle, and beautifully done, right down to little details, such as how the dreamer's real and dreamt surroundings cross over: the multi-levelled carriage of the dream becomes, on awaking, the room with many levels; the carriage's evacuees ('second sheep') become the room's 'drunken wastrels', etc.

==Page 5==
5.03 '''His name is Capt. Geoffrey ("Pirate") Prentice.''' 
Pirate’s name derives from Gilbert and Sullivan’s operetta ''The Pirates of Penzance'', in which the hero’s nurse has made a fateful error in carrying out her employer’s instructions: Instead of having the boy apprenticed to a (ship’s) '''pilot''', he was apprenticed to a pirate, hence a "'''pirate''' ‘prentice." The name, though, is not simply a fortuitous pun: In her error, the nurse has lost a message, like the hare of Herero myth, and thus guaranteed her young charge’s preterition. (There are also connections here to the theme of "communications entropy," which is central to ''The Crying of Lot 49'' and the short story "Entropy.")

5.03 '''He is wrapped in a thick blanket, a tartan of orange, rust, and scarlet. His skull feels made of metal.''' 

The rust in the tartan goes well with the metal-feeling skull. And there's a lot of metal in the preceding pages - lead, girders, the iron queen, the metal train tracks, etc. So it's appropriate that Prentice wakes feeling metallic.

5.22-24 '''a maisonette erected last century, not far from Chelsea Embankment, by Corydon Throsp, an acquaintance of the Rossettis' who wore hair smocks and liked to cultivate pharmaceutical plants up on the roof''' 

This is a pretty posh address for this lot, is it not? Kensington?

There appears to be no single maisonette near the Chelsea Embankment fitting the description of Pirate's: mullioned windows (p4), French windows, spiral ladder to the roof, parapets and a view of the Thames (p6), mediaeval windows (p93), roof ledges (p111), and of course a roof large and flat enough to hold a bananery, or some pigs. Rossetti, who we're told Throsp is on nodding terms with, and Swinburne lived at No. 16 Cheyne Walk; Rossetti kept a small zoo in the house, including peacocks (die Pfaue). Thomas Carlyle's house is nearby in Cheyne Row. There is a bust of Rossetti in the strip of park separating Cheyne Walk, where Keith Richards, not unfamiliar with Osbie Feel's kind of mushrooms, once lived, from the embankment.

Rossetti's wife died of a drug overdose, and he took to keeping wombats as pets; one of these wombats used to attend the dinner table, and was said to have provided the inspiration for the Dormouse character in Alice in Wonderland.

That Dormouse's advice - "feed your head" - was used at the end of Jefferson Airplane's mushroom flavoured, Alice-inspired song 'White Rabbit'. Way later on in the book, Slothrop has a dream in which a statue of the White Rabbit in Llandudno is giving him sage advice, but he loses it as he wakes. Oddly enough, the drug that killed Rossetti's wife was laudanum, which isn't very different from 'Llandudno'. Of course that's almost certainly just a coincidence, but all of the foregoing is the sort of stuff you find yourself digging up by chasing after the countless references Pynchon sews into the fabric of the book.

5.32 '''all got scumbled together, eventually, by the knives of the seasons, to an impasto, feet thick, of unbelievable black topsoil''' 

Didn't notice 'scumbled' first time round, I was going too fast. Second
read I looked it up. Scumbled? Isn't that some sort of painting
technique? Pynchon make a mistake there? Mean to say scrambled?
Hmmmmmmmm. Then I thought of the 'knives' bit, wondered if artists might
use a [http://painting.about.com/od/paintingforbeginners/a/Painting_Knife.htm palette knife] to do this scumbling business. A Google search for
"scumble knife palette " found me this:

http://www.messums.com/sub_newsview.ink?nid=11191

"Hard impasto ridges left by the edge of the knife provided the texture
I needed to bring the waves crashing in."

[http://www.thefreedictionary.com/impasto Impasto] eh? I thought that just meant paste. So the knives in "knives of
the seasons" makes perfect sense. And Dictionary.com throws up another
interesting nugget:

http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=scumbled

"To blur the outlines of: a writer who scumbled the line that divides
history and fiction."

Apt example!

A-and the wonderful phrase, "knives of the seasons" embodies another lifelong deep theme in Pynchon's work: that the 'wheeling' of time [see later in ''Gravity's Rainbow'' and ''Against the Day''], the cycle of nature, is an ineluctable good thing, even as it knifes us, ravages, us. It thickens us, impasto-like, gives us topsoil in our characters, so to speak.
 

==Page 6==
[[image:dna-molecule.jpg|thumb|100px|right]]6.09 '''a spiral ladder''' 
Suggests the double-helix structure of the DNA molecule that preserves the "living genetic chains" evoked at [[Pages 7-16#10|10.14]]. 
Double-helix structure like a mandala, pervasive in GR: 
"Mandala" is an ancient Sanskrit word meaning "sacred circle that protects the soul." It also refers to the sacred cosmograms that serve as core symbols of all cultures. Westerners have been fascinated for centuries about the mandalas of the Hindu-Buddhist cultures of Asia, most often painted geometric diagrams of great beauty and sophistication, that draw the viewer into a realm of balance, harmony, and calm. But such diagrams are actually architectural blueprints of the purified realm of bliss that we can only realize through enlightenment. They represent three-dimensional spaces of personal and communal exaltation, palaces for the regal confidence of love, compassion, and universal satisfaction of self and other. Understanding their role in anchoring the world-picture of a culture or a person provides a new insight into the "mandalas" of our own culture – the national space anchored by the Washington monument and its environs, or the personal cosmological space anchored by the models of the solar system, '''the DNA double-helix molecule''', and the atom. [http://www.amazon.com/Mandala-Enlightenment-Denise-Patry-Leidy/dp/1585678503 Mandala]
 

A recent scientific magazine also had an essay [citation needed] on the similarity of the double-helix sructure and the structure of the mandala. A-and, GR, containing mandalas, has been argued to be structured like a mandala. SPOILER of upcoming GR tropes: "Slothrop finds mandalas, sees mandalas in the sky and all around him, and becomes a mandala himself".
"mandalas are part of a spiritual or mythic panoply"...
From ''Thomas Pynchon, The Art of Illusion'' by David Cowart, p. 126.

Cf. p. 209, ''Mason & Dixon'': " oblique angles with all meridians and that is a spiral coiling round the poles but never reaching them."...

Cf. ''V.'' where the isle of Malta is also likened to a sort of mandala.

6 '''The great power station and the gasworks beyond''' Pirate is looking at the Battersea Power Station. Built in 1937, the Station is well known for appearing below a giant inflatable pig on the cover of Pink Floyd's 1977 album Animals. It has been defunct since 1983. At the time GR is set the plant had two smokestacks; today it has four. According to the London Encyclopedia (ed. C. Hibbert and B. Weinreb) a plaque commemorating Michael Faraday hangs on one wall, but it's not possible to confirm this as the entire site is fenced off. "The gasworks beyond" is the still operational British Gas plant just southeast of the power station. Viewed from Pirate's stretch of the Embankment it seems to lie more to the right of the power station than "beyond" it.

==Page 7==
7.09 '''Pick bananas''' 
Pirate's decision after a paragraph on the inevitablity of the rocket's flight can remind one of a famous Buddhist sutra on picking a strawberry:
The Sweetest Strawberry 
Buddha told a parable in a sutra: 
A man traveling across a field encountered a tiger. He fled, the tiger after him. Coming to a precipice, he caught hold of the root of a wild vine and swung himself down over the edge. The tiger sniffed at him from above. Trembling, the man looked down to where, far below, another tiger was waiting to eat him. Only the vine sustained him. Two mice, one white and one black, little by little started to gnaw away the vine. The man saw a luscious strawberry near him. Grasping the vine with one hand, he plucked the strawberry with the other. How sweet it tasted! 
-Paul Reps, ''Zen Flesh, Zen Bones'' 
from ''Everyday Mind'', edited by Jean Smith
[[http://www.tricycle.com/issues/2_174/dailydharma/3192-1.html]]

'''seven squares''' 
The use of the squares to separate chapters was suggested by the production department or editors of GR, not by Pynchon himself. See Edward Mendelson, "Gravity's Encyclopedia," fn. 4.

Gerald Howard, [http://www.bookforum.com/archive/sum_05/pynchon.html Bookforum]: ''"It is generally thought that the line of seven squares that serves as a graphic device to separate the unnumbered chapters in the novel is meant to suggest the sprocket holes in film reels, indicating that the book is to be "read" cinematically as a kind of film in prose. Wrong. In one of his letters Kennebeck refers pointedly to the "oblong holes" in censored correspondence from World War II soldiers, then termed V-mail (there's that letter again), and in a letter to Donald Barthelme accompanying a finished copy of the book, Kennebeck makes jocular mention of the sprocket-hole theory, first floated in the Poirier review, and comments, "I little knew what I was contributing to the history of literature." Sometimes a rectangle is just a rectangle—or maybe a censor's mark."''

A further angle on the squares is this: they are ''vignettes''. Regard the etymology and definition of the word (from Wiktionary http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/vignette)
:

''Etymology'':
First attested in 1751. From French vignette, diminutive of vigne (“vine”) < Latin vīnea < vīnum (“wine”).

''Definition'':

(architecture) A running ornament consisting of leaves and tendrils, used in Gothic architecture.

(printing) A decorative design, originally representing vine branches or tendrils, at the head of a chapter, of a manuscript or printed book, or in a similar position.

(by extension) Any small borderless picture in a book, especially an engraving, photograph, or the like, which vanishes gradually at the edge.

(by extension) A short story that presents a scene or tableau, or paints a picture.

The small picture on a postage stamp.

Lends new meaning to the line "Tonight they will shoot ''wine''."

{{GR PbP}}

Pages 3-7

2010-05-04T18:06:19Z

Gruff: /* Page 6 */ added bit on the Battersea Power Station

{{GR PbP Text}}

==Page 3==

3.01 '''A''' 
The shape of the first letter recalls both the eye of the pyramid and the rocket standing on its fins. A is also a sort of reverse V - the V-2 was also known as the A-4. Finally compare the first and last typographical characters in the book: '''A''' and '''--'''. If the first is the rocket waiting to fly, the last is the flattened impact site with nothing left standing.

3.01 '''A screaming comes across the sky.''' 
Note the internal alliteration of K and S, and the double s in "across", the first of many.

3.03 '''The Evacuation''' 
First instance in ''Gravity's Rainbow'' of a lifetime stylistic trait of Pynchon's: unpredictable use of Capitalization. Capitalization is usually applied to nouns, but not uniformly. Often a matter of emphasis. See ''Mason & Dixon'' for the widest use, there imitating the writing of the time in which the book is set. 
The use throughout all his work might indicate how well-read and influenced by works written before capitalization was standardized Pynchon is. 
The full rules of capitalization for English are complicated. The rules have also changed over time, generally to capitalize fewer terms; to the modern reader, an 18th century document seems to use initial capitals excessively. Wikipedia
Also note the double-entendre: "evacuation" can mean "shit".

3.03 '''theatre''' 
Besides the normal meanings, including "theater of war", 'theatre' is the name that fireworks' organizers call a sky display.

3.05 '''iron queen''' 
a queensize bed made of iron. Hardly made after 1900. Queen Victoria had a famous brass (and iron) one in the Crystal Palace! "Beds made of hollow tubes of steel, iron, and brass came to be manufactured in the mid 19th century.
These were to be used both by soldiers and civilians. Their main advantage at that time was that unlike wooden beds, these could not be infested with bedbugs. Queen Victoria's brass bed at the Crystal Palace has been the most famous antique brass bed. 
By the late 19th century, metal beds were nearly out of fashion." Antique beds [[http://www.bestinbeds.com/beds/antique-bed.html]]

Also, In The Odyssey, when Odysseus goes to the Underworld, he refers to Persephone as '''the Iron Queen'''. Of the four gods of Empedocles' elements it is the name of Persephone alone that is taboo, for the Greeks knew another face of Persephone as well. She was also the terrible Queen of the dead, whose name was not safe to speak aloud, who was named simply "The Maiden". Wikipedia
[[http://www.en.wikipedia.org/Persephone]]

3.07 '''crystal palace''' 
See Alpha entry, especially this re cultural meaning: 
The Crystal Palace made a strong impression on visitors coming from all over Europe, including a number of writers. It soon became a symbol of modernity and civilization, hailed by some and decried by others.

In ''What Is to Be Done?'', Russian author and philosopher Nikolai Chernyshevsky pledges to transform the society into a Crystal Palace thanks to a socialist revolution. 
Fyodor Dostoevsky implicitly replied to Chernyshevsky in ''Notes from Underground''. The narrator thinks that human nature will prefer destruction and chaos to the harmony symbolized by the Crystal Palace.

When the first major international exhibition of arts and industries was held in London in 1851, the London Crystal Palace epitomized the achievements of the entire world at a time when progress was racing forward at a speed never before known to mankind. The Great Exhibition marked the beginning of a tradition of world's fairs, which would be held in major cities all across the globe. Following the success of the London fair, it was inevitable that other nations would soon try their hand at organizing their own exhibitions. In fact, the next international fair was held only two years later, in 1853, in New York City. This fair would have its own Crystal Palace to symbolize not only the achievements of the world, but also the nationalistic pride of a relatively young nation and all that she stood for. Walt Whitman, the great American poet, wrote in "The Song of the Exposition": 
http://www.ric.edu/rpotter/cryspal.html

That the Crystal Palace Exhibition "marked the beginning of a tradition of world's fairs" can remind that ''Against the Day'' starts at the Columbian Exhibition of 1893 in Chicago. More international optimism.

3.14 '''second sheep''' 
Compare the narrator’s discussion of William Slothrop’s heretical tract "On Preterition," which argued for the holiness of the preterite, and Weisenburger’s note at [[Pages 549-557#555|555.29-31]].

A wide symbology relates to sheep in ancient art, traditions and culture. Judaism uses many sheep references including the Passover lamb. Christianity uses sheep-related images, such as: Christ as the good shepherd, or as the sacrificed Lamb of God (Agnus Dei); the bishop's Pastoral; the lion lying down with the lamb (a reference to all of creation being at peace, without suffering, predation or otherwise). Greek Easter celebrations traditionally feature a meal of Paschal lamb. Sheep also have considerable importance in Arab culture; Eid ul-Adha is a major annual festival in Islam in which a sheep is sacrificed. 
Herding sheep plays an important historico-symbolic part in the Jewish and Christian faiths, since Abraham, Jacob, Moses, and King David all worked as shepherds. wikipedia
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheep] 

Sheep are often associated with obedience due to the widespread perception that they lack intelligence and their undoubted herd mentality, hence the pejorative connotation of the adjective 'ovine'. In George Orwell's satirical novel ''Animal Farm'', sheep are used to represent the ignorant and uneducated masses of revolutionary Russia. The sheep are unable to be taught the subtleties of revolutionary ideology and can only be taught repetitive slogans such as "Four legs good, two legs bad" which they bleat in unison at rallies. The rock group Pink Floyd wrote a song using sheep as a symbol for ordinary people, that is, everyone who isn't a pig or dog. People who accept overbearing governments have been pejoratively referred to as "sheeple". wikipedia [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheep] 

3.19 '''half-silvered''' 
adj. (of a mirror) having an incomplete reflective coating, so that half the incident light is reflected and half transmitted: used in optical instruments and two-way mirrors. Collins Dictionary 
See the splitting of light all through ''Against the Day'', Pynchon's 2006
novel.

3.19 '''view finder''' 
as two words, this seems to refer to handheld devices in which slides were slid and viewed in 3-dimensions. Here is a version still being made
[http://porters.com/Merchant2/merchant.mvc?Screen=PROD&Store_Code=PCS&Product_Code=520098&Product_Count=&Category_Code= view finder]. "half-silvered" above seems most correct with this kind of device.

3.22 '''They pass in line''' 
A Pynchonian leitmotif. The linearity of lining up has resonances throughout his work, articulated most straightforwardly in ''Against the Day'', which starts with "Single up all Lines!", and perhaps dealt with
most profoundly in ''Mason & Dixon'', a novel about creating the "Mason & Dixon line".

3.25 '''Rain comes down''' 
Pynchon's first published story is called ''The Small Rain''. See his remarks on rain in fiction in ''Slow Learner''.

3.30 '''naptha winters''' 
Naptha is the flammable liquid obtained from the distillation of coal and used to fire gaslights and heaters. ...

3.32 '''rolling-stock absence''' 
Rolling stock is the collective term that describes all the vehicles which move on a railway.

3.35 '''Absolute Zero''' 
Theoretical state when no molecules move. [http://www.pa.msu.edu/sciencet/ask_st/012992.html..Absolute Zero]. State
of entropy, a key concept of Thomas Pynchon's. See early story, ''Entropy'' in ''Slow Learner''.

3.36 '''places whose ''names he has never heard''''' 
'secret cities of poor', deep under these fallen girders. Places
that have never been spoken of, yet exist. Lower than ''Low-lands''. 
Later in Pynchon's world,in other books, ''Mason & Dixon'' and ''Against the Day'', we will travel deeper underground, to places with no names we know, it seems. See a "progressive ''knotting into''", 3.26 in GR.

3.37 '''the walls break down''' 
See "wall of death" later in ''Gravity's Rainbow''. A-and in ''Against the Day''.

===Page 4===
4.01 '''getting narrower...cornering tighter and tighter''' 
Cf. the rationalization of choice and similar phrasing in ''Against the Day'', pynchon wiki p. [http://against-the-day.pynchonwiki.com/wiki/index.php?title=ATD_1-25 10]

4.05 '''caravan''' 
1) a procession, in single file, of merchants or pilgrims
2) a procession of mules, camels or certain other animals. Sources: Online dictionary and wikipedia. 3) ''Caravan'' is a song by Van Morrison included on his 1970 album, ''Moondance''. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caravan_%28Van_Morrison_song%29 Caravan] 
Pilgrim has Pynchonian resonances, especially in ''Against the Day''. A-And, once again, notice the singleing up of lines.

4.07 '''cockade''' 
1) n. An ornament, such as a rosette or knot of ribbon, usually worn on the hat as a badge. [Alteration of obsolete cockard , from French.] 

2) Operational code name for Allied deception operations intended to draw attention away from Normandy prior to D-Day
[http://www.secondworldwar.co.uk/glossc.html]

Cf. pun: cock aid, esp. as Slothrop's 'condition' within ''Gravity's Rainbow'' is revealed.

4.07 '''the color of lead''' 
cockades are usually brightly colored. Lead is not. 

Lead is a malleable toxic metallic element, bluish-white in color that
tarnishes to a dull gray. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lead Lead] 

Lead is the only currency-carrying element which does not absorb nor emit heat. Entropic, so to speak. Another resonance for "toward the zero"? 

Lead is what bullets are made of.

4.12 '''corridors straight and functional''' 
More forced linearity.

4.31 '''But it is already light...light has come percolating in''' 
See also the opening lines of Pynchon's next book, 'Vineland', which begins with someone waking from a (possibly prophetic) dream, with light streaming in.

4.37 '''the different levels of the enormous room''' 
The transition from dream to waking is so subtle, and beautifully done, right down to little details, such as how the dreamer's real and dreamt surroundings cross over: the multi-levelled carriage of the dream becomes, on awaking, the room with many levels; the carriage's evacuees ('second sheep') become the room's 'drunken wastrels', etc.

==Page 5==
5.03 '''His name is Capt. Geoffrey ("Pirate") Prentice.''' 
Pirate’s name derives from Gilbert and Sullivan’s operetta ''The Pirates of Penzance'', in which the hero’s nurse has made a fateful error in carrying out her employer’s instructions: Instead of having the boy apprenticed to a (ship’s) '''pilot''', he was apprenticed to a pirate, hence a "'''pirate''' ‘prentice." The name, though, is not simply a fortuitous pun: In her error, the nurse has lost a message, like the hare of Herero myth, and thus guaranteed her young charge’s preterition. (There are also connections here to the theme of "communications entropy," which is central to ''The Crying of Lot 49'' and the short story "Entropy.")

5.03 '''He is wrapped in a thick blanket, a tartan of orange, rust, and scarlet. His skull feels made of metal.''' 

The rust in the tartan goes well with the metal-feeling skull. And there's a lot of metal in the preceding pages - lead, girders, the iron queen, the metal train tracks, etc. So it's appropriate that Prentice wakes feeling metallic.

5.22-24 '''a maisonette erected last century, not far from Chelsea Embankment, by Corydon Throsp, an acquaintance of the Rossettis' who wore hair smocks and liked to cultivate pharmaceutical plants up on the roof''' 

This is a pretty posh address for this lot, is it not? Kensington?

There appears to be no single maisonette near the Chelsea Embankment fitting the description of Pirate's: mullioned windows (p4), French windows, spiral ladder to the roof, parapets and a view of the Thames (p6), mediaeval windows (p93), roof ledges (p111), and of course a roof large and flat enough to hold a bananery, or some pigs. Rossetti, who we're told Throsp is on nodding terms with, and Swinburne lived at No. 16 Cheyne Walk; Rossetti kept a small zoo in the house, including peacocks (die Pfaue). Thomas Carlyle's house is nearby in Cheyne Row. There is a bust of Rossetti in the strip of park separating Cheyne Walk, where Keith Richards, not unfamiliar with Osbie Feel's kind of mushrooms, once lived, from the embankment.

Rossetti's wife died of a drug overdose, and he took to keeping wombats as pets; one of these wombats used to attend the dinner table, and was said to have provided the inspiration for the Dormouse character in Alice in Wonderland.

That Dormouse's advice - "feed your head" - was used at the end of Jefferson Airplane's mushroom flavoured, Alice-inspired song 'White Rabbit'. Way later on in the book, Slothrop has a dream in which a statue of the White Rabbit in Llandudno is giving him sage advice, but he loses it as he wakes. Oddly enough, the drug that killed Rossetti's wife was laudanum, which isn't very different from 'Llandudno'. Of course that's almost certainly just a coincidence, but all of the foregoing is the sort of stuff you find yourself digging up by chasing after the countless references Pynchon sews into the fabric of the book.

5.32 '''all got scumbled together, eventually, by the knives of the seasons, to an impasto, feet thick, of unbelievable black topsoil''' 

Didn't notice 'scumbled' first time round, I was going too fast. Second
read I looked it up. Scumbled? Isn't that some sort of painting
technique? Pynchon make a mistake there? Mean to say scrambled?
Hmmmmmmmm. Then I thought of the 'knives' bit, wondered if artists might
use a [http://painting.about.com/od/paintingforbeginners/a/Painting_Knife.htm palette knife] to do this scumbling business. A Google search for
"scumble knife palette " found me this:

http://www.messums.com/sub_newsview.ink?nid=11191

"Hard impasto ridges left by the edge of the knife provided the texture
I needed to bring the waves crashing in."

[http://www.thefreedictionary.com/impasto Impasto] eh? I thought that just meant paste. So the knives in "knives of
the seasons" makes perfect sense. And Dictionary.com throws up another
interesting nugget:

http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=scumbled

"To blur the outlines of: a writer who scumbled the line that divides
history and fiction."

Apt example!

A-and the wonderful phrase, "knives of the seasons" embodies another lifelong deep theme in Pynchon's work: that the 'wheeling' of time [see later in ''Gravity's Rainbow'' and ''Against the Day''], the cycle of nature, is an ineluctable good thing, even as it knifes us, ravages, us. It thickens us, impasto-like, gives us topsoil in our characters, so to speak.
 

==Page 6==
[[image:dna-molecule.jpg|thumb|100px|right]]6.09 '''a spiral ladder''' 
Suggests the double-helix structure of the DNA molecule that preserves the "living genetic chains" evoked at [[Pages 7-16#10|10.14]]. 
Double-helix structure like a mandala, pervasive in GR: 
"Mandala" is an ancient Sanskrit word meaning "sacred circle that protects the soul." It also refers to the sacred cosmograms that serve as core symbols of all cultures. Westerners have been fascinated for centuries about the mandalas of the Hindu-Buddhist cultures of Asia, most often painted geometric diagrams of great beauty and sophistication, that draw the viewer into a realm of balance, harmony, and calm. But such diagrams are actually architectural blueprints of the purified realm of bliss that we can only realize through enlightenment. They represent three-dimensional spaces of personal and communal exaltation, palaces for the regal confidence of love, compassion, and universal satisfaction of self and other. Understanding their role in anchoring the world-picture of a culture or a person provides a new insight into the "mandalas" of our own culture – the national space anchored by the Washington monument and its environs, or the personal cosmological space anchored by the models of the solar system, '''the DNA double-helix molecule''', and the atom. [http://www.amazon.com/Mandala-Enlightenment-Denise-Patry-Leidy/dp/1585678503 Mandala]
 

A recent scientific magazine also had an essay [citation needed] on the similarity of the double-helix sructure and the structure of the mandala. A-and, GR, containing mandalas, has been argued to be structured like a mandala. SPOILER of upcoming GR tropes: "Slothrop finds mandalas, sees mandalas in the sky and all around him, and becomes a mandala himself".
"mandalas are part of a spiritual or mythic panoply"...
From ''Thomas Pynchon, The Art of Illusion'' by David Cowart, p. 126.

Cf. p. 209, ''Mason & Dixon'': " oblique angles with all meridians and that is a spiral coiling round the poles but never reaching them."...

Cf. ''V.'' where the isle of Malta is also likened to a sort of mandala.

6 '''The great power station and the gasworks beyond''' Pirate is looking at the Battersea Power Station. Built in 1937, the Station is well known for appearing below a giant inflatable pig on the cover of Pink Floyd's 1977 album Animals. It has been defunct since 1983. At the time GR is set the plant had two smokestacks; today it has four. According to the London Encyclopedia (ed. C. Hibbert and B. Weinreb) a plaque commemorating Michael Faraday hangs on one wall, but it's not possible to confirm this as the entire site is fenced off. "The gasworks beyond" is the still operational British Gas plant just southeast of the power station. Viewed from Pirate's stretch of the Embankment it seems to lie more to the right of the power station than "beyond" it.

==Page 7==
7.09 '''Pick bananas''' 
Pirate's decision after a paragraph on the inevitablity of the rocket's flight can remind one of a famous Buddhist sutra on picking a strawberry:
The Sweetest Strawberry 
Buddha told a parable in a sutra: 
A man traveling across a field encountered a tiger. He fled, the tiger after him. Coming to a precipice, he caught hold of the root of a wild vine and swung himself down over the edge. The tiger sniffed at him from above. Trembling, the man looked down to where, far below, another tiger was waiting to eat him. Only the vine sustained him. Two mice, one white and one black, little by little started to gnaw away the vine. The man saw a luscious strawberry near him. Grasping the vine with one hand, he plucked the strawberry with the other. How sweet it tasted! 
-Paul Reps, ''Zen Flesh, Zen Bones'' 
from ''Everyday Mind'', edited by Jean Smith
[[http://www.tricycle.com/issues/2_174/dailydharma/3192-1.html]]

'''seven squares''' 
The use of the squares to separate chapters was suggested by the production department or editors of GR, not by Pynchon himself. See Edward Mendelson, "Gravity's Encyclopedia," fn. 4.

Gerald Howard, [http://www.bookforum.com/archive/sum_05/pynchon.html Bookforum]: ''"It is generally thought that the line of seven squares that serves as a graphic device to separate the unnumbered chapters in the novel is meant to suggest the sprocket holes in film reels, indicating that the book is to be "read" cinematically as a kind of film in prose. Wrong. In one of his letters Kennebeck refers pointedly to the "oblong holes" in censored correspondence from World War II soldiers, then termed V-mail (there's that letter again), and in a letter to Donald Barthelme accompanying a finished copy of the book, Kennebeck makes jocular mention of the sprocket-hole theory, first floated in the Poirier review, and comments, "I little knew what I was contributing to the history of literature." Sometimes a rectangle is just a rectangle—or maybe a censor's mark."''

A further angle on the squares is this: they are ''vignettes''. Regard the etymology and definition of the word (from Wiktionary http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/vignette)
:

'''Etymology''':
First attested in 1751. From French vignette, diminutive of vigne (“vine”) < Latin vīnea < vīnum (“wine”).

'''Definition''':

(architecture) A running ornament consisting of leaves and tendrils, used in Gothic architecture.

(printing) A decorative design, originally representing vine branches or tendrils, at the head of a chapter, of a manuscript or printed book, or in a similar position.

(by extension) Any small borderless picture in a book, especially an engraving, photograph, or the like, which vanishes gradually at the edge.

(by extension) A short story that presents a scene or tableau, or paints a picture.

The small picture on a postage stamp.

Lends new meaning to the line "Tonight they will shoot ''wine''."

{{GR PbP}}

Pages 3-7

2010-05-04T18:02:58Z

Gruff: /* Page 5 */ more on Pirate's house

{{GR PbP Text}}

==Page 3==

3.01 '''A''' 
The shape of the first letter recalls both the eye of the pyramid and the rocket standing on its fins. A is also a sort of reverse V - the V-2 was also known as the A-4. Finally compare the first and last typographical characters in the book: '''A''' and '''--'''. If the first is the rocket waiting to fly, the last is the flattened impact site with nothing left standing.

3.01 '''A screaming comes across the sky.''' 
Note the internal alliteration of K and S, and the double s in "across", the first of many.

3.03 '''The Evacuation''' 
First instance in ''Gravity's Rainbow'' of a lifetime stylistic trait of Pynchon's: unpredictable use of Capitalization. Capitalization is usually applied to nouns, but not uniformly. Often a matter of emphasis. See ''Mason & Dixon'' for the widest use, there imitating the writing of the time in which the book is set. 
The use throughout all his work might indicate how well-read and influenced by works written before capitalization was standardized Pynchon is. 
The full rules of capitalization for English are complicated. The rules have also changed over time, generally to capitalize fewer terms; to the modern reader, an 18th century document seems to use initial capitals excessively. Wikipedia
Also note the double-entendre: "evacuation" can mean "shit".

3.03 '''theatre''' 
Besides the normal meanings, including "theater of war", 'theatre' is the name that fireworks' organizers call a sky display.

3.05 '''iron queen''' 
a queensize bed made of iron. Hardly made after 1900. Queen Victoria had a famous brass (and iron) one in the Crystal Palace! "Beds made of hollow tubes of steel, iron, and brass came to be manufactured in the mid 19th century.
These were to be used both by soldiers and civilians. Their main advantage at that time was that unlike wooden beds, these could not be infested with bedbugs. Queen Victoria's brass bed at the Crystal Palace has been the most famous antique brass bed. 
By the late 19th century, metal beds were nearly out of fashion." Antique beds [[http://www.bestinbeds.com/beds/antique-bed.html]]

Also, In The Odyssey, when Odysseus goes to the Underworld, he refers to Persephone as '''the Iron Queen'''. Of the four gods of Empedocles' elements it is the name of Persephone alone that is taboo, for the Greeks knew another face of Persephone as well. She was also the terrible Queen of the dead, whose name was not safe to speak aloud, who was named simply "The Maiden". Wikipedia
[[http://www.en.wikipedia.org/Persephone]]

3.07 '''crystal palace''' 
See Alpha entry, especially this re cultural meaning: 
The Crystal Palace made a strong impression on visitors coming from all over Europe, including a number of writers. It soon became a symbol of modernity and civilization, hailed by some and decried by others.

In ''What Is to Be Done?'', Russian author and philosopher Nikolai Chernyshevsky pledges to transform the society into a Crystal Palace thanks to a socialist revolution. 
Fyodor Dostoevsky implicitly replied to Chernyshevsky in ''Notes from Underground''. The narrator thinks that human nature will prefer destruction and chaos to the harmony symbolized by the Crystal Palace.

When the first major international exhibition of arts and industries was held in London in 1851, the London Crystal Palace epitomized the achievements of the entire world at a time when progress was racing forward at a speed never before known to mankind. The Great Exhibition marked the beginning of a tradition of world's fairs, which would be held in major cities all across the globe. Following the success of the London fair, it was inevitable that other nations would soon try their hand at organizing their own exhibitions. In fact, the next international fair was held only two years later, in 1853, in New York City. This fair would have its own Crystal Palace to symbolize not only the achievements of the world, but also the nationalistic pride of a relatively young nation and all that she stood for. Walt Whitman, the great American poet, wrote in "The Song of the Exposition": 
http://www.ric.edu/rpotter/cryspal.html

That the Crystal Palace Exhibition "marked the beginning of a tradition of world's fairs" can remind that ''Against the Day'' starts at the Columbian Exhibition of 1893 in Chicago. More international optimism.

3.14 '''second sheep''' 
Compare the narrator’s discussion of William Slothrop’s heretical tract "On Preterition," which argued for the holiness of the preterite, and Weisenburger’s note at [[Pages 549-557#555|555.29-31]].

A wide symbology relates to sheep in ancient art, traditions and culture. Judaism uses many sheep references including the Passover lamb. Christianity uses sheep-related images, such as: Christ as the good shepherd, or as the sacrificed Lamb of God (Agnus Dei); the bishop's Pastoral; the lion lying down with the lamb (a reference to all of creation being at peace, without suffering, predation or otherwise). Greek Easter celebrations traditionally feature a meal of Paschal lamb. Sheep also have considerable importance in Arab culture; Eid ul-Adha is a major annual festival in Islam in which a sheep is sacrificed. 
Herding sheep plays an important historico-symbolic part in the Jewish and Christian faiths, since Abraham, Jacob, Moses, and King David all worked as shepherds. wikipedia
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheep] 

Sheep are often associated with obedience due to the widespread perception that they lack intelligence and their undoubted herd mentality, hence the pejorative connotation of the adjective 'ovine'. In George Orwell's satirical novel ''Animal Farm'', sheep are used to represent the ignorant and uneducated masses of revolutionary Russia. The sheep are unable to be taught the subtleties of revolutionary ideology and can only be taught repetitive slogans such as "Four legs good, two legs bad" which they bleat in unison at rallies. The rock group Pink Floyd wrote a song using sheep as a symbol for ordinary people, that is, everyone who isn't a pig or dog. People who accept overbearing governments have been pejoratively referred to as "sheeple". wikipedia [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheep] 

3.19 '''half-silvered''' 
adj. (of a mirror) having an incomplete reflective coating, so that half the incident light is reflected and half transmitted: used in optical instruments and two-way mirrors. Collins Dictionary 
See the splitting of light all through ''Against the Day'', Pynchon's 2006
novel.

3.19 '''view finder''' 
as two words, this seems to refer to handheld devices in which slides were slid and viewed in 3-dimensions. Here is a version still being made
[http://porters.com/Merchant2/merchant.mvc?Screen=PROD&Store_Code=PCS&Product_Code=520098&Product_Count=&Category_Code= view finder]. "half-silvered" above seems most correct with this kind of device.

3.22 '''They pass in line''' 
A Pynchonian leitmotif. The linearity of lining up has resonances throughout his work, articulated most straightforwardly in ''Against the Day'', which starts with "Single up all Lines!", and perhaps dealt with
most profoundly in ''Mason & Dixon'', a novel about creating the "Mason & Dixon line".

3.25 '''Rain comes down''' 
Pynchon's first published story is called ''The Small Rain''. See his remarks on rain in fiction in ''Slow Learner''.

3.30 '''naptha winters''' 
Naptha is the flammable liquid obtained from the distillation of coal and used to fire gaslights and heaters. ...

3.32 '''rolling-stock absence''' 
Rolling stock is the collective term that describes all the vehicles which move on a railway.

3.35 '''Absolute Zero''' 
Theoretical state when no molecules move. [http://www.pa.msu.edu/sciencet/ask_st/012992.html..Absolute Zero]. State
of entropy, a key concept of Thomas Pynchon's. See early story, ''Entropy'' in ''Slow Learner''.

3.36 '''places whose ''names he has never heard''''' 
'secret cities of poor', deep under these fallen girders. Places
that have never been spoken of, yet exist. Lower than ''Low-lands''. 
Later in Pynchon's world,in other books, ''Mason & Dixon'' and ''Against the Day'', we will travel deeper underground, to places with no names we know, it seems. See a "progressive ''knotting into''", 3.26 in GR.

3.37 '''the walls break down''' 
See "wall of death" later in ''Gravity's Rainbow''. A-and in ''Against the Day''.

===Page 4===
4.01 '''getting narrower...cornering tighter and tighter''' 
Cf. the rationalization of choice and similar phrasing in ''Against the Day'', pynchon wiki p. [http://against-the-day.pynchonwiki.com/wiki/index.php?title=ATD_1-25 10]

4.05 '''caravan''' 
1) a procession, in single file, of merchants or pilgrims
2) a procession of mules, camels or certain other animals. Sources: Online dictionary and wikipedia. 3) ''Caravan'' is a song by Van Morrison included on his 1970 album, ''Moondance''. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caravan_%28Van_Morrison_song%29 Caravan] 
Pilgrim has Pynchonian resonances, especially in ''Against the Day''. A-And, once again, notice the singleing up of lines.

4.07 '''cockade''' 
1) n. An ornament, such as a rosette or knot of ribbon, usually worn on the hat as a badge. [Alteration of obsolete cockard , from French.] 

2) Operational code name for Allied deception operations intended to draw attention away from Normandy prior to D-Day
[http://www.secondworldwar.co.uk/glossc.html]

Cf. pun: cock aid, esp. as Slothrop's 'condition' within ''Gravity's Rainbow'' is revealed.

4.07 '''the color of lead''' 
cockades are usually brightly colored. Lead is not. 

Lead is a malleable toxic metallic element, bluish-white in color that
tarnishes to a dull gray. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lead Lead] 

Lead is the only currency-carrying element which does not absorb nor emit heat. Entropic, so to speak. Another resonance for "toward the zero"? 

Lead is what bullets are made of.

4.12 '''corridors straight and functional''' 
More forced linearity.

4.31 '''But it is already light...light has come percolating in''' 
See also the opening lines of Pynchon's next book, 'Vineland', which begins with someone waking from a (possibly prophetic) dream, with light streaming in.

4.37 '''the different levels of the enormous room''' 
The transition from dream to waking is so subtle, and beautifully done, right down to little details, such as how the dreamer's real and dreamt surroundings cross over: the multi-levelled carriage of the dream becomes, on awaking, the room with many levels; the carriage's evacuees ('second sheep') become the room's 'drunken wastrels', etc.

==Page 5==
5.03 '''His name is Capt. Geoffrey ("Pirate") Prentice.''' 
Pirate’s name derives from Gilbert and Sullivan’s operetta ''The Pirates of Penzance'', in which the hero’s nurse has made a fateful error in carrying out her employer’s instructions: Instead of having the boy apprenticed to a (ship’s) '''pilot''', he was apprenticed to a pirate, hence a "'''pirate''' ‘prentice." The name, though, is not simply a fortuitous pun: In her error, the nurse has lost a message, like the hare of Herero myth, and thus guaranteed her young charge’s preterition. (There are also connections here to the theme of "communications entropy," which is central to ''The Crying of Lot 49'' and the short story "Entropy.")

5.03 '''He is wrapped in a thick blanket, a tartan of orange, rust, and scarlet. His skull feels made of metal.''' 

The rust in the tartan goes well with the metal-feeling skull. And there's a lot of metal in the preceding pages - lead, girders, the iron queen, the metal train tracks, etc. So it's appropriate that Prentice wakes feeling metallic.

5.22-24 '''a maisonette erected last century, not far from Chelsea Embankment, by Corydon Throsp, an acquaintance of the Rossettis' who wore hair smocks and liked to cultivate pharmaceutical plants up on the roof''' 

This is a pretty posh address for this lot, is it not? Kensington?

There appears to be no single maisonette near the Chelsea Embankment fitting the description of Pirate's: mullioned windows (p4), French windows, spiral ladder to the roof, parapets and a view of the Thames (p6), mediaeval windows (p93), roof ledges (p111), and of course a roof large and flat enough to hold a bananery, or some pigs. Rossetti, who we're told Throsp is on nodding terms with, and Swinburne lived at No. 16 Cheyne Walk; Rossetti kept a small zoo in the house, including peacocks (die Pfaue). Thomas Carlyle's house is nearby in Cheyne Row. There is a bust of Rossetti in the strip of park separating Cheyne Walk, where Keith Richards, not unfamiliar with Osbie Feel's kind of mushrooms, once lived, from the embankment.

Rossetti's wife died of a drug overdose, and he took to keeping wombats as pets; one of these wombats used to attend the dinner table, and was said to have provided the inspiration for the Dormouse character in Alice in Wonderland.

That Dormouse's advice - "feed your head" - was used at the end of Jefferson Airplane's mushroom flavoured, Alice-inspired song 'White Rabbit'. Way later on in the book, Slothrop has a dream in which a statue of the White Rabbit in Llandudno is giving him sage advice, but he loses it as he wakes. Oddly enough, the drug that killed Rossetti's wife was laudanum, which isn't very different from 'Llandudno'. Of course that's almost certainly just a coincidence, but all of the foregoing is the sort of stuff you find yourself digging up by chasing after the countless references Pynchon sews into the fabric of the book.

5.32 '''all got scumbled together, eventually, by the knives of the seasons, to an impasto, feet thick, of unbelievable black topsoil''' 

Didn't notice 'scumbled' first time round, I was going too fast. Second
read I looked it up. Scumbled? Isn't that some sort of painting
technique? Pynchon make a mistake there? Mean to say scrambled?
Hmmmmmmmm. Then I thought of the 'knives' bit, wondered if artists might
use a [http://painting.about.com/od/paintingforbeginners/a/Painting_Knife.htm palette knife] to do this scumbling business. A Google search for
"scumble knife palette " found me this:

http://www.messums.com/sub_newsview.ink?nid=11191

"Hard impasto ridges left by the edge of the knife provided the texture
I needed to bring the waves crashing in."

[http://www.thefreedictionary.com/impasto Impasto] eh? I thought that just meant paste. So the knives in "knives of
the seasons" makes perfect sense. And Dictionary.com throws up another
interesting nugget:

http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=scumbled

"To blur the outlines of: a writer who scumbled the line that divides
history and fiction."

Apt example!

A-and the wonderful phrase, "knives of the seasons" embodies another lifelong deep theme in Pynchon's work: that the 'wheeling' of time [see later in ''Gravity's Rainbow'' and ''Against the Day''], the cycle of nature, is an ineluctable good thing, even as it knifes us, ravages, us. It thickens us, impasto-like, gives us topsoil in our characters, so to speak.
 

==Page 6==

[[image:dna-molecule.jpg|thumb|100px|right]]6.09 '''a spiral ladder''' 
Suggests the double-helix structure of the DNA molecule that preserves the "living genetic chains" evoked at [[Pages 7-16#10|10.14]]. 
Double-helix structure like a mandala, pervasive in GR: 
"Mandala" is an ancient Sanskrit word meaning "sacred circle that protects the soul." It also refers to the sacred cosmograms that serve as core symbols of all cultures. Westerners have been fascinated for centuries about the mandalas of the Hindu-Buddhist cultures of Asia, most often painted geometric diagrams of great beauty and sophistication, that draw the viewer into a realm of balance, harmony, and calm. But such diagrams are actually architectural blueprints of the purified realm of bliss that we can only realize through enlightenment. They represent three-dimensional spaces of personal and communal exaltation, palaces for the regal confidence of love, compassion, and universal satisfaction of self and other. Understanding their role in anchoring the world-picture of a culture or a person provides a new insight into the "mandalas" of our own culture – the national space anchored by the Washington monument and its environs, or the personal cosmological space anchored by the models of the solar system, '''the DNA double-helix molecule''', and the atom. [http://www.amazon.com/Mandala-Enlightenment-Denise-Patry-Leidy/dp/1585678503 Mandala]
 

A recent scientific magazine also had an essay [citation needed] on the similarity of the double-helix sructure and the structure of the mandala. A-and, GR, containing mandalas, has been argued to be structured like a mandala. SPOILER of upcoming GR tropes: "Slothrop finds mandalas, sees mandalas in the sky and all around him, and becomes a mandala himself".
"mandalas are part of a spiritual or mythic panoply"...
From ''Thomas Pynchon, The Art of Illusion'' by David Cowart, p. 126.

Cf. p. 209, ''Mason & Dixon'': " oblique angles with all meridians and that is a spiral coiling round the poles but never reaching them."...

Cf. ''V.'' where the isle of Malta is also likened to a sort of mandala.

==Page 7==
7.09 '''Pick bananas''' 
Pirate's decision after a paragraph on the inevitablity of the rocket's flight can remind one of a famous Buddhist sutra on picking a strawberry:
The Sweetest Strawberry 
Buddha told a parable in a sutra: 
A man traveling across a field encountered a tiger. He fled, the tiger after him. Coming to a precipice, he caught hold of the root of a wild vine and swung himself down over the edge. The tiger sniffed at him from above. Trembling, the man looked down to where, far below, another tiger was waiting to eat him. Only the vine sustained him. Two mice, one white and one black, little by little started to gnaw away the vine. The man saw a luscious strawberry near him. Grasping the vine with one hand, he plucked the strawberry with the other. How sweet it tasted! 
-Paul Reps, ''Zen Flesh, Zen Bones'' 
from ''Everyday Mind'', edited by Jean Smith
[[http://www.tricycle.com/issues/2_174/dailydharma/3192-1.html]]

'''seven squares''' 
The use of the squares to separate chapters was suggested by the production department or editors of GR, not by Pynchon himself. See Edward Mendelson, "Gravity's Encyclopedia," fn. 4.

Gerald Howard, [http://www.bookforum.com/archive/sum_05/pynchon.html Bookforum]: ''"It is generally thought that the line of seven squares that serves as a graphic device to separate the unnumbered chapters in the novel is meant to suggest the sprocket holes in film reels, indicating that the book is to be "read" cinematically as a kind of film in prose. Wrong. In one of his letters Kennebeck refers pointedly to the "oblong holes" in censored correspondence from World War II soldiers, then termed V-mail (there's that letter again), and in a letter to Donald Barthelme accompanying a finished copy of the book, Kennebeck makes jocular mention of the sprocket-hole theory, first floated in the Poirier review, and comments, "I little knew what I was contributing to the history of literature." Sometimes a rectangle is just a rectangle—or maybe a censor's mark."''

A further angle on the squares is this: they are ''vignettes''. Regard the etymology and definition of the word (from Wiktionary http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/vignette)
:

'''Etymology''':
First attested in 1751. From French vignette, diminutive of vigne (“vine”) < Latin vīnea < vīnum (“wine”).

'''Definition''':

(architecture) A running ornament consisting of leaves and tendrils, used in Gothic architecture.

(printing) A decorative design, originally representing vine branches or tendrils, at the head of a chapter, of a manuscript or printed book, or in a similar position.

(by extension) Any small borderless picture in a book, especially an engraving, photograph, or the like, which vanishes gradually at the edge.

(by extension) A short story that presents a scene or tableau, or paints a picture.

The small picture on a postage stamp.

Lends new meaning to the line "Tonight they will shoot ''wine''."

{{GR PbP}}

User:Gruff

2010-05-04T17:52:40Z

Gruff: Created page with 'I love the man's prose.'

I love the man's prose.

C

2010-05-04T17:51:31Z

Gruff: added information on Choate

'''Caesar, Gaius Julius (100 or 102-44 BC)''' 
136; Roman general and statesman Caesar, after numerous military victories, was named "Father of his Country" and was made dictator for life, which glorious life (he was declared sacred, had the month of Quintilis renamed after him, statues in his likeness were placed in temples, &c.) ended when he was assassinated on the Ides of March by a group led by Brutus and Cassius who believed he was too powerful and wished to restore republican freedom. Unfortunately, the assassination engendered chaos in the Roman world which led to its eventual collapse; 164; "sacrifice has become a political act, an act of Caesar" 749;

'''Cafe l'Eclipse''' 
266; in Geneva, where Slothrop is to meet his Argentinian contact; Slothrop finds the message he received there in his pocket, 681

<div id="calculus"></div>'''calculus''' 
567; 572; Calculus is an important branch of mathematics. The word stems from the ancient Greeks' use of pebbles arranged in patterns to study arithmetic and geometry. The Latin word for "pebble" is "calculus." Two complementary disciplines comprise calculus, both of which rely on the concept of a limit. The first is differential calculus, which is concerned with the instantaneous, as opposed to average, rate of change of a quantity. This can be illustrated by the slope of a function's graph at a particular point. The second is integral calculus, which studies the accumulation of infinitely small quantities, summing to areas under a curve, linear distance travelled, or volume displaced. These two processes act inversely to each other, as shown by the fundamental theorem of calculus. See also [[D#deltaq|delta-q]]; [[D#deltat|delta-t]]; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus Wikipedia entry]

'''Calkins, Minnie''' 
665; Mason who married screen-door salesman

'''Camerons officers''' 
30;

'''Cap, the''' 
181; near Casino Hermann Goering on the Riviera; 185; where Raoul de la Perlimpinpin's residence is located, 243;

'''Captain Midnight Show''' 
Enormously popular U.S. radio show of the 1930s and 40s, sponsored by Ovaltine; [http://www.otr.com/midnight.shtml Capt. Midnight Homepage]; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Captain_Midnight Wikipedia entry]; 375

'''Carnegie, Dale (1888-1955)''' 
77; Pioneer in public speaking and personality development. He became famous by showing others how to become successful. His book How to Win Friends and Influence People (1936) has sold more than 10 million copies and has been translated into many languages. His books became popular because of his illustrative stories and simple, well-phrased rules. Two of his most famous maxims are, "Believe that you will succeed, and you will," and "Learn to love, respect and enjoy other people."

'''Carothers, Wallace Hume (1896-1937)''' 
American industrial chemist who discovered nylon. While working for Du Pont, he developed the first successful synthetic rubber, Neoprene, then nylon. He committed suicide and the nylon patent was given to Du Pont; "famous employee" of du Pont, known as "The Great Synthesist" 249; "the classic study of large molecules being carried on by" 348;

'''Cartesian''' 
of or relating to French philosopher and mathematician René Descartes (1596-1650) or his philosophy. In his vision of 1619, he conceived a reconstruction of the whole of philosophy, and of knowledge, into a unified system of certain truth modelled on mathematics and supported by a rigorous rationalism; "the Cartesian x and y of the laboratory" 400

'''cartoon characters''' 
See [[#comics|comicbook/cartoon/fictional characters]]

'''Caserne Martier''' 
246; stockade from which Waxwing escaped

'''Casino Hermann Goering''' 
181; casino on French Riviera where Slothrop is sent; Himmler-Spielsaal gaming room; 3 girls: Ghislaine, Francois & Yvonne, 183, 187; 491; 656; 659; See also Forbidden Wing

'''Castle Walk''' 
60; dance in Slothrop's Sodium Amytal session

'''Cathar''' 
With roots in primitive Christianity, the Cathars declared themselves the heirs of a tradition that was older than that held by the Church of Rome--and, by implication, both less contaminated and nearer in spirit to the Apostolic tradition. They claimed to be the only persons who had kept and cherished the Holy Spirit which Christ had bestowed upon His Church, a claim that was at least partially justified; "a commercial full of Cathar horror at the practice of imprisoning souls in the bodies of newborns" 732; [http://www.cathar.net/ Cathar Homepage]

'''Catherine the Great (1729-96)''' 
Born in Stettin, she married Grand Duke Peter, an heir to Russian throne, and when Peter was dethroned several days after ascending to the throne, she was empress of Russia. She was known for her libertine ways and Russia thrived under her reign; "Horse-fucking" Catherine, ermined and brilliant" with whom Tchitcherine had an affair, 343; carbon called "the Great Catherine of the periodic table" because of its myriad possibilities for bonding, 344; "Did Prince Potemkin's fake villages survive Catherine's royal progress?" 388;

<div id="cause"></div>'''cause and effect''' 
"these things explode first, a-and then you hear them coming in" 23; "'The illusion of control. That A could do B. But that was false. [...] Things only happen, A and B are unreal, are names for parts that ought to be inseparable....'" 30; "in his play [Mexico] wrecks the elegant rooms of history, threatens the idea of cause and effect itself." 56; "No effect without cause, and a clear train of linkages" 89; "'there's a feeling about that cause-and-effect may have been taken as far as it will go [...] The next great breakthrough may come when we have the courage to junk cause-and-effect, entirely, and strike off at some other angle'" 89; "I have only [...] what appears to be a reversal of cause-and-effect. I'm not as ready as you to junk cause-and-effect" 90; "She came twice before cock was ever officially put inside cunt, and this is important to both of them though neither has figured out why" 120; "Each firebloom, followed by blast then by sound of arrival, is a mockery [...] of the reversible process" 139; "When one event happens after another with this awful regularity, of course you don't automatically assume that it's cause-and-effect" 144; "'You're the cause-and-effect man,' she cried. How did he connect together the fragments he saw while his eyes were open? He was the cause-and-effect man" 159; "Parallel, not series. Metaphor. Signs and symptoms. Mapping on to different coordinate systems." 159; "Liebig to August Wilhelm von Hofmann, to Herbert Ganister to Laszlo Jamf, a direct chain, cause-and-effect" 161; "All talk of cause and effect is secular history, and secular history is a diversionary tactic." 167; "some promise of events without cause" 253; "Freud [...] facing a similar violation of probability--all those Papi has-raped-me stories" 272; "his wife bitched at Pökler for dozing off, ridiculed his engineer's devotion to cause-and-effect" 579; Karmic Hammer, 644; Karmic wheel, 651; "You will want cause and effect. All right." 663; "he'll be left only with Cause and Effect, and the rest of his sterile armamentarium" 752;See also [[H#history|history]]; [[T#time|time]]

'''Cavendish Laboratory''' 
15; This Cambridge University physics laboratory was founded in 1874 and named for physicist Henry Cavendish (1731-1810). In 1953, Scottish scientists Francis Crick and James Watson, while researchers here, identified the double-helix structure of DNA.

'''CBI''' 
132; China-Burma-India theatre of WWII; 370; "a connection from the CBI theatre with close to a ton of bhang" 594;

'''Center''' 
"In ordinary times [...] the center always wins [...] Decentralizing, back towards anarchism, needs extraordinary times" 264-65; "hidden centers" 302; "imaginary centers" 302; and the Hereros, 319; "centripedal movement" 440; Holy-Center- Approaching (Zonal pastime), 508; 509; fleeing the, 519; "in the center, here, Hauptstufe" 563; "holy center" 590; Returning to the Center, 757; See also [[R#return|Cycle of Return]]; [[M#mandala|mandala]]

'''Central Electricity Board''' 
133;

'''CG''' 
455: center of gravity

'''Chapter 81 work''' 
626;

'''Charles''' 
19; "the homosexual constable"

'''Charles''' 
448-49; writing down "observations of the passing scene" on the Toiletship

'''Charlottesville shoat''' 
61; dance in Slothrop's Sodium Amytal session

'''Chebychev's Theorem''' 
638; In probability theory, Chebyshev's inequality (also known as Tchebysheff's inequality, Chebyshev's theorem, or the Bienaymé-Chebyshev inequality), named after Pafnuty Chebyshev, who first proved it, states that in any data sample or probability distribution, nearly all the values are close to the mean value, and provides a quantitative description of "nearly all" and "close to". For example, no more than 1/4 of the values are more than 2 standard deviations away from the mean, no more than 1/9 are more than 3 standard deviations away, no more than 1/25 are more than 5 standard deviations away, and so on; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chebyshev's_inequality Wikipedia entry]

'''Chemical Foundation''' 
581; Alien Property Custodian, through C.F., "sold Bland a few of Laszlo Jamf's early patents"

'''Chemnyco of New York''' 
According to Sasuly, Chemnyco was a special organization set up in New York by the IG "to siphon out technical data of military importance. [...] Officially, Chemnyco was known as a 'technical service' agency. Its sole client was IG Farben. [...] When U.S. government agents came to seize the files of Chemnyco, shortly after Pearl Harbor, they found Rudolph Ilgner in the process of destroying what he evidently considered his most important papers." (pp.101-03); Wimpe was reassigned there "shortly after Hitler became Chancellor" 349; 630

'''Cherrycoke, Ronald''' 
125; psychometrist in Psi Section; 146; "undertakes. . .trips into Nora Dodson-Truck's void, " 150; "in a Jesus Christ getup" 639

<div id="chess"></div>'''chess''' 
"the profile of a chess knight" 12; "The raggedy pawns, the disgraced bish-op and cowardly knight" 173; "Dodson-Truck is a chess fanatic" 211; "do you good to get outta that chess rut" 212; on Waxwing's card, 248; "parkbench chessplayer's gaze" 254; Wimpe's analogy: "'Think of chess [...] an extravagant game of chess.[...] The queen, "the Great Catherine of the periodic table," down to the little hydrogens numerous and single-moving as pawns'" 344; chessboard of the Zone, 376; Knight, 401; 405; Weissmann & Ilse playing, 408; "present a pawn, withdraw the queen" 417; "that board and pieces and patterns. . .did come clear for him" 421; "the flesh of pieces moved in darkness and winter across the marshes and mountain chains of the board" 422; moving rookwise, 472; the Castle, 486; "knowing that Queen, Bishop and King are only splendid cripples, and pawns, even those that reach the final row, are condemned to creep in two dimensions, and no Tower will either rise or descent" 494; "knight for a bishop" 563; "the bishopwise seat behind Pirate" 575; Slothrop & Pökler playing, 576; "Slothrop flashes his white plastic knight" 602; Mravenko: "the most maniacal, systemless chess player in Central Asia" 611; "there'd always be the bit of mystery to her. Because of what he is, because of directions he can't move in" 620; (metaphorically) "The Row is enlightenment" 621; "He's a digital companion all right, everything gets either a yes or a no, and two-tone checkerboards of odd shape and texture indeed bloom in the rainy night" 663; "chess knights. . .invisible in the air" 655; Läufer (chess bishop), 666, 683; "Your objective is not the King--there is no King--but momentary targets such as the Radiant Hour" 674; Marcel: "a mechanical chess-player dating back to the Second Empire" 675; "where inside Marcel is the midget Grandmaster, the little Johann Allgeier?" 675; Marcel's "request for omnidirectional top-speed clearance" 678; See also Allgeier, Johann; Allgeyer soldiers; Grid; [Check out: [[Borges - The Game of Chess|Borges' - "The Game of Chess"]] in Dreamtigers (1964)]

'''Chiang Kai-shek (1887-1975)''' 
Chinese general who, by 1928, had unified China by military means. He resisted the infiltration of communism, but his government collapsed in 1948 when the communists took over. He retreated to Taiwan where he set up a government in exile which was recognized by the West over Mao's People's Republic of China; caricature of on Toiletship, 450

'''Chicago Bar''' 
367; Berlin bar where Säure Bummer hangs out; 373; 435; 517; Springer and Narrish ambushed, 527; 739

<div id="chiclitz"></div>'''Chiclitz, Clayton "Bloody"''' 
558-62; "about as fat as Marvy and wears hornrimmed glasses, and the top of his head's as shiny as his face"; American industrialist with T-Force scouting German engineering (esp. secret weaponry); owns a toy factory in Nutley, NJ; he's running a fur operation, employing 30 kids whom he eventually wants to take to Hollywood to be movie stars; ["Chicklets" is a candy-coated chewing gum that's been around forever] Chiclitz also appears in Pynchon's [http://v.pynchonwiki.com/wiki/index.php?title=C#chiclitz ''V.''.

'''Chiclitz, Mrs.''' 
558; mother of Clayton

'''Chilkes, Maudie''' 
78; works at PISCES; 141; seduces Pointsman, 168-69

'''Chinesische Blätter für Wissenschaft und Kunst''' 
454; German: Chinese Journal for Science and Art; book Fahringer left behind when taken from Peenemünde by SS

'''Chipuda''' 
Chipude is a village on La Gomera in the Canary Islands off the west coast of North Africa. The inhabitants of the valleys used to communicate with each other in a whistling language, comparable to the "yodeling" in the Central European Alps; "Ur-Spanish, whistled not voiced, from the mountains around Chipuda" 453

'''Chiquita Banana''' 
678; "sez we shouldn't" put bananas in the refrigerator; [Chiquita Website]

'''chi-square calculations''' 
40; A chi-squared distribution is, according to the Cambridge Dictionary of Science and Technology, "the distribution of many quadratic forms in statistics, often encountered as the distribution of the sample variance and of a statistic measuring the agreement of a set of empirically observed frequences with theoretically derived frequences. The central chi-squared distribution is indexed by one parameter, the degrees of freedom" (p. 155)

'''Chlordine''' 
463; substance Erdmann abuses

'''Choate boys''' 
194; "red-dogging [...] each with the instincts and mass of a killer rhino" Choate is a prep school in Connecticut, alumni include John F. Kennedy and John Dos Passos. http://www.choate.edu/

'''Christian''' 
318; Herero comrade of Enzian's and brother of Maria; 518; dream of Maria, 673; 728; 730

<div id="christianity"></div>'''Christianity''' 
See [[J#judeo|Judeo-Christian]]

'''Chu Piang''' 
339; "comical Chinese swamper" and "Chinese factotum in the red dzurt" 346; addicted to "the tears of the poppy" 347

'''Churchill, Sir Winston L.S.(1874-1965)''' 
251; British statesman who rose through the ranks of British politics, assuming leadership with a Coalition government in May 1940 when Neville Chamberlain stepped down under criticism for his military failures. He was defeated in the July 1945 elections and became a vocal leader of the opposition; 373; 382; caricature of on Toiletship, 450; Beaver's pipe "a reproduction in brier of Winston Churchill's head for a bowl, no detail is spared, even a cigar in its mouth" 708;

<div id="church"></div>'''Church of St. Blasius''' 
333; at Nordhausen; See also [[S#basher|"Basher" St. Blaise]]; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Blaise Wikipedia entry]

'''CIA''' 
163; Chemical Instrumentality for the Abnormal; Committee on Idiopathic Archetypes, 625; Committee on Incandescent Anomalies, 650; Commissariat for Intelligence Activities, 700

'''Ciba''' 
250; Swiss chemical company which joined Geigy and Sandoz in a cartel in the early '20s

'''CIC''' 
560; All-Soviet Trade Union Council

'''CIOS''' 
391; Combined Intelligence Objectives Subcommittee, of which SPOG was a subsidiary

'''Circassians''' 
549; Circassians are a Caucasian people who speak a northwest Caucasian language, Kabardian language. Comprising roughly the northwestern region of the Caucasus, Caucasia has since ancient times had the exotic reputation common to lands occupying a crucial area between rival empires.

<div id="cities"></div>'''cities''' 
"The city he visits now is Death's antechamber: where all the paperwork's done" 40; "this frost and harrowed city" 49; "that Mother City mapped wherever the enterprise is systematic death" 76; "outward from the sheltering city" 89; "the royal city" 95; "dangers he can't bring himself to name even in cities" 100; "up in the city the arc-lights crackle" 134; City Paranoiac, 172-73; "what if the Ci-ty were a growing neo-plasm, across the centuries, always chang-ing, to meet exactly the chang ing shape of its very worst, se-cret fears?" 173; Metropolis, 285, 315, 317 ("no harm done to the Metropolis, nothing to soil those cathedrals, white marble statues, noble thoughts"); "urban fantods" 303; "Trolls and dryads [...] blasted [...] out of bridges, out of trees into liberation, and are now long citified" 367; "City Sacramental, the city as outward and visible sign of inward and spiritual illness or health" 372; Ant City, 399; "Nordhausen, a city of elves producing toy moon-rockets" 431; "Leaving Slothrop in his city-reflexes and Harvard crew sox" 472; "it was Europe, it was the smoky, citied fear of death" 477; "mechanical cities [...] with crackling-tower and obsidian helix" 482; "the sacrificial city" 484; "the ruin of a great city" 485; "Metropolis [...] a corporate City state where technology was the source of power, the engineer worked closely with the administrator, the masses labored unseen far underground, and ultimate power lay with a single leader at the top" 578; "Metropolitan inventor Rothwang" 579; "that's a heap better than the city, son, there you just move from crisis to crisis" 644; "a giant factory-state here, a City of the Future" 674; "Golden clouds [...] I think they're pieces of the Heavenly City falling down" 682; "Nordhausen felt like a city in a myth, under the threat of some special destruction" 718; "[Europe] has learned empire from its old metropolis." 722; Hexes-Stadt [...] has turned into just another capital" 718; Carbon City, Illinois, 735; See also [[#dactylic|City Dactylic]]; [[M#metropolis|Metropolis]]; [[R#raketen|Raketen Stadt]]

'''Citroën''' 
253; A French automobile manufacturer, founded in 1919 by André Citroën. It was the one of the world's first mass-production car companies outside of the USA.

<div id="dactylic"></div>'''City Dactylic''' 
566; (dactylic: pertaining to a finger); "the city of the future where every soul is known, and there is noplace to hide"; See also [[#cities|cities]]; [[O#octupus|octopus]]

'''Claude''' 
253; "the assistant chef " who stands in for Slothrop to facilitate his "escape" to Nice

'''Clausewitz, Carl von(1780-1831)''' 
182; Prussian general whose writings, especially On War, advocated the concept of total war, in which all the enemy's territory, property, and citizens are attacked; Clausewitz & Pynchon

'''Clive, Baron Robert (1725-1774)''' 
82; Lead troops of the British East India Company to victory over the Nawab of Bengal and his French allies at the Battle of Plassey (Plassy in text), 23 June 1757. Also known as Clive of India.

'''Club Oogabooga''' 
675; "where Beacon Street aristocracy rubs elbows ev'ry night with Roxbury winos 'n' dopefiends"

'''Codreanu''' 
Threatened on the west by Germany and on the east by Russia, Romania was in a perpetual state of instability. In the early 1930s, it was hit by the Great Depression which profoundly affected the country. Workers' strikes were fiercely suppressed, giving rise to a strong Rumanian Communist Party and, concurrently, an extreme rightist movement. Corneliu Zelea Codreanu's anti-semitic, ultra-nationalistic League of the Archangel Michael (formed in 1927), known to the foreign press as "The Iron Guard" and based in Iasi, gained increasing popularity. Patterning the League after the Nazis, Codreanu declared himself the mortal enemy of democracy and the Jews. The Iron Guard practiced a political gangsterism, terrorizing the populace. They murdered Prime Minister Jon Duca, head of the Liberal Party, as well as the historian Nicolas Jorga. Their political wing, Totul Pentru Tara ("Everything for the Fatherland") had success in the 1937 elections and enacted anti-Jewish legislation. Caught in the middle of the Soviet-leaning Communists and the Nazi-leaning League/Iron Guard, King Carol II finally established a de facto dictatorship and ordered the assassination of Codreanu; during the night of November 29-30, 1938, Codreanu and thirteen Legionnaires were strangled to death. Many other Legionnaires were arrested and imprisoned; "No, they are making believe to be narodnik, but I know, they are of Iasi, of Codreanu, his men, men of the League, they ... kill for him they have oath!"11

'''Cointrin''' 
266; Geneva's airport

'''color''' 
Color coding plays a significant role in Gravity's Rainbow. [[Coloring Gravity's Rainbow|Check out this excerpt]] from an essay by N. Katherine Hayles and Mary B. Eiser in [http://www.ham.muohio.edu/~krafftjm/pynchon.html Pynchon Notes], entitled "Coloring Gravity's Rainbow."

'''Columbus, Chritopher (1451-1506)''' 
453; Genoese explorer who was the first European to discover, in 1492, the country now called America; "Gomera was the last piece of land Columbus touched before America"

<div id="comics"></div>'''comicbook/cartoon/fictional characters''' 
"his batman, a Corporal Wayne" [Batman's "real-world" identity was Bruce Wayne], 11; comicbook fangs, 21; Sir Denis Nayland Smith, 83, 277-78, 592, 631, 751; Hop Harrigan, Tank Tinker, 117; "old-fashioned comical room" 122; Dumbo, 135; Donald Duck, 146; Hansel and Gretel, 174; "comic-book colors" 186; "paint FUCK YOU in a balloon coming out the mouth of one of those little pink shepherdesses" 203; Plasticman, 206, 314, 331, 752; "he passes into a bickering of canary-yellow Borsalini, corksoled comicbook shoes with enormous round toes" 254; "this cartoon here" 263; "a Sunday-funnies dawn" 295; Rocketman, 366, 376, 379, 436, 512, 596; Captain Midnight Show, 375; Green Hornet, 376; "the only beings who can violate their space are safely caught and paralyzed in comic books" 379; Mickey Mouse, 392; Sundial, 472; Wilhelm Busch (cartoonist), 501; Porky Pig, 545; "comic technocracy" 579; "comic-book cats dogs and mice" 586; Bugs Bunny, 592; "comicbook-orange chunks of island" 634; Porky Pig tattoo, 638 (on Osbie Feel's stomach), 711 (on André Omnopon's stomach); Robin Hood, 664; Mary Marvel, Wonder Woman, 676; comic-book Kamikazes, 680; "down comes a comic-book guillotine on one black & white politician" 687; Crime Does Not Pay, 709; Superman, 751; The Lone Ranger & Tonto, 752; Philip Marlowe, 752; Submariner, 752; Jimmy Olson, 752; See also [[B#byron|Byron the Bulb]]; [[F#floundering|Floundering Four]]; [[K#komical|Komical Kamikazes]]; [[Plasticman|Plasticman]]; [[F#film|film/cinema references]]

'''compline''' 
134; seventh and last of the canonical hours

'''connectedness''' 
See [[Paranoia/Connectedness|paranoia/connectedness]]

'''Control''' 
30; illusion of, 30; "We, are in control. He, cannot help, himself" 82; Pointsman "must never lose control" 144; "all in his life of what has looked free or random, is discovered to've been under some Control, all the time, the same as a fixed roulette wheel" 209; Cybernetic tradition, 238; 277; 387; of Ilse, of love, 414; 415; "innocence and its many uses" in a corporate State, 419; "'She's supposed to be dead." [...] "'W-well you're supposed to be a movie director.'" " "'Same thing.' [...] 'Same problems of control.'" 494;"Once the technical means of control have reached a certain size, a certain degree of being connected one to another, the chances for freedom are over for good." 539; 581; Central Control (in Raketen-Stadt), 678; See also [[#cause|cause and effect]]; [[R#routinization|Routinization/Rationalization of Charisma]]; [[T#they|They]]

'''Coolidge, Calvin (1872-1933)''' 
389; 30th president of the United States and two-termer Republican whose terms were marked by economic prosperity

'''Correa, María Antonia''' 
612; "According to Argentine legend from the last century [she] followed her lover into [La Rioja], carrying their newborn child."

'''corridors''' 
"lonely Thesean brushings down his polished corridors of years" 141; corridor metaphysics, 394; "We are now in the corridors we have chosen, moving toward the Floor....'" 536; "the ice and stone corridors of the Phoebus headquarters" 651; inside the electric corridors" 517; "barrel-assing down the long corridors at Nymphenburg" 750

'''corso''' 
476; In Italy, a wide avenue with landscaped edges

'''Cosmic Bomb''' 
167; aka Atomic Bomb; 539; 544; "Miss Enola Gay's atomic clit" 588; Hiroshima, 693-94; [Video of the Bombing (no sound)]

'''Côte d'Azur''' 
226; French: the "azure coast"; the Mediterranean coastline of France between Menton and Cannes, so named by the poet Stephen Liégeard

'''Couéists''' 
77; Couéism is a form of psychotherapy dependent upon auto-suggestion developed and promoted by Émile Coué (1857-1926), a French pharmacist. The central tenent of his system was "Every day, in every way, I am getting better and better"

'''Council of People's Commissars''' 
391; Malenkov's special committee to which Tchitcherine reports;

'''[[Counterforce|COUNTERFORCE]]''' 
See also [[E#earth|Earth]]; [[O#opposite|Opposite, Ideas of the]]; [[P#polymorphous|polymorphous perversity]]; [[R#reformation|Reformation]]

'''Coward, Noel (1899-1973)''' 
134; English dramatist, actor and composer; 709

'''Cranz''' 
452; author of Lehrbuch der Ballistik

'''Creepham''' 
151; "the bright blue gremlins scattering like spiders off of his Typhoon's wings"

'''Croix Mystique''' 
16; In palmistry, this cross is found beneath the middle finger between the head and heart lines and shows a distinct interest in occult matters.

'''croquet''' 
See lawn sports

'''Crosby, Harry Lillis "Bing" (1903–1977)''' 
184; an extremely popular American singer and actor; 320

'''Cross of Lorraine''' 
112; Region encompassing the northeastern French départements of Vosges, Meuse, Meurthe-et-Moselle, and Moselle and roughly coextensive with the historical region of Lorraine. The capital is Metz.

'''Crutchfield (Crouchfield)''' 
67; character in Kenosha Kid episode; "the only westward man"; 114

'''[[Crystal|CRYSTAL]]'''

<div id="crystal-palace"></div>'''Crystal Palace''' 
3; "the fall of a"; The huge glass and iron structure at the top of Sydenham Hill was originally erected in Hyde Park in London to house [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Great_Exhibition The Great Exhibition], embodying the products of many countries throughout the world. The Great Exhibition, also known as the Crystal Palace Exhibition, was an international exhibition held in Hyde Park, London, from 1 May to 15 October 1851 and the first in a series of World's Fair exhibitions of culture and industry that were to be a popular 19th century feature. [[Crystal_Palace|More on the Crystal Palace (and pics)]]; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Crystal_Palace Wikipedia entry]

'''cucurbitaceous''' 
80; relating to the gourd family

'''Custodian of the Night''' 
434; smooth-faced, neutral, coiled & pale; See also serpent

'''Cuvilliés, François de (1695-1768)''' 
619 Court architect to Duke Maximilian II Emanuel of Bavaria (appointed 1725), specializing in the Bavarian Rococo style. Among his works in Munich and its environs is the Amalienburg hunting lodge, Nymphenburg (1734-39).

'''Cuxhaven''' 
A small German town on the North Sea (in the British sector of the Zone) [MAP]; Operation Backfire based there, 272; test range, 277; Destroyer Badass docked there, 370; 372; Putzi's located there, 526-27; Slothrop traveling to, 567; Der Grob Säugling ["The Gross Suckling"], a servicemen's pub, 706-08; [www.cuxhaven.de]

'''Cymri''' 
170

'''Cypridinae''' 
690; "crustaceans with three eyes, shaped like a potato with catwhiskers at one end. Dried and powdered Cypridinae are also a great source of light [...] weird multishaded blue"

'''Cyrillicists''' 
354; faction in VTsK NTA

'''Czarist''' 
344;

{{GR Alpha Nav}}

C

2010-05-04T17:26:34Z

Gruff: added section on corridors

'''Caesar, Gaius Julius (100 or 102-44 BC)''' 
136; Roman general and statesman Caesar, after numerous military victories, was named "Father of his Country" and was made dictator for life, which glorious life (he was declared sacred, had the month of Quintilis renamed after him, statues in his likeness were placed in temples, &c.) ended when he was assassinated on the Ides of March by a group led by Brutus and Cassius who believed he was too powerful and wished to restore republican freedom. Unfortunately, the assassination engendered chaos in the Roman world which led to its eventual collapse; 164; "sacrifice has become a political act, an act of Caesar" 749;

'''Cafe l'Eclipse''' 
266; in Geneva, where Slothrop is to meet his Argentinian contact; Slothrop finds the message he received there in his pocket, 681

<div id="calculus"></div>'''calculus''' 
567; 572; Calculus is an important branch of mathematics. The word stems from the ancient Greeks' use of pebbles arranged in patterns to study arithmetic and geometry. The Latin word for "pebble" is "calculus." Two complementary disciplines comprise calculus, both of which rely on the concept of a limit. The first is differential calculus, which is concerned with the instantaneous, as opposed to average, rate of change of a quantity. This can be illustrated by the slope of a function's graph at a particular point. The second is integral calculus, which studies the accumulation of infinitely small quantities, summing to areas under a curve, linear distance travelled, or volume displaced. These two processes act inversely to each other, as shown by the fundamental theorem of calculus. See also [[D#deltaq|delta-q]]; [[D#deltat|delta-t]]; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus Wikipedia entry]

'''Calkins, Minnie''' 
665; Mason who married screen-door salesman

'''Camerons officers''' 
30;

'''Cap, the''' 
181; near Casino Hermann Goering on the Riviera; 185; where Raoul de la Perlimpinpin's residence is located, 243;

'''Captain Midnight Show''' 
Enormously popular U.S. radio show of the 1930s and 40s, sponsored by Ovaltine; [http://www.otr.com/midnight.shtml Capt. Midnight Homepage]; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Captain_Midnight Wikipedia entry]; 375

'''Carnegie, Dale (1888-1955)''' 
77; Pioneer in public speaking and personality development. He became famous by showing others how to become successful. His book How to Win Friends and Influence People (1936) has sold more than 10 million copies and has been translated into many languages. His books became popular because of his illustrative stories and simple, well-phrased rules. Two of his most famous maxims are, "Believe that you will succeed, and you will," and "Learn to love, respect and enjoy other people."

'''Carothers, Wallace Hume (1896-1937)''' 
American industrial chemist who discovered nylon. While working for Du Pont, he developed the first successful synthetic rubber, Neoprene, then nylon. He committed suicide and the nylon patent was given to Du Pont; "famous employee" of du Pont, known as "The Great Synthesist" 249; "the classic study of large molecules being carried on by" 348;

'''Cartesian''' 
of or relating to French philosopher and mathematician René Descartes (1596-1650) or his philosophy. In his vision of 1619, he conceived a reconstruction of the whole of philosophy, and of knowledge, into a unified system of certain truth modelled on mathematics and supported by a rigorous rationalism; "the Cartesian x and y of the laboratory" 400

'''cartoon characters''' 
See [[#comics|comicbook/cartoon/fictional characters]]

'''Caserne Martier''' 
246; stockade from which Waxwing escaped

'''Casino Hermann Goering''' 
181; casino on French Riviera where Slothrop is sent; Himmler-Spielsaal gaming room; 3 girls: Ghislaine, Francois & Yvonne, 183, 187; 491; 656; 659; See also Forbidden Wing

'''Castle Walk''' 
60; dance in Slothrop's Sodium Amytal session

'''Cathar''' 
With roots in primitive Christianity, the Cathars declared themselves the heirs of a tradition that was older than that held by the Church of Rome--and, by implication, both less contaminated and nearer in spirit to the Apostolic tradition. They claimed to be the only persons who had kept and cherished the Holy Spirit which Christ had bestowed upon His Church, a claim that was at least partially justified; "a commercial full of Cathar horror at the practice of imprisoning souls in the bodies of newborns" 732; [http://www.cathar.net/ Cathar Homepage]

'''Catherine the Great (1729-96)''' 
Born in Stettin, she married Grand Duke Peter, an heir to Russian throne, and when Peter was dethroned several days after ascending to the throne, she was empress of Russia. She was known for her libertine ways and Russia thrived under her reign; "Horse-fucking" Catherine, ermined and brilliant" with whom Tchitcherine had an affair, 343; carbon called "the Great Catherine of the periodic table" because of its myriad possibilities for bonding, 344; "Did Prince Potemkin's fake villages survive Catherine's royal progress?" 388;

<div id="cause"></div>'''cause and effect''' 
"these things explode first, a-and then you hear them coming in" 23; "'The illusion of control. That A could do B. But that was false. [...] Things only happen, A and B are unreal, are names for parts that ought to be inseparable....'" 30; "in his play [Mexico] wrecks the elegant rooms of history, threatens the idea of cause and effect itself." 56; "No effect without cause, and a clear train of linkages" 89; "'there's a feeling about that cause-and-effect may have been taken as far as it will go [...] The next great breakthrough may come when we have the courage to junk cause-and-effect, entirely, and strike off at some other angle'" 89; "I have only [...] what appears to be a reversal of cause-and-effect. I'm not as ready as you to junk cause-and-effect" 90; "She came twice before cock was ever officially put inside cunt, and this is important to both of them though neither has figured out why" 120; "Each firebloom, followed by blast then by sound of arrival, is a mockery [...] of the reversible process" 139; "When one event happens after another with this awful regularity, of course you don't automatically assume that it's cause-and-effect" 144; "'You're the cause-and-effect man,' she cried. How did he connect together the fragments he saw while his eyes were open? He was the cause-and-effect man" 159; "Parallel, not series. Metaphor. Signs and symptoms. Mapping on to different coordinate systems." 159; "Liebig to August Wilhelm von Hofmann, to Herbert Ganister to Laszlo Jamf, a direct chain, cause-and-effect" 161; "All talk of cause and effect is secular history, and secular history is a diversionary tactic." 167; "some promise of events without cause" 253; "Freud [...] facing a similar violation of probability--all those Papi has-raped-me stories" 272; "his wife bitched at Pökler for dozing off, ridiculed his engineer's devotion to cause-and-effect" 579; Karmic Hammer, 644; Karmic wheel, 651; "You will want cause and effect. All right." 663; "he'll be left only with Cause and Effect, and the rest of his sterile armamentarium" 752;See also [[H#history|history]]; [[T#time|time]]

'''Cavendish Laboratory''' 
15; This Cambridge University physics laboratory was founded in 1874 and named for physicist Henry Cavendish (1731-1810). In 1953, Scottish scientists Francis Crick and James Watson, while researchers here, identified the double-helix structure of DNA.

'''CBI''' 
132; China-Burma-India theatre of WWII; 370; "a connection from the CBI theatre with close to a ton of bhang" 594;

'''Center''' 
"In ordinary times [...] the center always wins [...] Decentralizing, back towards anarchism, needs extraordinary times" 264-65; "hidden centers" 302; "imaginary centers" 302; and the Hereros, 319; "centripedal movement" 440; Holy-Center- Approaching (Zonal pastime), 508; 509; fleeing the, 519; "in the center, here, Hauptstufe" 563; "holy center" 590; Returning to the Center, 757; See also [[R#return|Cycle of Return]]; [[M#mandala|mandala]]

'''Central Electricity Board''' 
133;

'''CG''' 
455: center of gravity

'''Chapter 81 work''' 
626;

'''Charles''' 
19; "the homosexual constable"

'''Charles''' 
448-49; writing down "observations of the passing scene" on the Toiletship

'''Charlottesville shoat''' 
61; dance in Slothrop's Sodium Amytal session

'''Chebychev's Theorem''' 
638; In probability theory, Chebyshev's inequality (also known as Tchebysheff's inequality, Chebyshev's theorem, or the Bienaymé-Chebyshev inequality), named after Pafnuty Chebyshev, who first proved it, states that in any data sample or probability distribution, nearly all the values are close to the mean value, and provides a quantitative description of "nearly all" and "close to". For example, no more than 1/4 of the values are more than 2 standard deviations away from the mean, no more than 1/9 are more than 3 standard deviations away, no more than 1/25 are more than 5 standard deviations away, and so on; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chebyshev's_inequality Wikipedia entry]

'''Chemical Foundation''' 
581; Alien Property Custodian, through C.F., "sold Bland a few of Laszlo Jamf's early patents"

'''Chemnyco of New York''' 
According to Sasuly, Chemnyco was a special organization set up in New York by the IG "to siphon out technical data of military importance. [...] Officially, Chemnyco was known as a 'technical service' agency. Its sole client was IG Farben. [...] When U.S. government agents came to seize the files of Chemnyco, shortly after Pearl Harbor, they found Rudolph Ilgner in the process of destroying what he evidently considered his most important papers." (pp.101-03); Wimpe was reassigned there "shortly after Hitler became Chancellor" 349; 630

'''Cherrycoke, Ronald''' 
125; psychometrist in Psi Section; 146; "undertakes. . .trips into Nora Dodson-Truck's void, " 150; "in a Jesus Christ getup" 639

<div id="chess"></div>'''chess''' 
"the profile of a chess knight" 12; "The raggedy pawns, the disgraced bish-op and cowardly knight" 173; "Dodson-Truck is a chess fanatic" 211; "do you good to get outta that chess rut" 212; on Waxwing's card, 248; "parkbench chessplayer's gaze" 254; Wimpe's analogy: "'Think of chess [...] an extravagant game of chess.[...] The queen, "the Great Catherine of the periodic table," down to the little hydrogens numerous and single-moving as pawns'" 344; chessboard of the Zone, 376; Knight, 401; 405; Weissmann & Ilse playing, 408; "present a pawn, withdraw the queen" 417; "that board and pieces and patterns. . .did come clear for him" 421; "the flesh of pieces moved in darkness and winter across the marshes and mountain chains of the board" 422; moving rookwise, 472; the Castle, 486; "knowing that Queen, Bishop and King are only splendid cripples, and pawns, even those that reach the final row, are condemned to creep in two dimensions, and no Tower will either rise or descent" 494; "knight for a bishop" 563; "the bishopwise seat behind Pirate" 575; Slothrop & Pökler playing, 576; "Slothrop flashes his white plastic knight" 602; Mravenko: "the most maniacal, systemless chess player in Central Asia" 611; "there'd always be the bit of mystery to her. Because of what he is, because of directions he can't move in" 620; (metaphorically) "The Row is enlightenment" 621; "He's a digital companion all right, everything gets either a yes or a no, and two-tone checkerboards of odd shape and texture indeed bloom in the rainy night" 663; "chess knights. . .invisible in the air" 655; Läufer (chess bishop), 666, 683; "Your objective is not the King--there is no King--but momentary targets such as the Radiant Hour" 674; Marcel: "a mechanical chess-player dating back to the Second Empire" 675; "where inside Marcel is the midget Grandmaster, the little Johann Allgeier?" 675; Marcel's "request for omnidirectional top-speed clearance" 678; See also Allgeier, Johann; Allgeyer soldiers; Grid; [Check out: [[Borges - The Game of Chess|Borges' - "The Game of Chess"]] in Dreamtigers (1964)]

'''Chiang Kai-shek (1887-1975)''' 
Chinese general who, by 1928, had unified China by military means. He resisted the infiltration of communism, but his government collapsed in 1948 when the communists took over. He retreated to Taiwan where he set up a government in exile which was recognized by the West over Mao's People's Republic of China; caricature of on Toiletship, 450

'''Chicago Bar''' 
367; Berlin bar where Säure Bummer hangs out; 373; 435; 517; Springer and Narrish ambushed, 527; 739

<div id="chiclitz"></div>'''Chiclitz, Clayton "Bloody"''' 
558-62; "about as fat as Marvy and wears hornrimmed glasses, and the top of his head's as shiny as his face"; American industrialist with T-Force scouting German engineering (esp. secret weaponry); owns a toy factory in Nutley, NJ; he's running a fur operation, employing 30 kids whom he eventually wants to take to Hollywood to be movie stars; ["Chicklets" is a candy-coated chewing gum that's been around forever] Chiclitz also appears in Pynchon's [http://v.pynchonwiki.com/wiki/index.php?title=C#chiclitz ''V.''.

'''Chiclitz, Mrs.''' 
558; mother of Clayton

'''Chilkes, Maudie''' 
78; works at PISCES; 141; seduces Pointsman, 168-69

'''Chinesische Blätter für Wissenschaft und Kunst''' 
454; German: Chinese Journal for Science and Art; book Fahringer left behind when taken from Peenemünde by SS

'''Chipuda''' 
Chipude is a village on La Gomera in the Canary Islands off the west coast of North Africa. The inhabitants of the valleys used to communicate with each other in a whistling language, comparable to the "yodeling" in the Central European Alps; "Ur-Spanish, whistled not voiced, from the mountains around Chipuda" 453

'''Chiquita Banana''' 
678; "sez we shouldn't" put bananas in the refrigerator; [Chiquita Website]

'''chi-square calculations''' 
40; A chi-squared distribution is, according to the Cambridge Dictionary of Science and Technology, "the distribution of many quadratic forms in statistics, often encountered as the distribution of the sample variance and of a statistic measuring the agreement of a set of empirically observed frequences with theoretically derived frequences. The central chi-squared distribution is indexed by one parameter, the degrees of freedom" (p. 155)

'''Chlordine''' 
463; substance Erdmann abuses

'''Choate boys''' 
194; "red-dogging [...] each with the instincts and mass of a killer rhino"

'''Christian''' 
318; Herero comrade of Enzian's and brother of Maria; 518; dream of Maria, 673; 728; 730

<div id="christianity"></div>'''Christianity''' 
See [[J#judeo|Judeo-Christian]]

'''Chu Piang''' 
339; "comical Chinese swamper" and "Chinese factotum in the red dzurt" 346; addicted to "the tears of the poppy" 347

'''Churchill, Sir Winston L.S.(1874-1965)''' 
251; British statesman who rose through the ranks of British politics, assuming leadership with a Coalition government in May 1940 when Neville Chamberlain stepped down under criticism for his military failures. He was defeated in the July 1945 elections and became a vocal leader of the opposition; 373; 382; caricature of on Toiletship, 450; Beaver's pipe "a reproduction in brier of Winston Churchill's head for a bowl, no detail is spared, even a cigar in its mouth" 708;

<div id="church"></div>'''Church of St. Blasius''' 
333; at Nordhausen; See also [[S#basher|"Basher" St. Blaise]]; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Blaise Wikipedia entry]

'''CIA''' 
163; Chemical Instrumentality for the Abnormal; Committee on Idiopathic Archetypes, 625; Committee on Incandescent Anomalies, 650; Commissariat for Intelligence Activities, 700

'''Ciba''' 
250; Swiss chemical company which joined Geigy and Sandoz in a cartel in the early '20s

'''CIC''' 
560; All-Soviet Trade Union Council

'''CIOS''' 
391; Combined Intelligence Objectives Subcommittee, of which SPOG was a subsidiary

'''Circassians''' 
549; Circassians are a Caucasian people who speak a northwest Caucasian language, Kabardian language. Comprising roughly the northwestern region of the Caucasus, Caucasia has since ancient times had the exotic reputation common to lands occupying a crucial area between rival empires.

<div id="cities"></div>'''cities''' 
"The city he visits now is Death's antechamber: where all the paperwork's done" 40; "this frost and harrowed city" 49; "that Mother City mapped wherever the enterprise is systematic death" 76; "outward from the sheltering city" 89; "the royal city" 95; "dangers he can't bring himself to name even in cities" 100; "up in the city the arc-lights crackle" 134; City Paranoiac, 172-73; "what if the Ci-ty were a growing neo-plasm, across the centuries, always chang-ing, to meet exactly the chang ing shape of its very worst, se-cret fears?" 173; Metropolis, 285, 315, 317 ("no harm done to the Metropolis, nothing to soil those cathedrals, white marble statues, noble thoughts"); "urban fantods" 303; "Trolls and dryads [...] blasted [...] out of bridges, out of trees into liberation, and are now long citified" 367; "City Sacramental, the city as outward and visible sign of inward and spiritual illness or health" 372; Ant City, 399; "Nordhausen, a city of elves producing toy moon-rockets" 431; "Leaving Slothrop in his city-reflexes and Harvard crew sox" 472; "it was Europe, it was the smoky, citied fear of death" 477; "mechanical cities [...] with crackling-tower and obsidian helix" 482; "the sacrificial city" 484; "the ruin of a great city" 485; "Metropolis [...] a corporate City state where technology was the source of power, the engineer worked closely with the administrator, the masses labored unseen far underground, and ultimate power lay with a single leader at the top" 578; "Metropolitan inventor Rothwang" 579; "that's a heap better than the city, son, there you just move from crisis to crisis" 644; "a giant factory-state here, a City of the Future" 674; "Golden clouds [...] I think they're pieces of the Heavenly City falling down" 682; "Nordhausen felt like a city in a myth, under the threat of some special destruction" 718; "[Europe] has learned empire from its old metropolis." 722; Hexes-Stadt [...] has turned into just another capital" 718; Carbon City, Illinois, 735; See also [[#dactylic|City Dactylic]]; [[M#metropolis|Metropolis]]; [[R#raketen|Raketen Stadt]]

'''Citroën''' 
253; A French automobile manufacturer, founded in 1919 by André Citroën. It was the one of the world's first mass-production car companies outside of the USA.

<div id="dactylic"></div>'''City Dactylic''' 
566; (dactylic: pertaining to a finger); "the city of the future where every soul is known, and there is noplace to hide"; See also [[#cities|cities]]; [[O#octupus|octopus]]

'''Claude''' 
253; "the assistant chef " who stands in for Slothrop to facilitate his "escape" to Nice

'''Clausewitz, Carl von(1780-1831)''' 
182; Prussian general whose writings, especially On War, advocated the concept of total war, in which all the enemy's territory, property, and citizens are attacked; Clausewitz & Pynchon

'''Clive, Baron Robert (1725-1774)''' 
82; Lead troops of the British East India Company to victory over the Nawab of Bengal and his French allies at the Battle of Plassey (Plassy in text), 23 June 1757. Also known as Clive of India.

'''Club Oogabooga''' 
675; "where Beacon Street aristocracy rubs elbows ev'ry night with Roxbury winos 'n' dopefiends"

'''Codreanu''' 
Threatened on the west by Germany and on the east by Russia, Romania was in a perpetual state of instability. In the early 1930s, it was hit by the Great Depression which profoundly affected the country. Workers' strikes were fiercely suppressed, giving rise to a strong Rumanian Communist Party and, concurrently, an extreme rightist movement. Corneliu Zelea Codreanu's anti-semitic, ultra-nationalistic League of the Archangel Michael (formed in 1927), known to the foreign press as "The Iron Guard" and based in Iasi, gained increasing popularity. Patterning the League after the Nazis, Codreanu declared himself the mortal enemy of democracy and the Jews. The Iron Guard practiced a political gangsterism, terrorizing the populace. They murdered Prime Minister Jon Duca, head of the Liberal Party, as well as the historian Nicolas Jorga. Their political wing, Totul Pentru Tara ("Everything for the Fatherland") had success in the 1937 elections and enacted anti-Jewish legislation. Caught in the middle of the Soviet-leaning Communists and the Nazi-leaning League/Iron Guard, King Carol II finally established a de facto dictatorship and ordered the assassination of Codreanu; during the night of November 29-30, 1938, Codreanu and thirteen Legionnaires were strangled to death. Many other Legionnaires were arrested and imprisoned; "No, they are making believe to be narodnik, but I know, they are of Iasi, of Codreanu, his men, men of the League, they ... kill for him they have oath!"11

'''Cointrin''' 
266; Geneva's airport

'''color''' 
Color coding plays a significant role in Gravity's Rainbow. [[Coloring Gravity's Rainbow|Check out this excerpt]] from an essay by N. Katherine Hayles and Mary B. Eiser in [http://www.ham.muohio.edu/~krafftjm/pynchon.html Pynchon Notes], entitled "Coloring Gravity's Rainbow."

'''Columbus, Chritopher (1451-1506)''' 
453; Genoese explorer who was the first European to discover, in 1492, the country now called America; "Gomera was the last piece of land Columbus touched before America"

<div id="comics"></div>'''comicbook/cartoon/fictional characters''' 
"his batman, a Corporal Wayne" [Batman's "real-world" identity was Bruce Wayne], 11; comicbook fangs, 21; Sir Denis Nayland Smith, 83, 277-78, 592, 631, 751; Hop Harrigan, Tank Tinker, 117; "old-fashioned comical room" 122; Dumbo, 135; Donald Duck, 146; Hansel and Gretel, 174; "comic-book colors" 186; "paint FUCK YOU in a balloon coming out the mouth of one of those little pink shepherdesses" 203; Plasticman, 206, 314, 331, 752; "he passes into a bickering of canary-yellow Borsalini, corksoled comicbook shoes with enormous round toes" 254; "this cartoon here" 263; "a Sunday-funnies dawn" 295; Rocketman, 366, 376, 379, 436, 512, 596; Captain Midnight Show, 375; Green Hornet, 376; "the only beings who can violate their space are safely caught and paralyzed in comic books" 379; Mickey Mouse, 392; Sundial, 472; Wilhelm Busch (cartoonist), 501; Porky Pig, 545; "comic technocracy" 579; "comic-book cats dogs and mice" 586; Bugs Bunny, 592; "comicbook-orange chunks of island" 634; Porky Pig tattoo, 638 (on Osbie Feel's stomach), 711 (on André Omnopon's stomach); Robin Hood, 664; Mary Marvel, Wonder Woman, 676; comic-book Kamikazes, 680; "down comes a comic-book guillotine on one black & white politician" 687; Crime Does Not Pay, 709; Superman, 751; The Lone Ranger & Tonto, 752; Philip Marlowe, 752; Submariner, 752; Jimmy Olson, 752; See also [[B#byron|Byron the Bulb]]; [[F#floundering|Floundering Four]]; [[K#komical|Komical Kamikazes]]; [[Plasticman|Plasticman]]; [[F#film|film/cinema references]]

'''compline''' 
134; seventh and last of the canonical hours

'''connectedness''' 
See [[Paranoia/Connectedness|paranoia/connectedness]]

'''Control''' 
30; illusion of, 30; "We, are in control. He, cannot help, himself" 82; Pointsman "must never lose control" 144; "all in his life of what has looked free or random, is discovered to've been under some Control, all the time, the same as a fixed roulette wheel" 209; Cybernetic tradition, 238; 277; 387; of Ilse, of love, 414; 415; "innocence and its many uses" in a corporate State, 419; "'She's supposed to be dead." [...] "'W-well you're supposed to be a movie director.'" " "'Same thing.' [...] 'Same problems of control.'" 494;"Once the technical means of control have reached a certain size, a certain degree of being connected one to another, the chances for freedom are over for good." 539; 581; Central Control (in Raketen-Stadt), 678; See also [[#cause|cause and effect]]; [[R#routinization|Routinization/Rationalization of Charisma]]; [[T#they|They]]

'''Coolidge, Calvin (1872-1933)''' 
389; 30th president of the United States and two-termer Republican whose terms were marked by economic prosperity

'''Correa, María Antonia''' 
612; "According to Argentine legend from the last century [she] followed her lover into [La Rioja], carrying their newborn child."

'''corridors''' 
"lonely Thesean brushings down his polished corridors of years" 141; corridor metaphysics, 394; "We are now in the corridors we have chosen, moving toward the Floor....'" 536; "the ice and stone corridors of the Phoebus headquarters" 651; inside the electric corridors" 517; "barrel-assing down the long corridors at Nymphenburg" 750

'''corso''' 
476; In Italy, a wide avenue with landscaped edges

'''Cosmic Bomb''' 
167; aka Atomic Bomb; 539; 544; "Miss Enola Gay's atomic clit" 588; Hiroshima, 693-94; [Video of the Bombing (no sound)]

'''Côte d'Azur''' 
226; French: the "azure coast"; the Mediterranean coastline of France between Menton and Cannes, so named by the poet Stephen Liégeard

'''Couéists''' 
77; Couéism is a form of psychotherapy dependent upon auto-suggestion developed and promoted by Émile Coué (1857-1926), a French pharmacist. The central tenent of his system was "Every day, in every way, I am getting better and better"

'''Council of People's Commissars''' 
391; Malenkov's special committee to which Tchitcherine reports;

'''[[Counterforce|COUNTERFORCE]]''' 
See also [[E#earth|Earth]]; [[O#opposite|Opposite, Ideas of the]]; [[P#polymorphous|polymorphous perversity]]; [[R#reformation|Reformation]]

'''Coward, Noel (1899-1973)''' 
134; English dramatist, actor and composer; 709

'''Cranz''' 
452; author of Lehrbuch der Ballistik

'''Creepham''' 
151; "the bright blue gremlins scattering like spiders off of his Typhoon's wings"

'''Croix Mystique''' 
16; In palmistry, this cross is found beneath the middle finger between the head and heart lines and shows a distinct interest in occult matters.

'''croquet''' 
See lawn sports

'''Crosby, Harry Lillis "Bing" (1903–1977)''' 
184; an extremely popular American singer and actor; 320

'''Cross of Lorraine''' 
112; Region encompassing the northeastern French départements of Vosges, Meuse, Meurthe-et-Moselle, and Moselle and roughly coextensive with the historical region of Lorraine. The capital is Metz.

'''Crutchfield (Crouchfield)''' 
67; character in Kenosha Kid episode; "the only westward man"; 114

'''[[Crystal|CRYSTAL]]'''

<div id="crystal-palace"></div>'''Crystal Palace''' 
3; "the fall of a"; The huge glass and iron structure at the top of Sydenham Hill was originally erected in Hyde Park in London to house [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Great_Exhibition The Great Exhibition], embodying the products of many countries throughout the world. The Great Exhibition, also known as the Crystal Palace Exhibition, was an international exhibition held in Hyde Park, London, from 1 May to 15 October 1851 and the first in a series of World's Fair exhibitions of culture and industry that were to be a popular 19th century feature. [[Crystal_Palace|More on the Crystal Palace (and pics)]]; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Crystal_Palace Wikipedia entry]

'''cucurbitaceous''' 
80; relating to the gourd family

'''Custodian of the Night''' 
434; smooth-faced, neutral, coiled & pale; See also serpent

'''Cuvilliés, François de (1695-1768)''' 
619 Court architect to Duke Maximilian II Emanuel of Bavaria (appointed 1725), specializing in the Bavarian Rococo style. Among his works in Munich and its environs is the Amalienburg hunting lodge, Nymphenburg (1734-39).

'''Cuxhaven''' 
A small German town on the North Sea (in the British sector of the Zone) [MAP]; Operation Backfire based there, 272; test range, 277; Destroyer Badass docked there, 370; 372; Putzi's located there, 526-27; Slothrop traveling to, 567; Der Grob Säugling ["The Gross Suckling"], a servicemen's pub, 706-08; [www.cuxhaven.de]

'''Cymri''' 
170

'''Cypridinae''' 
690; "crustaceans with three eyes, shaped like a potato with catwhiskers at one end. Dried and powdered Cypridinae are also a great source of light [...] weird multishaded blue"

'''Cyrillicists''' 
354; faction in VTsK NTA

'''Czarist''' 
344;

{{GR Alpha Nav}}

Pages 3-7

2010-05-04T17:20:01Z

Gruff: /* Page 3 */ various additional comments on the first few lines

{{GR PbP Text}}

==Page 3==

3.01 '''A''' 
The shape of the first letter recalls both the eye of the pyramid and the rocket standing on its fins. A is also a sort of reverse V - the V-2 was also known as the A-4. Finally compare the first and last typographical characters in the book: '''A''' and '''--'''. If the first is the rocket waiting to fly, the last is the flattened impact site with nothing left standing.

3.01 '''A screaming comes across the sky.''' 
Note the internal alliteration of K and S, and the double s in "across", the first of many.

3.03 '''The Evacuation''' 
First instance in ''Gravity's Rainbow'' of a lifetime stylistic trait of Pynchon's: unpredictable use of Capitalization. Capitalization is usually applied to nouns, but not uniformly. Often a matter of emphasis. See ''Mason & Dixon'' for the widest use, there imitating the writing of the time in which the book is set. 
The use throughout all his work might indicate how well-read and influenced by works written before capitalization was standardized Pynchon is. 
The full rules of capitalization for English are complicated. The rules have also changed over time, generally to capitalize fewer terms; to the modern reader, an 18th century document seems to use initial capitals excessively. Wikipedia
Also note the double-entendre: "evacuation" can mean "shit".

3.03 '''theatre''' 
Besides the normal meanings, including "theater of war", 'theatre' is the name that fireworks' organizers call a sky display.

3.05 '''iron queen''' 
a queensize bed made of iron. Hardly made after 1900. Queen Victoria had a famous brass (and iron) one in the Crystal Palace! "Beds made of hollow tubes of steel, iron, and brass came to be manufactured in the mid 19th century.
These were to be used both by soldiers and civilians. Their main advantage at that time was that unlike wooden beds, these could not be infested with bedbugs. Queen Victoria's brass bed at the Crystal Palace has been the most famous antique brass bed. 
By the late 19th century, metal beds were nearly out of fashion." Antique beds [[http://www.bestinbeds.com/beds/antique-bed.html]]

Also, In The Odyssey, when Odysseus goes to the Underworld, he refers to Persephone as '''the Iron Queen'''. Of the four gods of Empedocles' elements it is the name of Persephone alone that is taboo, for the Greeks knew another face of Persephone as well. She was also the terrible Queen of the dead, whose name was not safe to speak aloud, who was named simply "The Maiden". Wikipedia
[[http://www.en.wikipedia.org/Persephone]]

3.07 '''crystal palace''' 
See Alpha entry, especially this re cultural meaning: 
The Crystal Palace made a strong impression on visitors coming from all over Europe, including a number of writers. It soon became a symbol of modernity and civilization, hailed by some and decried by others.

In ''What Is to Be Done?'', Russian author and philosopher Nikolai Chernyshevsky pledges to transform the society into a Crystal Palace thanks to a socialist revolution. 
Fyodor Dostoevsky implicitly replied to Chernyshevsky in ''Notes from Underground''. The narrator thinks that human nature will prefer destruction and chaos to the harmony symbolized by the Crystal Palace.

When the first major international exhibition of arts and industries was held in London in 1851, the London Crystal Palace epitomized the achievements of the entire world at a time when progress was racing forward at a speed never before known to mankind. The Great Exhibition marked the beginning of a tradition of world's fairs, which would be held in major cities all across the globe. Following the success of the London fair, it was inevitable that other nations would soon try their hand at organizing their own exhibitions. In fact, the next international fair was held only two years later, in 1853, in New York City. This fair would have its own Crystal Palace to symbolize not only the achievements of the world, but also the nationalistic pride of a relatively young nation and all that she stood for. Walt Whitman, the great American poet, wrote in "The Song of the Exposition": 
http://www.ric.edu/rpotter/cryspal.html

That the Crystal Palace Exhibition "marked the beginning of a tradition of world's fairs" can remind that ''Against the Day'' starts at the Columbian Exhibition of 1893 in Chicago. More international optimism.

3.14 '''second sheep''' 
Compare the narrator’s discussion of William Slothrop’s heretical tract "On Preterition," which argued for the holiness of the preterite, and Weisenburger’s note at [[Pages 549-557#555|555.29-31]].

A wide symbology relates to sheep in ancient art, traditions and culture. Judaism uses many sheep references including the Passover lamb. Christianity uses sheep-related images, such as: Christ as the good shepherd, or as the sacrificed Lamb of God (Agnus Dei); the bishop's Pastoral; the lion lying down with the lamb (a reference to all of creation being at peace, without suffering, predation or otherwise). Greek Easter celebrations traditionally feature a meal of Paschal lamb. Sheep also have considerable importance in Arab culture; Eid ul-Adha is a major annual festival in Islam in which a sheep is sacrificed. 
Herding sheep plays an important historico-symbolic part in the Jewish and Christian faiths, since Abraham, Jacob, Moses, and King David all worked as shepherds. wikipedia
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheep] 

Sheep are often associated with obedience due to the widespread perception that they lack intelligence and their undoubted herd mentality, hence the pejorative connotation of the adjective 'ovine'. In George Orwell's satirical novel ''Animal Farm'', sheep are used to represent the ignorant and uneducated masses of revolutionary Russia. The sheep are unable to be taught the subtleties of revolutionary ideology and can only be taught repetitive slogans such as "Four legs good, two legs bad" which they bleat in unison at rallies. The rock group Pink Floyd wrote a song using sheep as a symbol for ordinary people, that is, everyone who isn't a pig or dog. People who accept overbearing governments have been pejoratively referred to as "sheeple". wikipedia [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheep] 

3.19 '''half-silvered''' 
adj. (of a mirror) having an incomplete reflective coating, so that half the incident light is reflected and half transmitted: used in optical instruments and two-way mirrors. Collins Dictionary 
See the splitting of light all through ''Against the Day'', Pynchon's 2006
novel.

3.19 '''view finder''' 
as two words, this seems to refer to handheld devices in which slides were slid and viewed in 3-dimensions. Here is a version still being made
[http://porters.com/Merchant2/merchant.mvc?Screen=PROD&Store_Code=PCS&Product_Code=520098&Product_Count=&Category_Code= view finder]. "half-silvered" above seems most correct with this kind of device.

3.22 '''They pass in line''' 
A Pynchonian leitmotif. The linearity of lining up has resonances throughout his work, articulated most straightforwardly in ''Against the Day'', which starts with "Single up all Lines!", and perhaps dealt with
most profoundly in ''Mason & Dixon'', a novel about creating the "Mason & Dixon line".

3.25 '''Rain comes down''' 
Pynchon's first published story is called ''The Small Rain''. See his remarks on rain in fiction in ''Slow Learner''.

3.30 '''naptha winters''' 
Naptha is the flammable liquid obtained from the distillation of coal and used to fire gaslights and heaters. ...

3.32 '''rolling-stock absence''' 
Rolling stock is the collective term that describes all the vehicles which move on a railway.

3.35 '''Absolute Zero''' 
Theoretical state when no molecules move. [http://www.pa.msu.edu/sciencet/ask_st/012992.html..Absolute Zero]. State
of entropy, a key concept of Thomas Pynchon's. See early story, ''Entropy'' in ''Slow Learner''.

3.36 '''places whose ''names he has never heard''''' 
'secret cities of poor', deep under these fallen girders. Places
that have never been spoken of, yet exist. Lower than ''Low-lands''. 
Later in Pynchon's world,in other books, ''Mason & Dixon'' and ''Against the Day'', we will travel deeper underground, to places with no names we know, it seems. See a "progressive ''knotting into''", 3.26 in GR.

3.37 '''the walls break down''' 
See "wall of death" later in ''Gravity's Rainbow''. A-and in ''Against the Day''.

===Page 4===
4.01 '''getting narrower...cornering tighter and tighter''' 
Cf. the rationalization of choice and similar phrasing in ''Against the Day'', pynchon wiki p. [http://against-the-day.pynchonwiki.com/wiki/index.php?title=ATD_1-25 10]

4.05 '''caravan''' 
1) a procession, in single file, of merchants or pilgrims
2) a procession of mules, camels or certain other animals. Sources: Online dictionary and wikipedia. 3) ''Caravan'' is a song by Van Morrison included on his 1970 album, ''Moondance''. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caravan_%28Van_Morrison_song%29 Caravan] 
Pilgrim has Pynchonian resonances, especially in ''Against the Day''. A-And, once again, notice the singleing up of lines.

4.07 '''cockade''' 
1) n. An ornament, such as a rosette or knot of ribbon, usually worn on the hat as a badge. [Alteration of obsolete cockard , from French.] 

2) Operational code name for Allied deception operations intended to draw attention away from Normandy prior to D-Day
[http://www.secondworldwar.co.uk/glossc.html]

Cf. pun: cock aid, esp. as Slothrop's 'condition' within ''Gravity's Rainbow'' is revealed.

4.07 '''the color of lead''' 
cockades are usually brightly colored. Lead is not. 

Lead is a malleable toxic metallic element, bluish-white in color that
tarnishes to a dull gray. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lead Lead] 

Lead is the only currency-carrying element which does not absorb nor emit heat. Entropic, so to speak. Another resonance for "toward the zero"? 

Lead is what bullets are made of.

4.12 '''corridors straight and functional''' 
More forced linearity.

4.31 '''But it is already light...light has come percolating in''' 
See also the opening lines of Pynchon's next book, 'Vineland', which begins with someone waking from a (possibly prophetic) dream, with light streaming in.

4.37 '''the different levels of the enormous room''' 
The transition from dream to waking is so subtle, and beautifully done, right down to little details, such as how the dreamer's real and dreamt surroundings cross over: the multi-levelled carriage of the dream becomes, on awaking, the room with many levels; the carriage's evacuees ('second sheep') become the room's 'drunken wastrels', etc.

==Page 5==
5.03 '''His name is Capt. Geoffrey ("Pirate") Prentice.''' 
Pirate’s name derives from Gilbert and Sullivan’s operetta ''The Pirates of Penzance'', in which the hero’s nurse has made a fateful error in carrying out her employer’s instructions: Instead of having the boy apprenticed to a (ship’s) '''pilot''', he was apprenticed to a pirate, hence a "'''pirate''' ‘prentice." The name, though, is not simply a fortuitous pun: In her error, the nurse has lost a message, like the hare of Herero myth, and thus guaranteed her young charge’s preterition. (There are also connections here to the theme of "communications entropy," which is central to ''The Crying of Lot 49'' and the short story "Entropy.")

5.03 '''He is wrapped in a thick blanket, a tartan of orange, rust, and scarlet. His skull feels made of metal.''' 

The rust in the tartan goes well with the metal-feeling skull. And there's a lot of metal in the preceding pages - lead, girders, the iron queen, the metal train tracks, etc. So it's appropriate that Prentice wakes feeling metallic.

5.22-24 '''not far from Chelsea Embankment, by Corydon Throsp, an acquaintance of the Rossettis' who wore hair smocks and liked to cultivate pharmaceutical plants up on the roof''' 

This is a pretty posh address for this lot, is it not? Kensington? The area includes the famous Chenye Walk where Keith Richards, not unfamiliar with Osbie Feel's kind of mushrooms, once lived. As did Rossetti, who we're told Throsp is on nodding terms with. Rosetti's wife died of a drug overdose, he took to keeping wombats as pets, one of these wombats used to attend the dinner table, and was said to have provided the inspiration for the Dormouse character in Alice in Wonderland.

That Dormouse's advice - "feed your head" - was used at the end of Jefferson Airplane's mushroom flavoured, Alice-inspired song 'White Rabbit'. Way later on in the book, Slothrop has a dream in which a statue of the White Rabbit in Llandudno is giving him sage advice, but he loses it as he wakes. Oddly enough, the drug that killed Rosetti's wife was laudanum, which isn't very different from 'Llandudno'. Of course that's almost certainly just a coincidence, but all of the foregoing is the sort of stuff you find yourself digging up by chasing after the countless references Pynchon sews into the fabric of the book.

5.32 '''all got scumbled together, eventually, by the knives of the seasons, to an impasto, feet thick, of unbelievable black topsoil''' 

Didn't notice 'scumbled' first time round, I was going too fast. Second
read I looked it up. Scumbled? Isn't that some sort of painting
technique? Pynchon make a mistake there? Mean to say scrambled?
Hmmmmmmmm. Then I thought of the 'knives' bit, wondered if artists might
use a [http://painting.about.com/od/paintingforbeginners/a/Painting_Knife.htm palette knife] to do this scumbling business. A Google search for
"scumble knife palette " found me this:

http://www.messums.com/sub_newsview.ink?nid=11191

"Hard impasto ridges left by the edge of the knife provided the texture
I needed to bring the waves crashing in."

[http://www.thefreedictionary.com/impasto Impasto] eh? I thought that just meant paste. So the knives in "knives of
the seasons" makes perfect sense. And Dictionary.com throws up another
interesting nugget:

http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=scumbled

"To blur the outlines of: a writer who scumbled the line that divides
history and fiction."

Apt example!

A-and the wonderful phrase, "knives of the seasons" embodies another lifelong deep theme in Pynchon's work: that the 'wheeling' of time [see later in ''Gravity's Rainbow'' and ''Against the Day''], the cycle of nature, is an ineluctable good thing, even as it knifes us, ravages, us. It thickens us, impasto-like, gives us topsoil in our characters, so to speak.
 

==Page 6==

[[image:dna-molecule.jpg|thumb|100px|right]]6.09 '''a spiral ladder''' 
Suggests the double-helix structure of the DNA molecule that preserves the "living genetic chains" evoked at [[Pages 7-16#10|10.14]]. 
Double-helix structure like a mandala, pervasive in GR: 
"Mandala" is an ancient Sanskrit word meaning "sacred circle that protects the soul." It also refers to the sacred cosmograms that serve as core symbols of all cultures. Westerners have been fascinated for centuries about the mandalas of the Hindu-Buddhist cultures of Asia, most often painted geometric diagrams of great beauty and sophistication, that draw the viewer into a realm of balance, harmony, and calm. But such diagrams are actually architectural blueprints of the purified realm of bliss that we can only realize through enlightenment. They represent three-dimensional spaces of personal and communal exaltation, palaces for the regal confidence of love, compassion, and universal satisfaction of self and other. Understanding their role in anchoring the world-picture of a culture or a person provides a new insight into the "mandalas" of our own culture – the national space anchored by the Washington monument and its environs, or the personal cosmological space anchored by the models of the solar system, '''the DNA double-helix molecule''', and the atom. [http://www.amazon.com/Mandala-Enlightenment-Denise-Patry-Leidy/dp/1585678503 Mandala]
 

A recent scientific magazine also had an essay [citation needed] on the similarity of the double-helix sructure and the structure of the mandala. A-and, GR, containing mandalas, has been argued to be structured like a mandala. SPOILER of upcoming GR tropes: "Slothrop finds mandalas, sees mandalas in the sky and all around him, and becomes a mandala himself".
"mandalas are part of a spiritual or mythic panoply"...
From ''Thomas Pynchon, The Art of Illusion'' by David Cowart, p. 126.

Cf. p. 209, ''Mason & Dixon'': " oblique angles with all meridians and that is a spiral coiling round the poles but never reaching them."...

Cf. ''V.'' where the isle of Malta is also likened to a sort of mandala.

==Page 7==
7.09 '''Pick bananas''' 
Pirate's decision after a paragraph on the inevitablity of the rocket's flight can remind one of a famous Buddhist sutra on picking a strawberry:
The Sweetest Strawberry 
Buddha told a parable in a sutra: 
A man traveling across a field encountered a tiger. He fled, the tiger after him. Coming to a precipice, he caught hold of the root of a wild vine and swung himself down over the edge. The tiger sniffed at him from above. Trembling, the man looked down to where, far below, another tiger was waiting to eat him. Only the vine sustained him. Two mice, one white and one black, little by little started to gnaw away the vine. The man saw a luscious strawberry near him. Grasping the vine with one hand, he plucked the strawberry with the other. How sweet it tasted! 
-Paul Reps, ''Zen Flesh, Zen Bones'' 
from ''Everyday Mind'', edited by Jean Smith
[[http://www.tricycle.com/issues/2_174/dailydharma/3192-1.html]]

'''seven squares''' 
The use of the squares to separate chapters was suggested by the production department or editors of GR, not by Pynchon himself. See Edward Mendelson, "Gravity's Encyclopedia," fn. 4.

Gerald Howard, [http://www.bookforum.com/archive/sum_05/pynchon.html Bookforum]: ''"It is generally thought that the line of seven squares that serves as a graphic device to separate the unnumbered chapters in the novel is meant to suggest the sprocket holes in film reels, indicating that the book is to be "read" cinematically as a kind of film in prose. Wrong. In one of his letters Kennebeck refers pointedly to the "oblong holes" in censored correspondence from World War II soldiers, then termed V-mail (there's that letter again), and in a letter to Donald Barthelme accompanying a finished copy of the book, Kennebeck makes jocular mention of the sprocket-hole theory, first floated in the Poirier review, and comments, "I little knew what I was contributing to the history of literature." Sometimes a rectangle is just a rectangle—or maybe a censor's mark."''

A further angle on the squares is this: they are ''vignettes''. Regard the etymology and definition of the word (from Wiktionary http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/vignette)
:

'''Etymology''':
First attested in 1751. From French vignette, diminutive of vigne (“vine”) < Latin vīnea < vīnum (“wine”).

'''Definition''':

(architecture) A running ornament consisting of leaves and tendrils, used in Gothic architecture.

(printing) A decorative design, originally representing vine branches or tendrils, at the head of a chapter, of a manuscript or printed book, or in a similar position.

(by extension) Any small borderless picture in a book, especially an engraving, photograph, or the like, which vanishes gradually at the edge.

(by extension) A short story that presents a scene or tableau, or paints a picture.

The small picture on a postage stamp.

Lends new meaning to the line "Tonight they will shoot ''wine''."

{{GR PbP}}

Pages 3-7

2010-05-04T16:44:14Z

Gruff: /* Page 7 */ added material on "vignette"

{{GR PbP Text}}

==Page 3==

3.03 '''The Evacuation''' 
First instance in ''Gravity's Rainbow'' of a lifetime stylistic trait of Pynchon's: unpredictable use of Capitalization. Capitalization is usually applied to nouns, but not uniformly. Often a matter of emphasis. See ''Mason & Dixon'' for the widest use, there imitating the writing of the time in which the book is set. 
The use throughout all his work might indicate how well-read and influenced by works written before capitalization was standardized Pynchon is. 
The full rules of capitalization for English are complicated. The rules have also changed over time, generally to capitalize fewer terms; to the modern reader, an 18th century document seems to use initial capitals excessively. Wikipedia

3.03 '''theatre''' 
Besides the normal meanings, including "theater of war", 'theatre' is the name that fireworks' organizers call a sky display.

3.05 '''iron queen''' 
a queensize bed made of iron. Hardly made after 1900. Queen Victoria had a famous brass (and iron) one in the Crystal Palace! "Beds made of hollow tubes of steel, iron, and brass came to be manufactured in the mid 19th century.
These were to be used both by soldiers and civilians. Their main advantage at that time was that unlike wooden beds, these could not be infested with bedbugs. Queen Victoria's brass bed at the Crystal Palace has been the most famous antique brass bed. 
By the late 19th century, metal beds were nearly out of fashion." Antique beds [[http://www.bestinbeds.com/beds/antique-bed.html]]

Also, In The Odyssey, when Odysseus goes to the Underworld, he refers to Persephone as '''the Iron Queen'''. Of the four gods of Empedocles' elements it is the name of Persephone alone that is taboo, for the Greeks knew another face of Persephone as well. She was also the terrible Queen of the dead, whose name was not safe to speak aloud, who was named simply "The Maiden". Wikipedia
[[http://www.en.wikipedia.org/Persephone]]

3.07 '''crystal palace''' 
See Alpha entry, especially this re cultural meaning: 
The Crystal Palace made a strong impression on visitors coming from all over Europe, including a number of writers. It soon became a symbol of modernity and civilization, hailed by some and decried by others.

In ''What Is to Be Done?'', Russian author and philosopher Nikolai Chernyshevsky pledges to transform the society into a Crystal Palace thanks to a socialist revolution. 
Fyodor Dostoevsky implicitly replied to Chernyshevsky in ''Notes from Underground''. The narrator thinks that human nature will prefer destruction and chaos to the harmony symbolized by the Crystal Palace.

When the first major international exhibition of arts and industries was held in London in 1851, the London Crystal Palace epitomized the achievements of the entire world at a time when progress was racing forward at a speed never before known to mankind. The Great Exhibition marked the beginning of a tradition of world's fairs, which would be held in major cities all across the globe. Following the success of the London fair, it was inevitable that other nations would soon try their hand at organizing their own exhibitions. In fact, the next international fair was held only two years later, in 1853, in New York City. This fair would have its own Crystal Palace to symbolize not only the achievements of the world, but also the nationalistic pride of a relatively young nation and all that she stood for. Walt Whitman, the great American poet, wrote in "The Song of the Exposition": 
http://www.ric.edu/rpotter/cryspal.html

That the Crystal Palace Exhibition "marked the beginning of a tradition of world's fairs" can remind that ''Against the Day'' starts at the Columbian Exhibition of 1893 in Chicago. More international optimism.

3.14 '''second sheep''' 
Compare the narrator’s discussion of William Slothrop’s heretical tract "On Preterition," which argued for the holiness of the preterite, and Weisenburger’s note at [[Pages 549-557#555|555.29-31]].

A wide symbology relates to sheep in ancient art, traditions and culture. Judaism uses many sheep references including the Passover lamb. Christianity uses sheep-related images, such as: Christ as the good shepherd, or as the sacrificed Lamb of God (Agnus Dei); the bishop's Pastoral; the lion lying down with the lamb (a reference to all of creation being at peace, without suffering, predation or otherwise). Greek Easter celebrations traditionally feature a meal of Paschal lamb. Sheep also have considerable importance in Arab culture; Eid ul-Adha is a major annual festival in Islam in which a sheep is sacrificed. 
Herding sheep plays an important historico-symbolic part in the Jewish and Christian faiths, since Abraham, Jacob, Moses, and King David all worked as shepherds. wikipedia
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheep] 

Sheep are often associated with obedience due to the widespread perception that they lack intelligence and their undoubted herd mentality, hence the pejorative connotation of the adjective 'ovine'. In George Orwell's satirical novel ''Animal Farm'', sheep are used to represent the ignorant and uneducated masses of revolutionary Russia. The sheep are unable to be taught the subtleties of revolutionary ideology and can only be taught repetitive slogans such as "Four legs good, two legs bad" which they bleat in unison at rallies. The rock group Pink Floyd wrote a song using sheep as a symbol for ordinary people, that is, everyone who isn't a pig or dog. People who accept overbearing governments have been pejoratively referred to as "sheeple". wikipedia [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheep] 

3.19 '''half-silvered''' 
adj. (of a mirror) having an incomplete reflective coating, so that half the incident light is reflected and half transmitted: used in optical instruments and two-way mirrors. Collins Dictionary 
See the splitting of light all through ''Against the Day'', Pynchon's 2006
novel.

3.19 '''view finder''' 
as two words, this seems to refer to handheld devices in which slides were slid and viewed in 3-dimensions. Here is a version still being made
[http://porters.com/Merchant2/merchant.mvc?Screen=PROD&Store_Code=PCS&Product_Code=520098&Product_Count=&Category_Code= view finder]. "half-silvered" above seems most correct with this kind of device.

3.22 '''They pass in line''' 
A Pynchonian leitmotif. The linearity of lining up has resonances throughout his work, articulated most straightforwardly in ''Against the Day'', which starts with "Single up all Lines!", and perhaps dealt with
most profoundly in ''Mason & Dixon'', a novel about creating the "Mason & Dixon line".

3.25 '''Rain comes down''' 
Pynchon's first published story is called ''The Small Rain''. See his remarks on rain in fiction in ''Slow Learner''.

3.30 '''naptha winters''' 
Naptha is the flammable liquid obtained from the distillation of coal and used to fire gaslights and heaters. ...

3.32 '''rolling-stock absence''' 
Rolling stock is the collective term that describes all the vehicles which move on a railway.

3.35 '''Absolute Zero''' 
Theoretical state when no molecules move. [http://www.pa.msu.edu/sciencet/ask_st/012992.html..Absolute Zero]. State
of entropy, a key concept of Thomas Pynchon's. See early story, ''Entropy'' in ''Slow Learner''.

3.36 '''places whose ''names he has never heard''''' 
'secret cities of poor', deep under these fallen girders. Places
that have never been spoken of, yet exist. Lower than ''Low-lands''. 
Later in Pynchon's world,in other books, ''Mason & Dixon'' and ''Against the Day'', we will travel deeper underground, to places with no names we know, it seems. See a "progressive ''knotting into''", 3.26 in GR.

3.37 '''the walls break down''' 
See "wall of death" later in ''Gravity's Rainbow''. A-and in ''Against the Day''.

===Page 4===
4.01 '''getting narrower...cornering tighter and tighter''' 
Cf. the rationalization of choice and similar phrasing in ''Against the Day'', pynchon wiki p. [http://against-the-day.pynchonwiki.com/wiki/index.php?title=ATD_1-25 10]

4.05 '''caravan''' 
1) a procession, in single file, of merchants or pilgrims
2) a procession of mules, camels or certain other animals. Sources: Online dictionary and wikipedia. 3) ''Caravan'' is a song by Van Morrison included on his 1970 album, ''Moondance''. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caravan_%28Van_Morrison_song%29 Caravan] 
Pilgrim has Pynchonian resonances, especially in ''Against the Day''. A-And, once again, notice the singleing up of lines.

4.07 '''cockade''' 
1) n. An ornament, such as a rosette or knot of ribbon, usually worn on the hat as a badge. [Alteration of obsolete cockard , from French.] 

2) Operational code name for Allied deception operations intended to draw attention away from Normandy prior to D-Day
[http://www.secondworldwar.co.uk/glossc.html]

Cf. pun: cock aid, esp. as Slothrop's 'condition' within ''Gravity's Rainbow'' is revealed.

4.07 '''the color of lead''' 
cockades are usually brightly colored. Lead is not. 

Lead is a malleable toxic metallic element, bluish-white in color that
tarnishes to a dull gray. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lead Lead] 

Lead is the only currency-carrying element which does not absorb nor emit heat. Entropic, so to speak. Another resonance for "toward the zero"? 

Lead is what bullets are made of.

4.12 '''corridors straight and functional''' 
More forced linearity.

4.31 '''But it is already light...light has come percolating in''' 
See also the opening lines of Pynchon's next book, 'Vineland', which begins with someone waking from a (possibly prophetic) dream, with light streaming in.

4.37 '''the different levels of the enormous room''' 
The transition from dream to waking is so subtle, and beautifully done, right down to little details, such as how the dreamer's real and dreamt surroundings cross over: the multi-levelled carriage of the dream becomes, on awaking, the room with many levels; the carriage's evacuees ('second sheep') become the room's 'drunken wastrels', etc.

==Page 5==
5.03 '''His name is Capt. Geoffrey ("Pirate") Prentice.''' 
Pirate’s name derives from Gilbert and Sullivan’s operetta ''The Pirates of Penzance'', in which the hero’s nurse has made a fateful error in carrying out her employer’s instructions: Instead of having the boy apprenticed to a (ship’s) '''pilot''', he was apprenticed to a pirate, hence a "'''pirate''' ‘prentice." The name, though, is not simply a fortuitous pun: In her error, the nurse has lost a message, like the hare of Herero myth, and thus guaranteed her young charge’s preterition. (There are also connections here to the theme of "communications entropy," which is central to ''The Crying of Lot 49'' and the short story "Entropy.")

5.03 '''He is wrapped in a thick blanket, a tartan of orange, rust, and scarlet. His skull feels made of metal.''' 

The rust in the tartan goes well with the metal-feeling skull. And there's a lot of metal in the preceding pages - lead, girders, the iron queen, the metal train tracks, etc. So it's appropriate that Prentice wakes feeling metallic.

5.22-24 '''not far from Chelsea Embankment, by Corydon Throsp, an acquaintance of the Rossettis' who wore hair smocks and liked to cultivate pharmaceutical plants up on the roof''' 

This is a pretty posh address for this lot, is it not? Kensington? The area includes the famous Chenye Walk where Keith Richards, not unfamiliar with Osbie Feel's kind of mushrooms, once lived. As did Rossetti, who we're told Throsp is on nodding terms with. Rosetti's wife died of a drug overdose, he took to keeping wombats as pets, one of these wombats used to attend the dinner table, and was said to have provided the inspiration for the Dormouse character in Alice in Wonderland.

That Dormouse's advice - "feed your head" - was used at the end of Jefferson Airplane's mushroom flavoured, Alice-inspired song 'White Rabbit'. Way later on in the book, Slothrop has a dream in which a statue of the White Rabbit in Llandudno is giving him sage advice, but he loses it as he wakes. Oddly enough, the drug that killed Rosetti's wife was laudanum, which isn't very different from 'Llandudno'. Of course that's almost certainly just a coincidence, but all of the foregoing is the sort of stuff you find yourself digging up by chasing after the countless references Pynchon sews into the fabric of the book.

5.32 '''all got scumbled together, eventually, by the knives of the seasons, to an impasto, feet thick, of unbelievable black topsoil''' 

Didn't notice 'scumbled' first time round, I was going too fast. Second
read I looked it up. Scumbled? Isn't that some sort of painting
technique? Pynchon make a mistake there? Mean to say scrambled?
Hmmmmmmmm. Then I thought of the 'knives' bit, wondered if artists might
use a [http://painting.about.com/od/paintingforbeginners/a/Painting_Knife.htm palette knife] to do this scumbling business. A Google search for
"scumble knife palette " found me this:

http://www.messums.com/sub_newsview.ink?nid=11191

"Hard impasto ridges left by the edge of the knife provided the texture
I needed to bring the waves crashing in."

[http://www.thefreedictionary.com/impasto Impasto] eh? I thought that just meant paste. So the knives in "knives of
the seasons" makes perfect sense. And Dictionary.com throws up another
interesting nugget:

http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=scumbled

"To blur the outlines of: a writer who scumbled the line that divides
history and fiction."

Apt example!

A-and the wonderful phrase, "knives of the seasons" embodies another lifelong deep theme in Pynchon's work: that the 'wheeling' of time [see later in ''Gravity's Rainbow'' and ''Against the Day''], the cycle of nature, is an ineluctable good thing, even as it knifes us, ravages, us. It thickens us, impasto-like, gives us topsoil in our characters, so to speak.
 

==Page 6==

[[image:dna-molecule.jpg|thumb|100px|right]]6.09 '''a spiral ladder''' 
Suggests the double-helix structure of the DNA molecule that preserves the "living genetic chains" evoked at [[Pages 7-16#10|10.14]]. 
Double-helix structure like a mandala, pervasive in GR: 
"Mandala" is an ancient Sanskrit word meaning "sacred circle that protects the soul." It also refers to the sacred cosmograms that serve as core symbols of all cultures. Westerners have been fascinated for centuries about the mandalas of the Hindu-Buddhist cultures of Asia, most often painted geometric diagrams of great beauty and sophistication, that draw the viewer into a realm of balance, harmony, and calm. But such diagrams are actually architectural blueprints of the purified realm of bliss that we can only realize through enlightenment. They represent three-dimensional spaces of personal and communal exaltation, palaces for the regal confidence of love, compassion, and universal satisfaction of self and other. Understanding their role in anchoring the world-picture of a culture or a person provides a new insight into the "mandalas" of our own culture – the national space anchored by the Washington monument and its environs, or the personal cosmological space anchored by the models of the solar system, '''the DNA double-helix molecule''', and the atom. [http://www.amazon.com/Mandala-Enlightenment-Denise-Patry-Leidy/dp/1585678503 Mandala]
 

A recent scientific magazine also had an essay [citation needed] on the similarity of the double-helix sructure and the structure of the mandala. A-and, GR, containing mandalas, has been argued to be structured like a mandala. SPOILER of upcoming GR tropes: "Slothrop finds mandalas, sees mandalas in the sky and all around him, and becomes a mandala himself".
"mandalas are part of a spiritual or mythic panoply"...
From ''Thomas Pynchon, The Art of Illusion'' by David Cowart, p. 126.

Cf. p. 209, ''Mason & Dixon'': " oblique angles with all meridians and that is a spiral coiling round the poles but never reaching them."...

Cf. ''V.'' where the isle of Malta is also likened to a sort of mandala.

==Page 7==
7.09 '''Pick bananas''' 
Pirate's decision after a paragraph on the inevitablity of the rocket's flight can remind one of a famous Buddhist sutra on picking a strawberry:
The Sweetest Strawberry 
Buddha told a parable in a sutra: 
A man traveling across a field encountered a tiger. He fled, the tiger after him. Coming to a precipice, he caught hold of the root of a wild vine and swung himself down over the edge. The tiger sniffed at him from above. Trembling, the man looked down to where, far below, another tiger was waiting to eat him. Only the vine sustained him. Two mice, one white and one black, little by little started to gnaw away the vine. The man saw a luscious strawberry near him. Grasping the vine with one hand, he plucked the strawberry with the other. How sweet it tasted! 
-Paul Reps, ''Zen Flesh, Zen Bones'' 
from ''Everyday Mind'', edited by Jean Smith
[[http://www.tricycle.com/issues/2_174/dailydharma/3192-1.html]]

'''seven squares''' 
The use of the squares to separate chapters was suggested by the production department or editors of GR, not by Pynchon himself. See Edward Mendelson, "Gravity's Encyclopedia," fn. 4.

Gerald Howard, [http://www.bookforum.com/archive/sum_05/pynchon.html Bookforum]: ''"It is generally thought that the line of seven squares that serves as a graphic device to separate the unnumbered chapters in the novel is meant to suggest the sprocket holes in film reels, indicating that the book is to be "read" cinematically as a kind of film in prose. Wrong. In one of his letters Kennebeck refers pointedly to the "oblong holes" in censored correspondence from World War II soldiers, then termed V-mail (there's that letter again), and in a letter to Donald Barthelme accompanying a finished copy of the book, Kennebeck makes jocular mention of the sprocket-hole theory, first floated in the Poirier review, and comments, "I little knew what I was contributing to the history of literature." Sometimes a rectangle is just a rectangle—or maybe a censor's mark."''

A further angle on the squares is this: they are ''vignettes''. Regard the etymology and definition of the word (from Wiktionary http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/vignette)
:

'''Etymology''':
First attested in 1751. From French vignette, diminutive of vigne (“vine”) < Latin vīnea < vīnum (“wine”).

'''Definition''':

(architecture) A running ornament consisting of leaves and tendrils, used in Gothic architecture.

(printing) A decorative design, originally representing vine branches or tendrils, at the head of a chapter, of a manuscript or printed book, or in a similar position.

(by extension) Any small borderless picture in a book, especially an engraving, photograph, or the like, which vanishes gradually at the edge.

(by extension) A short story that presents a scene or tableau, or paints a picture.

The small picture on a postage stamp.

Lends new meaning to the line "Tonight they will shoot ''wine''."

{{GR PbP}}

T

2010-05-04T15:11:32Z

Gruff: more italics on toilet joke

'''Tägliche Rundschau''' 
434; German: "The Daily Panorama"; "discarded copies of" in Berlin

'''Taj Mahal''' 
This mausoleum on the southern bank of the Yamuna (Jumna) River, outside Agra in India was built by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his wife, Arjumand Banu Begam, also called Mumtaz Mahal ("Chosen One of the Palace"), of which the name Taj Mahal is a corruption. It took 22 years to complete; 637

'''Takeshi''' 
See [[K#komical|Komical Kamikazes]]

'''Tallis, Thomas (c. 1505–1585)''' 
129; An English composer. Tallis flourished as a church musician in 16th century Tudor England.

'''Tamara''' 
247; at de la Perlimpinpin party; 261

'''Tannhäuser''' 
Tannhäuserism (love of being taken under mountains), 299; "even a Minnesinger needs to be alone" 299; "the Singing Nincompoop" 364; See also Lisaura

'''Tannoy''' 
127; Tannoy Ltd is an English manufacturer of loudspeakers and public-address (PA) systems. It became a household name as a result of supplying PA systems to the armed forces during World War II, and to Butlins and Pontins holiday camps after the war.

'''Tantivy''' 
See [[M#mucker|Mucker-Maffick, Oliver "Tantivy"]]

'''Tarot''' 
Judgment, 152; "shuffling the ancient decks oily and worn, throwing down swords and cups and trumps major" 413; The Fool, 501, 724, 742; "Der Grob Säugling, 23rd card of the Zone's trumps major" 707; "choose the world" 718; "The scene itself must be read as a card: what is to come" 724; Queen of Cups, 735; A.E. Waite, 738; 746-49; [[Weissmann's Tarot]]; [[Slothrop's Tarot]]; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rider-Waite The Entire Rider-Waite Deck]

'''Tauschzentrale''' 
366; German: "bartering" or "exchange" "center"; in Berlin; "all her husband's clothes have been traded for food at the" 572;

'''Tavistock Institute''' 
276; The Tavistock Institute of Human Relations is an interdisciplinary organization in London which concentrates on human relations in the family, the work group, and organizations. British psychiatrist R.D. Laing (1927-89) conducted research there from 1960-89.

<div id="tchitcherine">'''Tchitcherine, Vaslav'''</div>
290; Soviet intelligence officer; half-brother of Enzian; "mad scavenger" who officially reports to the TsAGE (Central Aero & Hydrodynamics Institute in Moscow) (1935-36); has need to annihilate the Schwarzkommando and "his mythical half-brother Enzian"; described, 337, 383; comes from Nihilist stock, 338; stationed in Central Asia in "early Stalin days" 338; "a raving snowman over the winter marshes" "a giant supermolecule. . .so many open bonds available" 345; story of his father, 350-52; 499; Kirghiz Light, 508, 510; "fear would always keep him from going all the way in" 566; illumination of, 611; 700; initiation into "bodyhood of steel" 702; "her graying steel barbarian" 718; "the Red Doper" 719; meets Enzian, 734; stays with Geli, 735; See also Kirghiz Light

'''TDY''' 
54; temporary duty

'''Technische Hochschule (T.H.)''' 
Mondaugen: "[Pökler's] old friend from the T.H. Munich" 160; "Glimpf, Professor of Mathematics of the Technische Hochschule, Darmstadt, Scientific advisor to the Allied Military Government" 309; "Zwitter is from the T.H. Munich" 313; Jamf lecturing Pökler's class, 577; "the greyness of certain crowds in the beerhalls back at the T.H." 579; 580;

'''[[Technology in Gravity's Rainbow|TECHNOLOGY]]''' 
See also [[#technische|Technische Hochscule]]; [[#they|They]]

'''Teilhard de Chardin, Pierre (d. 1955)''' 
539; Jesuit paleontologist and mystical philosopher

'''Telangiecstasis, Spyros ("Spider")''' 
389; Radarman 2nd Class on Badass

'''Tenniel's Alice''' 
247; Sir John Tenniel (1820-1914) was a cartoonist and artist who created almost 2000 cartoons for the humor magazine, Punch, but who is probably most famous for the illustrations he did for Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1864); [MORE]

'''Tennyson, Alfred (1809-1892)''' 
Better known as "Alfred, Lord Tennyson"; was Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom during much of Queen Victoria's reign and remains one of the most popular poets in the English language; "Tennysonian comfort of saying 'someone' has blundered", [[Pages 269-278#Page 270|270.14]]

'''TerBorch, Gerard (1617-81)''' 
Dutch Baroque painter whose genre pieces and portraits depict with grace and fidelity the atmosphere of middle-class life in 17th-century Holland. His works consist almost equally of portraits and genre pieces, with his usually delicate technique best reflected in the portraits which are painted on an almost miniature scale; "[Blicero] flings a boot-tree at a precious TerBorch" 104

'''Ter Meer, Dr. Fritz''' 
631; according to Sasuly, "Ter Meer was one of the half-dozen most important men in the IG: he was considered an outstanding scientiest; [...] he was a member of the IG managing board of directors. [...] [When asked after the war] if he felt that experiments on human beings were justifiable [,] he argued that ... no harm had been done to these KZ [concentration camp] inmates as they would have been killed anyway." (p.125-26)

'''T-Force''' 
558; "Officially [Chiclitz] is one of the American industrialists out here with the T Force, scouting German engineering, secret weaponry in particular"

'''T.H''' 
see ''Technische Hochschule'' above

'''Thanatz Alpdrucken, Reichssieger von''' 
142; "champion Weimaraner for 1941" in Pointsman's dreams of chase

'''Thanatz, Karel Miklos''' 
461; ["Thanatos" is Greek for "death]; husband of Greta Erdmann; aka Karel [a fairly common Czech name], 461; with Blicero, 464; reading whip scars, 484, 641; "he may have seen the actual firing" 562; with Pole who wants lightening to hit him, 663; 663-73; at homosexual community ("175-Stadt"), 666-67; at Sachsa's seances, 668; kidnapped by anti-Lublinites, 669; sex with Bianca, 670; taken by Schwarzkommando, 671; "he lost Gottfried" 671; "the angel [the Erdschweinhöhlers] have hoped for" 672; 736; "is [Sado-anarchism's] leading theoretician in the Zone these days" 737

'''Thayer's Slippery Elm Throat Lozenges''' 
18; sent to Slothrop in London by Nalline S.; 116; [Thayers.com]

'''theatre''' 
"it's all theatre" 3; "theatrically bitter" 133; "magnificent stone theatre" 148; "theatre nothing but Walter really look at head phony angle" 152; "just down the street from the theatre" 174; "you're in the wrong theatre of operations" 201; "every occupation town in the Theatre" 247; "only elaborate theatre to fool you" 267; "tears which are not all theatre" 302; "Perhaps it's theater" 326; "elaborate piece of theatre" 352; street-theatre, 399; "Mediterranean theatre" 438; "under a theatre marquee whose sentient bulbs may have looked on" 464; "this War. . .was all theatre" 521; "the elaborate theatrical foofooraw of Mob 'n' Masons" 586; "all become theatre" 722; "not without theatre" 743; "above the roof of this old theatre" 760; See also [[A#actors|actors/directors]]; [[F#film|film/cinema references]]; [[K#kingkong|King Kong]]; [[M#movies|movies]]; [[U#ufa|Ufa-theatre]]

'''Theil, Dr. Walter''' 
423; chemical engineer killed in British air-raid on Peenemünde in August 1943; 427

<div id="theophile"></div>'''Theophile''' 
247; [Greek: "god loving"]; friend of Italo's who is trying to smuggle a Sherman tank into Palestine

'''Thermidor''' 
"Thermidor" corresponded to July in the French republican calendar adopted in 1793 during the French Revolution, which dating system was intended to replace the Gregorian calendar with a more rational system devoid of Christian associations. The Gregorian calendar was reestablished by the Napoleonic regime on January 1, 1806; Mexico recalling "the sweaty evenings of" 713

'''Thesean brushings''' 
According to Greek myth, Theseus, the son of King Aegeus of Athens, went to Crete and slew the half-human, half-bull Minotaur, kept by King Minos (son of Zeus and Europa) in his Labyrinth (built by Daedalus). The Athenians had been sending seven youths and seven maidens to Crete each year to be set loose in the Labyrinth and eaten by the Minotaur. This yearly reparation was Minos' revenge for the jealous Athenians having killed Minos' son because of his victory over Athens in athletic games. King Aegeus sent his son Theseus as one of the seven youths in the next year's sacrifice. However, King Minos' daughter Ariadne had fallen in love with Theseus and so provided him with an indestructible clew to unwind as he entered the Labyrinth. He handily slew the Minotaur and was able to exit the Labyrinth; "[Pointsman's] lonely Thesean brushings down his polished corridors of years" 141; See also [[L#labyrinth|labyrinth]]; [[Weaving the Web]]

'''THEY''' 
::Jessica notes a coal-black Packard up a side street, filled with dark-suited civilians. Their white collars rigid in the shadows.

::"Who're they?"

::[Mexico] shrugs: "they" is good enough. "Not a friendly lot." (40)

"'They' embracing possibilities far far beyond Nazi Germany" 25; "They" conversation (Major-General), 33; "(They?)" 72; "he's begun to suspect, darkly, any number of Someones Over Here" 108; "an act of suicide [...] which in its pathology, in its dreamless version of the real, the Empire commits by the thousands every day, completely unaware of what it's doing" 129; "The true king only dies a mock death. [...] Any number of young men may be selected to die in his place while the real king, foxy old bastard, goes on." 131; "death-by-government" 176; 177; 195; "two orders of being" 202; "a clutch mechanism between [Slothrop] and Their iron-cased engine" 207; "Mothers work for Them!" 219; "if there is a life force operating in Nature, still there is nothing so analogous in a bureaucracy. . .It all comes down. . .to the desires of individual men" 228; "All the animals, the plants, the minerals, even other kinds of men, are being broken and reassembled every day, to preserve an elite few, who are the loudest to theorize on freedom, but the least free of all." 230; 285; "They extinguish. . .not remind" 438; no physical locale, 251; "They would not be who or where They are without a touch of Dante to Their notions of reprisal." 350; "They sure must have the budget, all right. Look at this desolation, all built then hammered back into pieces" 374; "a system whose only aim is to violate the Cycle. Taking and not giving back, [...] removing from the rest of the World these vast quantities of energy to keep its own tiny desperate fraction showing a profit: [...] most of the World, animal, vegetable and mineral, is laid waste in the process" 412; "innocence and its many uses" 419; keeping Earth "for the numb and joyless hardons of. . .human elite" 521; "It is possible that They will not die. That it is now within the state of Their art to go on forever" 539; "They need our terror for Their survival" 539; "There's something still on, don't call it a 'war' if it makes you nervous, maybe the deasth rate's gone down a point or two [...] but Their enterprise goes on" 628; "necktie or cock" 637; "Creative paranoia means developing at least as thorough a We-system as a They-system" 638; "They will come and shut off the water first" 694; 697; "Their mission in this world is Bad Shit" 712; "Which is worse: living on as Their pet, or death? 713; "It is our mission to promote death. . .holding down the green uprising." 720; "submission and dominance are resources it needs for its very survival" 737; See also [[E#entropy|entropy/closed systems]]; [[Paranoia in Gravity's Rainbow|paranoia]]; [[Technology in Gravity's Rainbow|Technology]]

'''Things That Can Happen in European Politics''' 
77; Pudding's project which falls victim to Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle and/or Gödel's Incompleteness Theorem; 275

'''Third Term''' 
270; Franklin D. Roosevelt's third term, 1940-44

'''Thomas, Lowell (1892-1981)''' 
266; An American writer, broadcaster, and traveller best known as the man who made Lawrence of Arabia famous. So varied were Thomas's activities that when it came time for the Library of Congress to catalog his memoirs they were forced to put them in "CT" ("biographies of subjects who do not fit into any other category") in their classification.

'''Throsp, Corydon''' 
5; erected maisonette where Pirate and Bloat live; cultivated pharmaceutical plants on the roof; medieval fantasies, 10

'''Throwster, Aaron''' 
82; colleague of Pointsman's; "ARF's resident neurosurgeon" 113; 146; 227

'''Thuringia''' 
640; central German state in which Nordhausen is located; Thuringian, 240; sands, 306 [MAP]

'''Thyssen, Fritz (1873-1951)''' 
Leading German industrialist was a member of one of the world's wealthiest families and a major financial backer of Adolf Hitler's rise to power. After inheriting his father's fortune and industrial empire, he shrewdly combined the family holdings into a trust (Vereinigte Stahlwerke AG [United Steelworks Co.]) which controlled more than 75 percent of Germany's ore reserve and employed 200,000 workers. Like many German industrial leaders, he worried about the rise of socialism and was an early backer of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party. He worked hard to get Hitler elected and was then rewarded by being appointed to the German Economic Council. Because he really only supported the anti-socialist positions of the Nazis, he broke with Hitler and fled to Switzerland when Hitler led Germany into war and began persecuting Jews and Catholics (Thyssen was a Catholic); conspiring with Stinnes and Krupp to ruin the mark, after WWI, 285

'''T.I.''' 
20; Technical Intelligence wing of English army

'''Tiergarten''' 
367; German: "zoo (lit. animal garden); this is the central park in Berlin

'''Tierpark''' 
419; German: "zoological gardens"; at Zwölfkinder

'''time''' 
"He'd seen himself a point on a moving wavefront, propagating through sterile history--a known past, a projectable future" 126; "to keep Grid Time synchronized with Greenwich Mean Time" 133; "spirits from other parts of the veld--for time and space on their side have no meaning, all is together" 153; penetrating the moment, 158; "slices of time growing thinner" 159; "There is the moment, and its possibilities" 159; all at once,165; secular, 169; "the clock ratcheting time minutewise into their past" 193; war reconfiguring, 257; "isolate inside the way time is passing" 303; "the true momentum of his time" 312; "time- modulation peculiar to Oneirine" 389; future/past, 400; "the space and time were Blicero's own" 486; "no serial time over there; events all there in the same eternal moment" 624; "the oneway flow of European time" 724; "herding us through time" 724; "a presence, analogous to the Aether, flows through time" 726; "his time's assembly" 738; "time is a funny thing" 752; See also [[D#deltat|delta-t]]; [[H#history|history]]; [[Too late...|TOO LATE]];

'''Time magazine''' 
463; American weekly "news" magazine

'''Titaniapalast''' 
446; "Across the façade of the" in Berlin

'''Titanic, the''' 
British luxury passenger liner that struck an iceberg and sank on April 14-15, 1912, en route to New York City from Southampton, England, during its maiden voyage. at a point about 400 miles (640 km) south of Newfoundland. Of the 2200 aboard, about 1,515 perished; "And come aboard the Titanic, things'll really be manic/Folks'll panic the second that sunken iceberg is knocked" 462-63

'''Tivoli''' 
121; club in London

'''Togo, Admiral Heihachiro (1848-1934)''' 
Led the Japanese fleet to victory in the Russo-Japanese War in 1863. In a desperate move, the Russians dispatched their Baltic fleet to Japan, meeting Togo's forces on May 27 in the Tsushima Strait, which connects the Sea of Japan with the East China Sea. Togo "crossed the enemy's T"--i.e., he turned his column across the Russian line of advance--and destroyed 33 out of the 35 Russian ships, ending the war; "hand[ed] Rozhdestvenski's ass to him" in the waters between Japan and Korea, 350

'''Toiletship''' 
448; aka Rücksichtslos (German: "inconsiderate" or "ruthless"); Swinemünde to Helgoland, 450; "a wind tunnel's all it is. If tensor analysis is good enough for turbulence, it ought to be good enough for history" 451;

joke of flaming toilet paper taken from the book "Flushed With Pride": ''One must be frank and admit that not all of Crapper’s developments met with immediate success. What was called the Trough Closet was, it would have appeared, a dandy idea for an inexpensive yet efficient flushing system for rows of toilets ‘in Schools, Workhouses, Factories, etc.’ A huge cistern flushed the water down through all the toilets (‘Quotations given for any number of Persons’) and then into a trough underneath which, like a little underground stream, carried all away. But Crapper had not reckoned with the devilment of the boys in the workhouses, who had very little fun anyway.

''Boys used to crumple up a big bit of paper, set light to it and drop it down the toilet upstream, to have the occupants leaping into the air with howls of anguish as it floated along to the outlet. This made it necessary for Crapper to bring out his Improved Trough Closet Range in 1902 in which each toilet had a water seal underneath and thus ‘all the objections hitherto raised to Trough Closets are removed’.

from Flushed With Pride, The Story of Thomas Crapper by Wallace Reyburn, published in the UK in 1969 and in the US in 1971.''
''

''' Toledos''' 
1935; Scales from the company Toledo Scale, founded in Columbus, OH in 1901; now known as Mettler Toledo

'''Tootsie Roll''' 
493: "see the sugar bowl do the Tootsie Roll with the big, bad, Devil's food cake"; [http:/www.tootsie.com/]

'''Tosks and Ghegs''' 
Two distinct Albanian social groups/cultures each with its own dialect and separated geographically by the Shkumbin River with the Ghegs (or Gegs) in the north and the Tosks in the south. The Ghegs were renowned for their independent spirit and fighting abilities, while the Tosks were more of a semifeudal society and more subject to foregin influences due to their southern territories being more accessible to the ouside world. The communist movement drew most of its support from the Tosks, taking over in 1944. Since then, the differences between the two have greatly lessened; 549

'''Tracy, Alfonso''' 
582-83; owned the defective pinball machines; Great Pinball Difficulty, 581

'''Tracy, Mable''' 
582; wife of Alfonso

'''Tracy, Spencer (1900-1967)''' 
266; An American theatrical and film actor, who appeared in 74 films from 1930 to 1967. The American Film Institute ranked Tracy 9th among the Greatest Male Stars of All Time. He was nominated for nine Academy Awards for Best Actor in all, winning two. The reference in ''GR'' is to his role as the African explorer Henry Stanley in the 1939 film ''Stanley and Livingston''.

<div id="Transmarginal"></div>'''Transmarginal Phases''' 
48,49,50,78,79; Ongoing sequential responses to '''overwhelming''' stimulus (1) equivalent phase - all stimuli have same expected response; (2) paradoxical phase - weak stimulus=strong response - vice versa; (3) ultraparadoxical phase - stimuli produce opposite response (ie if previously attracted to the stimuli, now reject it) and vice versa - confuse ideas of opposite

'''Treacle, Edwin''' 
85; 92; "most Freudian of psychic researchers" in Psi Section of White Visitation; 146; recent dreams of flight, 146; 153; "setting up a practice" 273; "I'll show you a giant ape" 276

'''Tree of Life''' 
"It is not only a sudden white genital onset in the sky--it is also, perhaps, a Tree...." 694; Kabbalist, 747; "Now the Sephiroth fall into a pattern, which is called the" 753; "the Tree itself is a unity, rooted exactly at the Bodenplatte" 753;

'''Trefoil, Gavin''' 
33; can change the melanin content of his skin to change his color; 124; 147; 215; 276

'''tripos''' 
31; a final honors exam at Cambridge university, originally in mathematics

<div id="geli">'''Tripping, Geli (pronounced: "Gaily")'''</div>
290; lover of Tchitcherine; lives in Nordhausen; lover of Slothrop; "pretty young witch straddling an A4" 293; 494; thinks she's a witch, 500; witch ritual, 717; "the World-choosing sort" 718; with Tchitcherine, 733-35; "the young witch" 734

'''Trotha, Gen. Lothar von''' 
362; German who led wholesale slaughter of Hereros in Südwest in 1904; exhibit at Zwölfkinder, 422; 563

'''Trotsky''' 
Trotskyite block, 189; Trotsky a former patron at the Odeon, 262; 338; "some beasrded old unreconstructed geezer of a Trotskyite" 399;

'''Trudi''' 
365; Säure's sidekick; her boyfriend is Gustav, 366; 684-85; Bodine spending more time with, 741

'''Truman, Harry S. (1884-1972)''' 
Succeeding Roosevelt upon his death, Truman was the 33rd president of the United States (1945-53). He moved the U.S. into international confrontation with Soviet and Chinese communism and worked to preserve the New Deal reforms; "'Emil, who's that guy in the glasses?'" 373; "the dapper, bespectacled stranger [...] the face that has silently dissolved in to replace the one Slothrop never saw and now never will" 381; 382; "famous Missouri Mason" 588

'''TsAGI''' 
273; Tsentral'niy Aerogidrondinamicheskiy Institute; "Officially [Tchitcherine] reports to TsAGI, which is the Central Aero and Hydrodynamics Institute in Moscow" 337; 391; 706;

'''Tungsram''' 
647; light bulb manufacturer "in Budapest" that was supposed to have created Byron T.B.

<div id="twelfth">'''Twelfth House'''</div>
274; new [[P#pisces|PISCES]] branch office on Gallaho Mews in London; so named by Webley Silvernail because Pisces is the 12th House in the Zodiac; Pointsman transferred there, 533

'''Typhoid Mary''' 
739; one who spreads a disease

'''typographical errors''' 
"pharnyx" should be "pharynx" 14; "at here at" should be "as here at" 32; "Strobe's" should be "Jamf's" (appears in early Viking editions), 86; "Nichols" should be "Nicholls" 94; "but God's sake" should be "but for God's sake", 120; "heart-transfer" should be "heat-transfer" 223 [[N#nusselt|perhaps not a typo]]; parenthesis at "(after you get..." doesn't close, 411; "Isle" should be "Ilse" 414; "airpseed" should be "airspeed" 454; "ecclesiatical" should be "ecclesiastical" 468; "elctro- decor" should be "electro-decor" 518; "Leunahalluziationen" should be "Leunahalluzinationen" 523; "is is" should be "it is" 715; "then" should be "than" 732; "Zundung" should be "Zündung" 758

{{GR Alpha Nav}}

T

2010-05-04T15:10:33Z

Gruff: added source of flaming toilet paper joke - better in a link? please help

'''Tägliche Rundschau''' 
434; German: "The Daily Panorama"; "discarded copies of" in Berlin

'''Taj Mahal''' 
This mausoleum on the southern bank of the Yamuna (Jumna) River, outside Agra in India was built by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his wife, Arjumand Banu Begam, also called Mumtaz Mahal ("Chosen One of the Palace"), of which the name Taj Mahal is a corruption. It took 22 years to complete; 637

'''Takeshi''' 
See [[K#komical|Komical Kamikazes]]

'''Tallis, Thomas (c. 1505–1585)''' 
129; An English composer. Tallis flourished as a church musician in 16th century Tudor England.

'''Tamara''' 
247; at de la Perlimpinpin party; 261

'''Tannhäuser''' 
Tannhäuserism (love of being taken under mountains), 299; "even a Minnesinger needs to be alone" 299; "the Singing Nincompoop" 364; See also Lisaura

'''Tannoy''' 
127; Tannoy Ltd is an English manufacturer of loudspeakers and public-address (PA) systems. It became a household name as a result of supplying PA systems to the armed forces during World War II, and to Butlins and Pontins holiday camps after the war.

'''Tantivy''' 
See [[M#mucker|Mucker-Maffick, Oliver "Tantivy"]]

'''Tarot''' 
Judgment, 152; "shuffling the ancient decks oily and worn, throwing down swords and cups and trumps major" 413; The Fool, 501, 724, 742; "Der Grob Säugling, 23rd card of the Zone's trumps major" 707; "choose the world" 718; "The scene itself must be read as a card: what is to come" 724; Queen of Cups, 735; A.E. Waite, 738; 746-49; [[Weissmann's Tarot]]; [[Slothrop's Tarot]]; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rider-Waite The Entire Rider-Waite Deck]

'''Tauschzentrale''' 
366; German: "bartering" or "exchange" "center"; in Berlin; "all her husband's clothes have been traded for food at the" 572;

'''Tavistock Institute''' 
276; The Tavistock Institute of Human Relations is an interdisciplinary organization in London which concentrates on human relations in the family, the work group, and organizations. British psychiatrist R.D. Laing (1927-89) conducted research there from 1960-89.

<div id="tchitcherine">'''Tchitcherine, Vaslav'''</div>
290; Soviet intelligence officer; half-brother of Enzian; "mad scavenger" who officially reports to the TsAGE (Central Aero & Hydrodynamics Institute in Moscow) (1935-36); has need to annihilate the Schwarzkommando and "his mythical half-brother Enzian"; described, 337, 383; comes from Nihilist stock, 338; stationed in Central Asia in "early Stalin days" 338; "a raving snowman over the winter marshes" "a giant supermolecule. . .so many open bonds available" 345; story of his father, 350-52; 499; Kirghiz Light, 508, 510; "fear would always keep him from going all the way in" 566; illumination of, 611; 700; initiation into "bodyhood of steel" 702; "her graying steel barbarian" 718; "the Red Doper" 719; meets Enzian, 734; stays with Geli, 735; See also Kirghiz Light

'''TDY''' 
54; temporary duty

'''Technische Hochschule (T.H.)''' 
Mondaugen: "[Pökler's] old friend from the T.H. Munich" 160; "Glimpf, Professor of Mathematics of the Technische Hochschule, Darmstadt, Scientific advisor to the Allied Military Government" 309; "Zwitter is from the T.H. Munich" 313; Jamf lecturing Pökler's class, 577; "the greyness of certain crowds in the beerhalls back at the T.H." 579; 580;

'''[[Technology in Gravity's Rainbow|TECHNOLOGY]]''' 
See also [[#technische|Technische Hochscule]]; [[#they|They]]

'''Teilhard de Chardin, Pierre (d. 1955)''' 
539; Jesuit paleontologist and mystical philosopher

'''Telangiecstasis, Spyros ("Spider")''' 
389; Radarman 2nd Class on Badass

'''Tenniel's Alice''' 
247; Sir John Tenniel (1820-1914) was a cartoonist and artist who created almost 2000 cartoons for the humor magazine, Punch, but who is probably most famous for the illustrations he did for Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1864); [MORE]

'''Tennyson, Alfred (1809-1892)''' 
Better known as "Alfred, Lord Tennyson"; was Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom during much of Queen Victoria's reign and remains one of the most popular poets in the English language; "Tennysonian comfort of saying 'someone' has blundered", [[Pages 269-278#Page 270|270.14]]

'''TerBorch, Gerard (1617-81)''' 
Dutch Baroque painter whose genre pieces and portraits depict with grace and fidelity the atmosphere of middle-class life in 17th-century Holland. His works consist almost equally of portraits and genre pieces, with his usually delicate technique best reflected in the portraits which are painted on an almost miniature scale; "[Blicero] flings a boot-tree at a precious TerBorch" 104

'''Ter Meer, Dr. Fritz''' 
631; according to Sasuly, "Ter Meer was one of the half-dozen most important men in the IG: he was considered an outstanding scientiest; [...] he was a member of the IG managing board of directors. [...] [When asked after the war] if he felt that experiments on human beings were justifiable [,] he argued that ... no harm had been done to these KZ [concentration camp] inmates as they would have been killed anyway." (p.125-26)

'''T-Force''' 
558; "Officially [Chiclitz] is one of the American industrialists out here with the T Force, scouting German engineering, secret weaponry in particular"

'''T.H''' 
see ''Technische Hochschule'' above

'''Thanatz Alpdrucken, Reichssieger von''' 
142; "champion Weimaraner for 1941" in Pointsman's dreams of chase

'''Thanatz, Karel Miklos''' 
461; ["Thanatos" is Greek for "death]; husband of Greta Erdmann; aka Karel [a fairly common Czech name], 461; with Blicero, 464; reading whip scars, 484, 641; "he may have seen the actual firing" 562; with Pole who wants lightening to hit him, 663; 663-73; at homosexual community ("175-Stadt"), 666-67; at Sachsa's seances, 668; kidnapped by anti-Lublinites, 669; sex with Bianca, 670; taken by Schwarzkommando, 671; "he lost Gottfried" 671; "the angel [the Erdschweinhöhlers] have hoped for" 672; 736; "is [Sado-anarchism's] leading theoretician in the Zone these days" 737

'''Thayer's Slippery Elm Throat Lozenges''' 
18; sent to Slothrop in London by Nalline S.; 116; [Thayers.com]

'''theatre''' 
"it's all theatre" 3; "theatrically bitter" 133; "magnificent stone theatre" 148; "theatre nothing but Walter really look at head phony angle" 152; "just down the street from the theatre" 174; "you're in the wrong theatre of operations" 201; "every occupation town in the Theatre" 247; "only elaborate theatre to fool you" 267; "tears which are not all theatre" 302; "Perhaps it's theater" 326; "elaborate piece of theatre" 352; street-theatre, 399; "Mediterranean theatre" 438; "under a theatre marquee whose sentient bulbs may have looked on" 464; "this War. . .was all theatre" 521; "the elaborate theatrical foofooraw of Mob 'n' Masons" 586; "all become theatre" 722; "not without theatre" 743; "above the roof of this old theatre" 760; See also [[A#actors|actors/directors]]; [[F#film|film/cinema references]]; [[K#kingkong|King Kong]]; [[M#movies|movies]]; [[U#ufa|Ufa-theatre]]

'''Theil, Dr. Walter''' 
423; chemical engineer killed in British air-raid on Peenemünde in August 1943; 427

<div id="theophile"></div>'''Theophile''' 
247; [Greek: "god loving"]; friend of Italo's who is trying to smuggle a Sherman tank into Palestine

'''Thermidor''' 
"Thermidor" corresponded to July in the French republican calendar adopted in 1793 during the French Revolution, which dating system was intended to replace the Gregorian calendar with a more rational system devoid of Christian associations. The Gregorian calendar was reestablished by the Napoleonic regime on January 1, 1806; Mexico recalling "the sweaty evenings of" 713

'''Thesean brushings''' 
According to Greek myth, Theseus, the son of King Aegeus of Athens, went to Crete and slew the half-human, half-bull Minotaur, kept by King Minos (son of Zeus and Europa) in his Labyrinth (built by Daedalus). The Athenians had been sending seven youths and seven maidens to Crete each year to be set loose in the Labyrinth and eaten by the Minotaur. This yearly reparation was Minos' revenge for the jealous Athenians having killed Minos' son because of his victory over Athens in athletic games. King Aegeus sent his son Theseus as one of the seven youths in the next year's sacrifice. However, King Minos' daughter Ariadne had fallen in love with Theseus and so provided him with an indestructible clew to unwind as he entered the Labyrinth. He handily slew the Minotaur and was able to exit the Labyrinth; "[Pointsman's] lonely Thesean brushings down his polished corridors of years" 141; See also [[L#labyrinth|labyrinth]]; [[Weaving the Web]]

'''THEY''' 
::Jessica notes a coal-black Packard up a side street, filled with dark-suited civilians. Their white collars rigid in the shadows.

::"Who're they?"

::[Mexico] shrugs: "they" is good enough. "Not a friendly lot." (40)

"'They' embracing possibilities far far beyond Nazi Germany" 25; "They" conversation (Major-General), 33; "(They?)" 72; "he's begun to suspect, darkly, any number of Someones Over Here" 108; "an act of suicide [...] which in its pathology, in its dreamless version of the real, the Empire commits by the thousands every day, completely unaware of what it's doing" 129; "The true king only dies a mock death. [...] Any number of young men may be selected to die in his place while the real king, foxy old bastard, goes on." 131; "death-by-government" 176; 177; 195; "two orders of being" 202; "a clutch mechanism between [Slothrop] and Their iron-cased engine" 207; "Mothers work for Them!" 219; "if there is a life force operating in Nature, still there is nothing so analogous in a bureaucracy. . .It all comes down. . .to the desires of individual men" 228; "All the animals, the plants, the minerals, even other kinds of men, are being broken and reassembled every day, to preserve an elite few, who are the loudest to theorize on freedom, but the least free of all." 230; 285; "They extinguish. . .not remind" 438; no physical locale, 251; "They would not be who or where They are without a touch of Dante to Their notions of reprisal." 350; "They sure must have the budget, all right. Look at this desolation, all built then hammered back into pieces" 374; "a system whose only aim is to violate the Cycle. Taking and not giving back, [...] removing from the rest of the World these vast quantities of energy to keep its own tiny desperate fraction showing a profit: [...] most of the World, animal, vegetable and mineral, is laid waste in the process" 412; "innocence and its many uses" 419; keeping Earth "for the numb and joyless hardons of. . .human elite" 521; "It is possible that They will not die. That it is now within the state of Their art to go on forever" 539; "They need our terror for Their survival" 539; "There's something still on, don't call it a 'war' if it makes you nervous, maybe the deasth rate's gone down a point or two [...] but Their enterprise goes on" 628; "necktie or cock" 637; "Creative paranoia means developing at least as thorough a We-system as a They-system" 638; "They will come and shut off the water first" 694; 697; "Their mission in this world is Bad Shit" 712; "Which is worse: living on as Their pet, or death? 713; "It is our mission to promote death. . .holding down the green uprising." 720; "submission and dominance are resources it needs for its very survival" 737; See also [[E#entropy|entropy/closed systems]]; [[Paranoia in Gravity's Rainbow|paranoia]]; [[Technology in Gravity's Rainbow|Technology]]

'''Things That Can Happen in European Politics''' 
77; Pudding's project which falls victim to Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle and/or Gödel's Incompleteness Theorem; 275

'''Third Term''' 
270; Franklin D. Roosevelt's third term, 1940-44

'''Thomas, Lowell (1892-1981)''' 
266; An American writer, broadcaster, and traveller best known as the man who made Lawrence of Arabia famous. So varied were Thomas's activities that when it came time for the Library of Congress to catalog his memoirs they were forced to put them in "CT" ("biographies of subjects who do not fit into any other category") in their classification.

'''Throsp, Corydon''' 
5; erected maisonette where Pirate and Bloat live; cultivated pharmaceutical plants on the roof; medieval fantasies, 10

'''Throwster, Aaron''' 
82; colleague of Pointsman's; "ARF's resident neurosurgeon" 113; 146; 227

'''Thuringia''' 
640; central German state in which Nordhausen is located; Thuringian, 240; sands, 306 [MAP]

'''Thyssen, Fritz (1873-1951)''' 
Leading German industrialist was a member of one of the world's wealthiest families and a major financial backer of Adolf Hitler's rise to power. After inheriting his father's fortune and industrial empire, he shrewdly combined the family holdings into a trust (Vereinigte Stahlwerke AG [United Steelworks Co.]) which controlled more than 75 percent of Germany's ore reserve and employed 200,000 workers. Like many German industrial leaders, he worried about the rise of socialism and was an early backer of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party. He worked hard to get Hitler elected and was then rewarded by being appointed to the German Economic Council. Because he really only supported the anti-socialist positions of the Nazis, he broke with Hitler and fled to Switzerland when Hitler led Germany into war and began persecuting Jews and Catholics (Thyssen was a Catholic); conspiring with Stinnes and Krupp to ruin the mark, after WWI, 285

'''T.I.''' 
20; Technical Intelligence wing of English army

'''Tiergarten''' 
367; German: "zoo (lit. animal garden); this is the central park in Berlin

'''Tierpark''' 
419; German: "zoological gardens"; at Zwölfkinder

'''time''' 
"He'd seen himself a point on a moving wavefront, propagating through sterile history--a known past, a projectable future" 126; "to keep Grid Time synchronized with Greenwich Mean Time" 133; "spirits from other parts of the veld--for time and space on their side have no meaning, all is together" 153; penetrating the moment, 158; "slices of time growing thinner" 159; "There is the moment, and its possibilities" 159; all at once,165; secular, 169; "the clock ratcheting time minutewise into their past" 193; war reconfiguring, 257; "isolate inside the way time is passing" 303; "the true momentum of his time" 312; "time- modulation peculiar to Oneirine" 389; future/past, 400; "the space and time were Blicero's own" 486; "no serial time over there; events all there in the same eternal moment" 624; "the oneway flow of European time" 724; "herding us through time" 724; "a presence, analogous to the Aether, flows through time" 726; "his time's assembly" 738; "time is a funny thing" 752; See also [[D#deltat|delta-t]]; [[H#history|history]]; [[Too late...|TOO LATE]];

'''Time magazine''' 
463; American weekly "news" magazine

'''Titaniapalast''' 
446; "Across the façade of the" in Berlin

'''Titanic, the''' 
British luxury passenger liner that struck an iceberg and sank on April 14-15, 1912, en route to New York City from Southampton, England, during its maiden voyage. at a point about 400 miles (640 km) south of Newfoundland. Of the 2200 aboard, about 1,515 perished; "And come aboard the Titanic, things'll really be manic/Folks'll panic the second that sunken iceberg is knocked" 462-63

'''Tivoli''' 
121; club in London

'''Togo, Admiral Heihachiro (1848-1934)''' 
Led the Japanese fleet to victory in the Russo-Japanese War in 1863. In a desperate move, the Russians dispatched their Baltic fleet to Japan, meeting Togo's forces on May 27 in the Tsushima Strait, which connects the Sea of Japan with the East China Sea. Togo "crossed the enemy's T"--i.e., he turned his column across the Russian line of advance--and destroyed 33 out of the 35 Russian ships, ending the war; "hand[ed] Rozhdestvenski's ass to him" in the waters between Japan and Korea, 350

'''Toiletship''' 
448; aka Rücksichtslos (German: "inconsiderate" or "ruthless"); Swinemünde to Helgoland, 450; "a wind tunnel's all it is. If tensor analysis is good enough for turbulence, it ought to be good enough for history" 451;

joke of flaming toilet paper taken from the book "Flushed With Pride": ''One must be frank and admit that not all of Crapper’s developments met with immediate success. What was called the Trough Closet was, it would have appeared, a dandy idea for an inexpensive yet efficient flushing system for rows of toilets ‘in Schools, Workhouses, Factories, etc.’ A huge cistern flushed the water down through all the toilets (‘Quotations given for any number of Persons’) and then into a trough underneath which, like a little underground stream, carried all away. But Crapper had not reckoned with the devilment of the boys in the workhouses, who had very little fun anyway.

Boys used to crumple up a big bit of paper, set light to it and drop it down the toilet upstream, to have the occupants leaping into the air with howls of anguish as it floated along to the outlet. This made it necessary for Crapper to bring out his Improved Trough Closet Range in 1902 in which each toilet had a water seal underneath and thus ‘all the objections hitherto raised to Trough Closets are removed’.

from Flushed With Pride, The Story of Thomas Crapper by Wallace Reyburn, published in the UK in 1969 and in the US in 1971.''

''' Toledos''' 
1935; Scales from the company Toledo Scale, founded in Columbus, OH in 1901; now known as Mettler Toledo

'''Tootsie Roll''' 
493: "see the sugar bowl do the Tootsie Roll with the big, bad, Devil's food cake"; [http:/www.tootsie.com/]

'''Tosks and Ghegs''' 
Two distinct Albanian social groups/cultures each with its own dialect and separated geographically by the Shkumbin River with the Ghegs (or Gegs) in the north and the Tosks in the south. The Ghegs were renowned for their independent spirit and fighting abilities, while the Tosks were more of a semifeudal society and more subject to foregin influences due to their southern territories being more accessible to the ouside world. The communist movement drew most of its support from the Tosks, taking over in 1944. Since then, the differences between the two have greatly lessened; 549

'''Tracy, Alfonso''' 
582-83; owned the defective pinball machines; Great Pinball Difficulty, 581

'''Tracy, Mable''' 
582; wife of Alfonso

'''Tracy, Spencer (1900-1967)''' 
266; An American theatrical and film actor, who appeared in 74 films from 1930 to 1967. The American Film Institute ranked Tracy 9th among the Greatest Male Stars of All Time. He was nominated for nine Academy Awards for Best Actor in all, winning two. The reference in ''GR'' is to his role as the African explorer Henry Stanley in the 1939 film ''Stanley and Livingston''.

<div id="Transmarginal"></div>'''Transmarginal Phases''' 
48,49,50,78,79; Ongoing sequential responses to '''overwhelming''' stimulus (1) equivalent phase - all stimuli have same expected response; (2) paradoxical phase - weak stimulus=strong response - vice versa; (3) ultraparadoxical phase - stimuli produce opposite response (ie if previously attracted to the stimuli, now reject it) and vice versa - confuse ideas of opposite

'''Treacle, Edwin''' 
85; 92; "most Freudian of psychic researchers" in Psi Section of White Visitation; 146; recent dreams of flight, 146; 153; "setting up a practice" 273; "I'll show you a giant ape" 276

'''Tree of Life''' 
"It is not only a sudden white genital onset in the sky--it is also, perhaps, a Tree...." 694; Kabbalist, 747; "Now the Sephiroth fall into a pattern, which is called the" 753; "the Tree itself is a unity, rooted exactly at the Bodenplatte" 753;

'''Trefoil, Gavin''' 
33; can change the melanin content of his skin to change his color; 124; 147; 215; 276

'''tripos''' 
31; a final honors exam at Cambridge university, originally in mathematics

<div id="geli">'''Tripping, Geli (pronounced: "Gaily")'''</div>
290; lover of Tchitcherine; lives in Nordhausen; lover of Slothrop; "pretty young witch straddling an A4" 293; 494; thinks she's a witch, 500; witch ritual, 717; "the World-choosing sort" 718; with Tchitcherine, 733-35; "the young witch" 734

'''Trotha, Gen. Lothar von''' 
362; German who led wholesale slaughter of Hereros in Südwest in 1904; exhibit at Zwölfkinder, 422; 563

'''Trotsky''' 
Trotskyite block, 189; Trotsky a former patron at the Odeon, 262; 338; "some beasrded old unreconstructed geezer of a Trotskyite" 399;

'''Trudi''' 
365; Säure's sidekick; her boyfriend is Gustav, 366; 684-85; Bodine spending more time with, 741

'''Truman, Harry S. (1884-1972)''' 
Succeeding Roosevelt upon his death, Truman was the 33rd president of the United States (1945-53). He moved the U.S. into international confrontation with Soviet and Chinese communism and worked to preserve the New Deal reforms; "'Emil, who's that guy in the glasses?'" 373; "the dapper, bespectacled stranger [...] the face that has silently dissolved in to replace the one Slothrop never saw and now never will" 381; 382; "famous Missouri Mason" 588

'''TsAGI''' 
273; Tsentral'niy Aerogidrondinamicheskiy Institute; "Officially [Tchitcherine] reports to TsAGI, which is the Central Aero and Hydrodynamics Institute in Moscow" 337; 391; 706;

'''Tungsram''' 
647; light bulb manufacturer "in Budapest" that was supposed to have created Byron T.B.

<div id="twelfth">'''Twelfth House'''</div>
274; new [[P#pisces|PISCES]] branch office on Gallaho Mews in London; so named by Webley Silvernail because Pisces is the 12th House in the Zodiac; Pointsman transferred there, 533

'''Typhoid Mary''' 
739; one who spreads a disease

'''typographical errors''' 
"pharnyx" should be "pharynx" 14; "at here at" should be "as here at" 32; "Strobe's" should be "Jamf's" (appears in early Viking editions), 86; "Nichols" should be "Nicholls" 94; "but God's sake" should be "but for God's sake", 120; "heart-transfer" should be "heat-transfer" 223 [[N#nusselt|perhaps not a typo]]; parenthesis at "(after you get..." doesn't close, 411; "Isle" should be "Ilse" 414; "airpseed" should be "airspeed" 454; "ecclesiatical" should be "ecclesiastical" 468; "elctro- decor" should be "electro-decor" 518; "Leunahalluziationen" should be "Leunahalluzinationen" 523; "is is" should be "it is" 715; "then" should be "than" 732; "Zundung" should be "Zündung" 758

{{GR Alpha Nav}}

T

2010-05-04T15:08:40Z

Gruff: added two typographical errors

'''Tägliche Rundschau''' 
434; German: "The Daily Panorama"; "discarded copies of" in Berlin

'''Taj Mahal''' 
This mausoleum on the southern bank of the Yamuna (Jumna) River, outside Agra in India was built by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his wife, Arjumand Banu Begam, also called Mumtaz Mahal ("Chosen One of the Palace"), of which the name Taj Mahal is a corruption. It took 22 years to complete; 637

'''Takeshi''' 
See [[K#komical|Komical Kamikazes]]

'''Tallis, Thomas (c. 1505–1585)''' 
129; An English composer. Tallis flourished as a church musician in 16th century Tudor England.

'''Tamara''' 
247; at de la Perlimpinpin party; 261

'''Tannhäuser''' 
Tannhäuserism (love of being taken under mountains), 299; "even a Minnesinger needs to be alone" 299; "the Singing Nincompoop" 364; See also Lisaura

'''Tannoy''' 
127; Tannoy Ltd is an English manufacturer of loudspeakers and public-address (PA) systems. It became a household name as a result of supplying PA systems to the armed forces during World War II, and to Butlins and Pontins holiday camps after the war.

'''Tantivy''' 
See [[M#mucker|Mucker-Maffick, Oliver "Tantivy"]]

'''Tarot''' 
Judgment, 152; "shuffling the ancient decks oily and worn, throwing down swords and cups and trumps major" 413; The Fool, 501, 724, 742; "Der Grob Säugling, 23rd card of the Zone's trumps major" 707; "choose the world" 718; "The scene itself must be read as a card: what is to come" 724; Queen of Cups, 735; A.E. Waite, 738; 746-49; [[Weissmann's Tarot]]; [[Slothrop's Tarot]]; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rider-Waite The Entire Rider-Waite Deck]

'''Tauschzentrale''' 
366; German: "bartering" or "exchange" "center"; in Berlin; "all her husband's clothes have been traded for food at the" 572;

'''Tavistock Institute''' 
276; The Tavistock Institute of Human Relations is an interdisciplinary organization in London which concentrates on human relations in the family, the work group, and organizations. British psychiatrist R.D. Laing (1927-89) conducted research there from 1960-89.

<div id="tchitcherine">'''Tchitcherine, Vaslav'''</div>
290; Soviet intelligence officer; half-brother of Enzian; "mad scavenger" who officially reports to the TsAGE (Central Aero & Hydrodynamics Institute in Moscow) (1935-36); has need to annihilate the Schwarzkommando and "his mythical half-brother Enzian"; described, 337, 383; comes from Nihilist stock, 338; stationed in Central Asia in "early Stalin days" 338; "a raving snowman over the winter marshes" "a giant supermolecule. . .so many open bonds available" 345; story of his father, 350-52; 499; Kirghiz Light, 508, 510; "fear would always keep him from going all the way in" 566; illumination of, 611; 700; initiation into "bodyhood of steel" 702; "her graying steel barbarian" 718; "the Red Doper" 719; meets Enzian, 734; stays with Geli, 735; See also Kirghiz Light

'''TDY''' 
54; temporary duty

'''Technische Hochschule (T.H.)''' 
Mondaugen: "[Pökler's] old friend from the T.H. Munich" 160; "Glimpf, Professor of Mathematics of the Technische Hochschule, Darmstadt, Scientific advisor to the Allied Military Government" 309; "Zwitter is from the T.H. Munich" 313; Jamf lecturing Pökler's class, 577; "the greyness of certain crowds in the beerhalls back at the T.H." 579; 580;

'''[[Technology in Gravity's Rainbow|TECHNOLOGY]]''' 
See also [[#technische|Technische Hochscule]]; [[#they|They]]

'''Teilhard de Chardin, Pierre (d. 1955)''' 
539; Jesuit paleontologist and mystical philosopher

'''Telangiecstasis, Spyros ("Spider")''' 
389; Radarman 2nd Class on Badass

'''Tenniel's Alice''' 
247; Sir John Tenniel (1820-1914) was a cartoonist and artist who created almost 2000 cartoons for the humor magazine, Punch, but who is probably most famous for the illustrations he did for Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1864); [MORE]

'''Tennyson, Alfred (1809-1892)''' 
Better known as "Alfred, Lord Tennyson"; was Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom during much of Queen Victoria's reign and remains one of the most popular poets in the English language; "Tennysonian comfort of saying 'someone' has blundered", [[Pages 269-278#Page 270|270.14]]

'''TerBorch, Gerard (1617-81)''' 
Dutch Baroque painter whose genre pieces and portraits depict with grace and fidelity the atmosphere of middle-class life in 17th-century Holland. His works consist almost equally of portraits and genre pieces, with his usually delicate technique best reflected in the portraits which are painted on an almost miniature scale; "[Blicero] flings a boot-tree at a precious TerBorch" 104

'''Ter Meer, Dr. Fritz''' 
631; according to Sasuly, "Ter Meer was one of the half-dozen most important men in the IG: he was considered an outstanding scientiest; [...] he was a member of the IG managing board of directors. [...] [When asked after the war] if he felt that experiments on human beings were justifiable [,] he argued that ... no harm had been done to these KZ [concentration camp] inmates as they would have been killed anyway." (p.125-26)

'''T-Force''' 
558; "Officially [Chiclitz] is one of the American industrialists out here with the T Force, scouting German engineering, secret weaponry in particular"

'''T.H''' 
see ''Technische Hochschule'' above

'''Thanatz Alpdrucken, Reichssieger von''' 
142; "champion Weimaraner for 1941" in Pointsman's dreams of chase

'''Thanatz, Karel Miklos''' 
461; ["Thanatos" is Greek for "death]; husband of Greta Erdmann; aka Karel [a fairly common Czech name], 461; with Blicero, 464; reading whip scars, 484, 641; "he may have seen the actual firing" 562; with Pole who wants lightening to hit him, 663; 663-73; at homosexual community ("175-Stadt"), 666-67; at Sachsa's seances, 668; kidnapped by anti-Lublinites, 669; sex with Bianca, 670; taken by Schwarzkommando, 671; "he lost Gottfried" 671; "the angel [the Erdschweinhöhlers] have hoped for" 672; 736; "is [Sado-anarchism's] leading theoretician in the Zone these days" 737

'''Thayer's Slippery Elm Throat Lozenges''' 
18; sent to Slothrop in London by Nalline S.; 116; [Thayers.com]

'''theatre''' 
"it's all theatre" 3; "theatrically bitter" 133; "magnificent stone theatre" 148; "theatre nothing but Walter really look at head phony angle" 152; "just down the street from the theatre" 174; "you're in the wrong theatre of operations" 201; "every occupation town in the Theatre" 247; "only elaborate theatre to fool you" 267; "tears which are not all theatre" 302; "Perhaps it's theater" 326; "elaborate piece of theatre" 352; street-theatre, 399; "Mediterranean theatre" 438; "under a theatre marquee whose sentient bulbs may have looked on" 464; "this War. . .was all theatre" 521; "the elaborate theatrical foofooraw of Mob 'n' Masons" 586; "all become theatre" 722; "not without theatre" 743; "above the roof of this old theatre" 760; See also [[A#actors|actors/directors]]; [[F#film|film/cinema references]]; [[K#kingkong|King Kong]]; [[M#movies|movies]]; [[U#ufa|Ufa-theatre]]

'''Theil, Dr. Walter''' 
423; chemical engineer killed in British air-raid on Peenemünde in August 1943; 427

<div id="theophile"></div>'''Theophile''' 
247; [Greek: "god loving"]; friend of Italo's who is trying to smuggle a Sherman tank into Palestine

'''Thermidor''' 
"Thermidor" corresponded to July in the French republican calendar adopted in 1793 during the French Revolution, which dating system was intended to replace the Gregorian calendar with a more rational system devoid of Christian associations. The Gregorian calendar was reestablished by the Napoleonic regime on January 1, 1806; Mexico recalling "the sweaty evenings of" 713

'''Thesean brushings''' 
According to Greek myth, Theseus, the son of King Aegeus of Athens, went to Crete and slew the half-human, half-bull Minotaur, kept by King Minos (son of Zeus and Europa) in his Labyrinth (built by Daedalus). The Athenians had been sending seven youths and seven maidens to Crete each year to be set loose in the Labyrinth and eaten by the Minotaur. This yearly reparation was Minos' revenge for the jealous Athenians having killed Minos' son because of his victory over Athens in athletic games. King Aegeus sent his son Theseus as one of the seven youths in the next year's sacrifice. However, King Minos' daughter Ariadne had fallen in love with Theseus and so provided him with an indestructible clew to unwind as he entered the Labyrinth. He handily slew the Minotaur and was able to exit the Labyrinth; "[Pointsman's] lonely Thesean brushings down his polished corridors of years" 141; See also [[L#labyrinth|labyrinth]]; [[Weaving the Web]]

'''THEY''' 
::Jessica notes a coal-black Packard up a side street, filled with dark-suited civilians. Their white collars rigid in the shadows.

::"Who're they?"

::[Mexico] shrugs: "they" is good enough. "Not a friendly lot." (40)

"'They' embracing possibilities far far beyond Nazi Germany" 25; "They" conversation (Major-General), 33; "(They?)" 72; "he's begun to suspect, darkly, any number of Someones Over Here" 108; "an act of suicide [...] which in its pathology, in its dreamless version of the real, the Empire commits by the thousands every day, completely unaware of what it's doing" 129; "The true king only dies a mock death. [...] Any number of young men may be selected to die in his place while the real king, foxy old bastard, goes on." 131; "death-by-government" 176; 177; 195; "two orders of being" 202; "a clutch mechanism between [Slothrop] and Their iron-cased engine" 207; "Mothers work for Them!" 219; "if there is a life force operating in Nature, still there is nothing so analogous in a bureaucracy. . .It all comes down. . .to the desires of individual men" 228; "All the animals, the plants, the minerals, even other kinds of men, are being broken and reassembled every day, to preserve an elite few, who are the loudest to theorize on freedom, but the least free of all." 230; 285; "They extinguish. . .not remind" 438; no physical locale, 251; "They would not be who or where They are without a touch of Dante to Their notions of reprisal." 350; "They sure must have the budget, all right. Look at this desolation, all built then hammered back into pieces" 374; "a system whose only aim is to violate the Cycle. Taking and not giving back, [...] removing from the rest of the World these vast quantities of energy to keep its own tiny desperate fraction showing a profit: [...] most of the World, animal, vegetable and mineral, is laid waste in the process" 412; "innocence and its many uses" 419; keeping Earth "for the numb and joyless hardons of. . .human elite" 521; "It is possible that They will not die. That it is now within the state of Their art to go on forever" 539; "They need our terror for Their survival" 539; "There's something still on, don't call it a 'war' if it makes you nervous, maybe the deasth rate's gone down a point or two [...] but Their enterprise goes on" 628; "necktie or cock" 637; "Creative paranoia means developing at least as thorough a We-system as a They-system" 638; "They will come and shut off the water first" 694; 697; "Their mission in this world is Bad Shit" 712; "Which is worse: living on as Their pet, or death? 713; "It is our mission to promote death. . .holding down the green uprising." 720; "submission and dominance are resources it needs for its very survival" 737; See also [[E#entropy|entropy/closed systems]]; [[Paranoia in Gravity's Rainbow|paranoia]]; [[Technology in Gravity's Rainbow|Technology]]

'''Things That Can Happen in European Politics''' 
77; Pudding's project which falls victim to Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle and/or Gödel's Incompleteness Theorem; 275

'''Third Term''' 
270; Franklin D. Roosevelt's third term, 1940-44

'''Thomas, Lowell (1892-1981)''' 
266; An American writer, broadcaster, and traveller best known as the man who made Lawrence of Arabia famous. So varied were Thomas's activities that when it came time for the Library of Congress to catalog his memoirs they were forced to put them in "CT" ("biographies of subjects who do not fit into any other category") in their classification.

'''Throsp, Corydon''' 
5; erected maisonette where Pirate and Bloat live; cultivated pharmaceutical plants on the roof; medieval fantasies, 10

'''Throwster, Aaron''' 
82; colleague of Pointsman's; "ARF's resident neurosurgeon" 113; 146; 227

'''Thuringia''' 
640; central German state in which Nordhausen is located; Thuringian, 240; sands, 306 [MAP]

'''Thyssen, Fritz (1873-1951)''' 
Leading German industrialist was a member of one of the world's wealthiest families and a major financial backer of Adolf Hitler's rise to power. After inheriting his father's fortune and industrial empire, he shrewdly combined the family holdings into a trust (Vereinigte Stahlwerke AG [United Steelworks Co.]) which controlled more than 75 percent of Germany's ore reserve and employed 200,000 workers. Like many German industrial leaders, he worried about the rise of socialism and was an early backer of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party. He worked hard to get Hitler elected and was then rewarded by being appointed to the German Economic Council. Because he really only supported the anti-socialist positions of the Nazis, he broke with Hitler and fled to Switzerland when Hitler led Germany into war and began persecuting Jews and Catholics (Thyssen was a Catholic); conspiring with Stinnes and Krupp to ruin the mark, after WWI, 285

'''T.I.''' 
20; Technical Intelligence wing of English army

'''Tiergarten''' 
367; German: "zoo (lit. animal garden); this is the central park in Berlin

'''Tierpark''' 
419; German: "zoological gardens"; at Zwölfkinder

'''time''' 
"He'd seen himself a point on a moving wavefront, propagating through sterile history--a known past, a projectable future" 126; "to keep Grid Time synchronized with Greenwich Mean Time" 133; "spirits from other parts of the veld--for time and space on their side have no meaning, all is together" 153; penetrating the moment, 158; "slices of time growing thinner" 159; "There is the moment, and its possibilities" 159; all at once,165; secular, 169; "the clock ratcheting time minutewise into their past" 193; war reconfiguring, 257; "isolate inside the way time is passing" 303; "the true momentum of his time" 312; "time- modulation peculiar to Oneirine" 389; future/past, 400; "the space and time were Blicero's own" 486; "no serial time over there; events all there in the same eternal moment" 624; "the oneway flow of European time" 724; "herding us through time" 724; "a presence, analogous to the Aether, flows through time" 726; "his time's assembly" 738; "time is a funny thing" 752; See also [[D#deltat|delta-t]]; [[H#history|history]]; [[Too late...|TOO LATE]];

'''Time magazine''' 
463; American weekly "news" magazine

'''Titaniapalast''' 
446; "Across the façade of the" in Berlin

'''Titanic, the''' 
British luxury passenger liner that struck an iceberg and sank on April 14-15, 1912, en route to New York City from Southampton, England, during its maiden voyage. at a point about 400 miles (640 km) south of Newfoundland. Of the 2200 aboard, about 1,515 perished; "And come aboard the Titanic, things'll really be manic/Folks'll panic the second that sunken iceberg is knocked" 462-63

'''Tivoli''' 
121; club in London

'''Togo, Admiral Heihachiro (1848-1934)''' 
Led the Japanese fleet to victory in the Russo-Japanese War in 1863. In a desperate move, the Russians dispatched their Baltic fleet to Japan, meeting Togo's forces on May 27 in the Tsushima Strait, which connects the Sea of Japan with the East China Sea. Togo "crossed the enemy's T"--i.e., he turned his column across the Russian line of advance--and destroyed 33 out of the 35 Russian ships, ending the war; "hand[ed] Rozhdestvenski's ass to him" in the waters between Japan and Korea, 350

'''Toiletship''' 
448; aka Rücksichtslos (German: "inconsiderate" or "ruthless"); Swinemünde to Helgoland, 450; "a wind tunnel's all it is. If tensor analysis is good enough for turbulence, it ought to be good enough for history" 451

''' Toledos''' 
1935; Scales from the company Toledo Scale, founded in Columbus, OH in 1901; now known as Mettler Toledo

'''Tootsie Roll''' 
493: "see the sugar bowl do the Tootsie Roll with the big, bad, Devil's food cake"; [http:/www.tootsie.com/]

'''Tosks and Ghegs''' 
Two distinct Albanian social groups/cultures each with its own dialect and separated geographically by the Shkumbin River with the Ghegs (or Gegs) in the north and the Tosks in the south. The Ghegs were renowned for their independent spirit and fighting abilities, while the Tosks were more of a semifeudal society and more subject to foregin influences due to their southern territories being more accessible to the ouside world. The communist movement drew most of its support from the Tosks, taking over in 1944. Since then, the differences between the two have greatly lessened; 549

'''Tracy, Alfonso''' 
582-83; owned the defective pinball machines; Great Pinball Difficulty, 581

'''Tracy, Mable''' 
582; wife of Alfonso

'''Tracy, Spencer (1900-1967)''' 
266; An American theatrical and film actor, who appeared in 74 films from 1930 to 1967. The American Film Institute ranked Tracy 9th among the Greatest Male Stars of All Time. He was nominated for nine Academy Awards for Best Actor in all, winning two. The reference in ''GR'' is to his role as the African explorer Henry Stanley in the 1939 film ''Stanley and Livingston''.

<div id="Transmarginal"></div>'''Transmarginal Phases''' 
48,49,50,78,79; Ongoing sequential responses to '''overwhelming''' stimulus (1) equivalent phase - all stimuli have same expected response; (2) paradoxical phase - weak stimulus=strong response - vice versa; (3) ultraparadoxical phase - stimuli produce opposite response (ie if previously attracted to the stimuli, now reject it) and vice versa - confuse ideas of opposite

'''Treacle, Edwin''' 
85; 92; "most Freudian of psychic researchers" in Psi Section of White Visitation; 146; recent dreams of flight, 146; 153; "setting up a practice" 273; "I'll show you a giant ape" 276

'''Tree of Life''' 
"It is not only a sudden white genital onset in the sky--it is also, perhaps, a Tree...." 694; Kabbalist, 747; "Now the Sephiroth fall into a pattern, which is called the" 753; "the Tree itself is a unity, rooted exactly at the Bodenplatte" 753;

'''Trefoil, Gavin''' 
33; can change the melanin content of his skin to change his color; 124; 147; 215; 276

'''tripos''' 
31; a final honors exam at Cambridge university, originally in mathematics

<div id="geli">'''Tripping, Geli (pronounced: "Gaily")'''</div>
290; lover of Tchitcherine; lives in Nordhausen; lover of Slothrop; "pretty young witch straddling an A4" 293; 494; thinks she's a witch, 500; witch ritual, 717; "the World-choosing sort" 718; with Tchitcherine, 733-35; "the young witch" 734

'''Trotha, Gen. Lothar von''' 
362; German who led wholesale slaughter of Hereros in Südwest in 1904; exhibit at Zwölfkinder, 422; 563

'''Trotsky''' 
Trotskyite block, 189; Trotsky a former patron at the Odeon, 262; 338; "some beasrded old unreconstructed geezer of a Trotskyite" 399;

'''Trudi''' 
365; Säure's sidekick; her boyfriend is Gustav, 366; 684-85; Bodine spending more time with, 741

'''Truman, Harry S. (1884-1972)''' 
Succeeding Roosevelt upon his death, Truman was the 33rd president of the United States (1945-53). He moved the U.S. into international confrontation with Soviet and Chinese communism and worked to preserve the New Deal reforms; "'Emil, who's that guy in the glasses?'" 373; "the dapper, bespectacled stranger [...] the face that has silently dissolved in to replace the one Slothrop never saw and now never will" 381; 382; "famous Missouri Mason" 588

'''TsAGI''' 
273; Tsentral'niy Aerogidrondinamicheskiy Institute; "Officially [Tchitcherine] reports to TsAGI, which is the Central Aero and Hydrodynamics Institute in Moscow" 337; 391; 706;

'''Tungsram''' 
647; light bulb manufacturer "in Budapest" that was supposed to have created Byron T.B.

<div id="twelfth">'''Twelfth House'''</div>
274; new [[P#pisces|PISCES]] branch office on Gallaho Mews in London; so named by Webley Silvernail because Pisces is the 12th House in the Zodiac; Pointsman transferred there, 533

'''Typhoid Mary''' 
739; one who spreads a disease

'''typographical errors''' 
"pharnyx" should be "pharynx" 14; "at here at" should be "as here at" 32; "Strobe's" should be "Jamf's" (appears in early Viking editions), 86; "Nichols" should be "Nicholls" 94; "but God's sake" should be "but for God's sake", 120; "heart-transfer" should be "heat-transfer" 223 [[N#nusselt|perhaps not a typo]]; parenthesis at "(after you get..." doesn't close, 411; "Isle" should be "Ilse" 414; "airpseed" should be "airspeed" 454; "ecclesiatical" should be "ecclesiastical" 468; "elctro- decor" should be "electro-decor" 518; "Leunahalluziationen" should be "Leunahalluzinationen" 523; "is is" should be "it is" 715; "then" should be "than" 732; "Zundung" should be "Zündung" 758

{{GR Alpha Nav}}

W

2010-05-04T15:05:17Z

Gruff: added three examples of "wave of the future"

'''W.A.A.F.''' 
151; UK: Women's Auxiliary Air Force

'''Wafna, Count''' 
491; passenger aboard the Anubis

'''Wagner, Professor''' 
452; "of Darmstadt predicted that at speeds above Mach 5, air would liquefy"

<div id="wagner"></div>'''Wagner, Richard (1813-1883)''' 
German composer and theorist whose operas and music had a revolutionary influence on the form and harmony of Western music. His major works include The Flying Dutchman (1843), Tannhäuser (1845), Lohengrin (1850), Tristan und Isolde (1865), Parsifal (1882), and his awesome tetralogy, The Ring of the Nibelung (1869-76) "Bürgerlichkeit played to Wagner, the brasses faint and mocking, the voices of the strings drifting in and out of phase" 324; "Wagnerian battlements" 393; Wagner played on Toiletship, 450

'''Wahmke, Dr. Kurt''' 
403; German rocket scientist killed in 1934 in explosion in Kummersdorf; "First blood, first sacrifice."

'''Waite, Mr. A. E. (1857-1942)''' 
738; Arthur Edward Waite was an occultist and co-creator of the Rider-Waite Tarot deck. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Edward_Waite Wikipedia entry]

<div id="waits"></div>[[image:leicester-waits.jpg|thumb|''Christmas Eve, Highcross Market''|right]]'''waits''' 
128; "join the waits"; Leicester's ancient tradition of Town Waits official musicians who supported the Lord Mayor at civic events, entertained townspeople and feted visitors. The waits were originally guards or watchmen who walked round the town at night looking out for fires or other trouble. They rang bells to tell people the time, or called out '2 o'clock and all's well'. They also played music for the Lord Mayor's guests on big occasions, and entertained the general public. This became their main job. By 1900 the waits' instruments were a cornet, a euphonium, a tenor horn and a trombone. From then, the waits mostly played popular requests for a small fee, which was given to charity. By the 1940s, a request would cost about half a crown (12p). The Leicester Waits were disbanded around 1947. [http://www.leicester.gov.uk/NewsSite/index01.asp?pgid=3182]

'''Walpurgisnacht''' 
293; German: St. Walpurgia Night. The night before May 1, originally dedicated to St. Walpurgia, the 8th century English nun who founded religious houses in Germany. It is associated in German folklore with the witches' Sabbat on the Brocken, where the witches and sorcerers perform their black rites and reaffirm their subservience to the demon Master.

'''Waltz of the Future''' 
296; "the strangely communal" in Raketen-Stadt

<div id="wandervogel">'''Wandervogel'''</div>
99; (German: "bird of passage"); Thomas Moore: "organization, founded in 1901 as a boys' hiking and nature club, readily became, as it spread over the country, a plastic-deformable movement against all establishments of the fathers. Conscious Wandervogel politics varied across the spectrum, but all cells aggressively idealized nature, soil, soulfulness, and the spiritually exalted Bund ["brotherhood"] of youth." (p.208); 162; 670

'''War''' 
the real business of, 105; lives for information, 105; "electronic components of resin and copper that the War, in its glutton, ever-nibbling intake, has not yet found a licked back into its darkness" 119; [[Sixes and Sevens|"seventh Christmas of the War"]] 126; what it really wants, 130-34; the guy who is WWII, 131; as world revolution, 165; what war really is, 177; reconfigures time & space, 257; "opened up things" 265: recklessness is "magnificent, but it's not war" 345; 349; "politics between wars demands symmetry" 350; 379; gradients of damage (poorest sectors first), 423; "the Real Text" 520; "all theatre" 521; "sides?" 520; "There's something still on, don't call it a 'war' if it makes you nervous, maybe the death rate's gone down a point or two [...] but Their enterprise goes on" 628; "the real War is always there" 645; See also [[V#veday|V.E. Day]]

'''War Office''' 
164; in Berlin

'''Washington, George''' 
254; "old motherly femme de chambre"'s hair is done up like his

'''WASPs''' 
281; Women Airforce Service Pilots--pioneering organizations of civilian female pilots employed to fly military aircraft under the direction of the United States Army Air Forces during World War II. The female pilots would end up numbering a little over thousand, each freeing a male pilot for combat service and duties.

[[image:wassenaar.jpg|thumb|200px|Wassenaar "gingerbread" house - 1951|left]]'''Wassenaar''' 
95; northern district of The Hague, near Schußstelle 3

'''Wasserkuppe''' 
454; according to Baedeker, this is a 3115-foot mountain near the ancient town of Fulda in northeastern Germany.

'''Watson and Rayner''' 
In 1920 the American psychologists John B. Watson (1878-1958) and Rosalie Rayner employed classical conditioning techniques to demonstrate the development of an emotional response in a young boy ("infant Albert"). The presentation of a white rat was paired with the striking of a steel bar, which induced fear in the little boy. After only a few pairings, the white rat became capable of inducing fear responses similar to those produced by striking the bar, suggesting to psychologists that many human motives may result from the accidental pairing of events; conditioned "Infant Albert" into "a reflex horror of everything furry" 84, 86

'''waves''' 
"the tidal evening" 130; "You are the Wave of the Future.", 258; "The wave of the future.", 580; "So, shine on, Baby Bulbs, you're the wave of the future", 648

'''Waxwing, Blodgett''' 
246; specialist in phonying documents; his calling card has a cheSS knight and his address is on the Rue RoSSini in Zürich; escapee from the stockade Caserne Martier in Paris; meets Slothrop at Raoul's party, wearing a zoot suit; Zootsuit Zanies, 251; provides Slothrop the identity "Ian Scuffling, English War Correspondent" when he goes to Zürich, 256; 620

'''Wayne, Corporal''' 
11; Pirate's "batman" who drives him out to a bomb hit

'''W.C.''' 
82; water closet, British for toilet or bathroom

'''weapons''' 
Mark III Stens, 20, 107, 639; Schwarzlose (machine gun), 106; Mendoza, 107, 637; Mexican Mauser, 107; haakbus (Dutch: "hookgun"), 108; snaphaan, 109, 111; .455 Webley cartridge, 118; Bofors, 121; "robot weapons" 144; Typhoon, 151; Flying Fortresses, 169; Archies (anti-aircraft guns), 233; Sherman tank 247; "dragon's teeth, fallen stukas, burned tanks" 281; .45, 287; Nagant, 293, 514, 704; Amatol charges, 312; .45 automatic, 312; Moisin, 339; tommygun, 369; Suomi submachine gun, 377, 513; Degtyarov, 377, 511; US Army .45, 495, 558; Tokarev, 503; Luger, 505, 530, 576; Molotov cocktail, 507, 511; carbines, 518; Schmeisser, 527; Colt, 560; Thompsons, 564, 582; M-1, 584; .38s, 586; Japanese Zeros, 672, 690, 692; Ohka device, 690; sodium bomb, 690; Mauser, 693; Hotchkiss, 697-98; See also [[C#cosmicbomb|Cosmic Bomb]]; [[K#kingtiger|King Tiger]]; [[R#rocket|Rocket]]; [[S#schwarzgerat|Schwarzgerät]]

'''[[Weaving the Web|WEAVING THE WEB]]''' 
See also [[L#labyrinth|Labyrinth]]; [[S#silvernail|Silvernail, Webley]]; [[T#thesean|Thesean brushings]]; [[#weber|Weber, Max]]; [[#webern|Webern, Anton]]

<div id="weber"></div>'''Weber, Max (d. 1920)''' 
325; German sociologist and economist; the A4 "really did possess a Max Weber charisma" 464; See also Routinization/Rationalization of Charisma

<div id="webern"></div>'''Webern, Anton (1883-1945)''' 
This Austrian composer valued the oriental qualities of brevity, objectivity and fine decoration, wishing to mirror the perfection of mountain flowers and crystal specimens. He studied under Arnold Schoenberg and adopted a strict 12-tone composition style in 1924, using the 12-note system in everything he wrote.

:"This rainy morning, in the quiet, it seems that Gustav's German Dialectic has come to its end. He has just had the word, all the way from Vienna along some musicians' grapevine, that Anton Webern is dead. 'Shot in May, by the Americans. Senseless, accidental if you believe in accidents some mess cook from North Carolina, some late draftee with a.45 he hardly knew how to use, too late for WW II, but not for Webern. The excuse for raiding the house was that Webern's brother was in the black market. Who isn't? Do you know what kind of myth that's going to make in a thousand years? The young barbarians coming in to murder the Last European, standing at the far end of what'd been going on since Bach, an expansion of music's [[P#polymorphous|polymorphous perversity]] till all notes were truly equal at last....Where was there to go after Webern?'" (440-41)

"nobody gonna pull an Anton Webern on him" 443; "'As to some musical ears, dissonance is really a higher form of consonance. You've heard about Anton Webern?'" 494; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webern Wikipedia entry]]

'''Wehrwirtschaftstab''' 
German: "Economic Defense Staff"; "a section of the General Staff that maintained the OKW's liaison with industry" 630

'''Weichensteller''' 
453; one of "the reentry people" at Peenemünde

'''Weimar Republic''' 
The government of Germany from 1919 to 1933, so called because the assembly that adopted its constitution met at Weimar from Feb. 6 to Aug. 11, 1919. It was marked by political and social turmoil, but an intellectual flowering; 155; 285; 365; 580; Weimar street urchin" 651

<div id="weissman"></div>'''Weissmann, Captain/Major/Lieutent [sic]''' 
German: "white man"; aka Blicero, aka Dominus Blicero, aka Capt. Blicero; Dominus Blicero, 30; with Katje and Gottfried, 94-99, 101-04; finding Enzian, 99-101; "mirror-metaphysics" 101; "recently back from South-West Africa" 152; "took [Dominus Blicero] as his SS code name" 322; in love with his own death, 324; "part salesman, part scientist" 401; "balding, scholarly" 404; "brought [Ilse] from Stettin. . .played chess" 408; "Lieutent" 417; "gray eminence" 401; estrangement from Enzian, 427; 455; "his final madness" 485; creating his own space, moving "in mythical regions" 486; writing about Katje, 642; "last letters from Holland" 658; "Even if he's only dead" 661; "he's only dead" 668; writing from The Hague about Katje, 662; "the Zone's worst specter" 666; eye reflecting windmill, 670; 672; 721; deciding to sacrifice Gottfried, 724; "his myopic witch's eyes through the thick lenses" 724; his Tarot, 746-49; 757; [[Weissmann's Tarot]]; [[L#luneburg|Lüneburg Heath]]

'''Wends''' 
Group of Slavic tribes that by the 5th century AD had settled in the area between the Oder River (on the east) and the Elbe and Saale rivers (on the west), in what is now eastern Germany. During their periodic rebellions against both Slavic and German overlords, the Wendish peasants would also repudiate Christianity; "white-gloved" aboard the Anubis, 467

'''Wenk''' 
455; Achtfaden's code name on the S-gerät project; 481; a character from Fritz Lang's 1922 film "Mabuse, der Spieler" — State-Attorney Wenk is Mabuse's dogged pursuer.

'''werewolf''' 
Besides the obvious folk-mythological associations, the "Werewolves" was an underground army recruited and trained in 1945 for guerilla warfare against the Allies who were in the process of occupying Germany; "were-elves streaking in out of the forests at night" 125; "a terrible beastlike change coming over muzzle and lower jaw, black pupils growing to cover the entire eye space till whites are gone and there's only the red animal reflection" 196; "hock of werewolf, gammon of Beast" 295; 486; "Werewolf stencils of the dark man with the high shoulders and the Homburg hat" 624; "lycanthropophobia or fear of Werewolves" 640; See also [[M#mythology|Mythology]]

'''Wernher''' 
[[T#geli|Geli Tripping's]] owl, presumably named after [[B#vonbraun|Wernher von Braun]]; likes candy bars, 291; loves [[T#tchitcherine|Tchitcherine]], 292; attacks Slothrop, 294

'''Wessel, Horst (1907-1930)''' 
The composer of Die Fahne Hoch ("Raise High the Flags," aka "Horst Wessel Lied") which was the Nazi "theme song." Interestingly, Herr Wessel, an SA (Sturmabteilung, aka Brownshirts) man, was killed in a street-fight with communists in 1930. Perhaps he traded a few blows with Mr. Sachsa who died that same year in a street-fight with Brownshirts. Coincidence? You decide; Die Fahne Hoch, 653; "I was a Storm Trooper [...] like Horst Wessel" 717

<div id="maewest">'''West, Mae (1893-1980)'''</div>
An American actress, playwright, screenwriter and sex symbol. Known for her bawdy double entendres, West made a name for herself in Vaudeville and on the stage in New York before moving to Hollywood to become a comedienne, actress and writer in the motion picture industry. One of the more controversial movie stars of her day, West encountered many problems including censorship. When her cinematic career ended, she continued to perform on stage, in Las Vegas, in the United Kingdom, on radio and television, and recorded rock and roll albums; ''My Little Chickadee'', 198

'''Whappo''' 
69; "Norwegian mulatto lad" in Toilet Adventure and Crutchfield's "little pard"; 114

'''Whitehall''' 
144; Britain's center for government in London. Eponymically named for Whitehall Palace which was located there but burned down in the late 17th century; 171; 201; 454; 635''' 
The White House

[[image:whitehouse.jpg|thumb|The White House|left]]'''White House, The,''' 
AKA The Little White House, 381-82; Kaiserstrasse 2 in Neubabelsberg, Truman's residence during the Potsdam Conference in July 1945, where Slothrop dug up Bodine's stash. [Note: thirteen years after the "Fall of the Wall," Kaiserstrasse still goes by its East German name-change of Karl Marx Strasse!]

'''White Lotos Day''' 
269; "the Blavatskian wing of Psi Section, who were off on a pilgrimage to 19 Avenue Road, St. John's Wood"; "White Lotus Day" — May 8 — is celebrated yearly by Theosophists as the day of death of Madame Helena Petrovna Blavatsky.

'''White Market''' 
570; "to be protected"

'''White Sheet Ridge''' 
232; "a tattered tommy up on"

<div id="whitevisitation">'''White Visitation'''</div>
34; former mental hospital located in the fictional town of [[I#ick|Ick Regis]] on the coast of southern England; now part of SOE; location of PISCES; D-Wing still has "loonies"; "devoted to psychological warfare" 35; "they're all wild talents--clairvoyants and mad magicians" 40; 72-74; described, 82-83; D-Wing, 230; 533; 627

'''White Woman''' 
Gottfried "dreams often these days of a very pale woman who wants him, who never speaks--but the absolute confidence in her eyes" 103; "the Evil Hour, when the white woman with the ring of keys comes out of her mountain" 374; waiting for Slothrop, "back behind the Spree" 439; "the great Kalahari painting of the" 658; "the pale Virgin was rising in the east" 694; See also [[D#death|death]]; [[E#evilhour|Evil Hour]]

'''''White Zombie''''' 
106; A 1932 American independent horror film directed and produced by brothers Victor Halperin and Edward Halperin, respectively. It is considered the first feature length zombie film and tells the story of a young woman's transformation into a zombie at the hands of an evil voodoo master. Béla Lugosi stars as the antagonist, Murder Legendre, with Madge Bellamy appearing as his victim. Other cast members included Robert W. Frazer, John Harron and Joseph Cawthorn.

'''Whitney, John Hay (1904-82)''' 
American multimillionaire and sportsman who had a multifaceted career as a publisher, financier, philanthropist, and horse breeder. In 1942 he joined the Eighth U.S. Army Air Force as a captain in the Combat Intelligence Division and was captured by the Nazis in southern France. He escaped and in 1945 was awarded the Legion of Merit; "Harrimans and Whitneys gone, lawns growing to hay" 28

'''Whitsun''' 
269; In England, White Sunday is the seventh Sunday after Easter; 628

'''Whittaker and Watson''' 
55; co-authors of a mathematical treatise entitled Modern Analysis. An old copy is owned by Roger Mexico

'''Whittington, Dick (d. 1423)''' 
A colorful London personality, Dick served three terms as lord mayor of London: 1397-99, 1406-07, and 1419-20. The GR passage refers to the popular legend that has Dick Whittington as a poor orphan worked in the kitchen of a rich London merchant. He ventures his only possession, a cat, as an item to be sold on one of his master's trading ships. Ill-treated by the cook, Dick then runs away, but just outside the city he hears the ringing of bells that seems to say "Turn again, Whittington, Lord mayor of great London." He returns to find that his cat has been sold for a great fortune to a Moorish ruler whose dominions are plagued with rats. Now wealthy, Whittington marries his master's daughter, succeeds to the business, and then becomes thrice lord mayor of London. ; "'I'm fucking Dick Whittington!' it occurs to [Mexico] zooming down Kings Road, 'I've come to London! I'm your Lord Mayor....'" 637

'''Wien bridge''' 
Wilhelm Wien (1864-1928) was a German physicist who received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1911 for his displacement law concerning the radiation emitted by a perfectly efficient blackbody. Further investigations by Max Plank resulted in his quantum theory of radiation. The Wien bridge is a four-arm a.c. bridge, the variable frequency being determined by a resistance in an arm of the bridge, and, as Weisenburger points out, was used in the automatic steering of the rocket; "Sometimes you'd use a Wien bridge, tuned to a certain frequency A-t, whistling, heavy with omen, inside the electric corridors" 517

'''Wilcoxon, Henry''' 
559; "'[children] rowin' old Henry Wilcoxon away into th' sunset to fight them Greeks or Persians or somebody'" 559

'''Wilheml, Richard''' 
403; "One of these German mystics who Mondaugen grew up reading"

'''Wilhelmplatz''' 
370; site of active blackmarketeering in Berlin, now with "Russian security all over the place"

'''Willkie, Wendell (1892-1944)''' 
135; First a lawyer, then an industrialist, Willkie switched from Democrat to Republican and was narrowly beat by F.D. Roosevelt in the U.S. presidential election of 1940. Between 1941 and 1942 he travelled the world representing the FDR.

'''Wim''' 
104; perhaps a Dutch underground comrade of Katje's

'''Wimpe, V-Mann''' 
152; [V: Verbindungsmann - "contact man"]; IG-man present at seance; the V-mann, 166; association with Tchitcherine, 344; described, 344; an organic chemist/creator of psychotropic drugs (the "jinni of the West"), 345; "reassigned to the United States. . .after Hitler became Chancellor" 349; turns Greta on to Oneirine, 464; 566; was boyfriend of Minnie (who yelled "helicopter!"), 684; Tchitcherine's memory of, 701

'''Windhoek''' 
352; capital of Südwest, where Enzian's birth was duly recorded by the Germans; [MAP]

'''windmill''' 
"the chorus line at the Windmill" 22; "the old Windmill" 39; "the windmill known as 'The Angel'" 106, 536; "the horizon broken now and then by silhouettes of a windmill" 462; "a windmill creaks out in the countryside" 573; "Brown windmills turn at the horizon" 575; "exegeses of windmills" 620; "What mill's that, grinding there below?" 621; "Van der Groov's cosmic windmill" 624; "a muddy brown almost black eyeball reflecting a windmill" 670; "windmill silhouettes" 672; "heretic-chasing [...] It went on in fields of windmills" 738

'''wines/champagne''' 
oude genever, 104; Lafitte Rothschild,116; Bernkastler Doktor, 116; "Wines of [...] the great '20s and '21s. Schloss Vollrads, Zeltinger, Piesporter" at Sachsa's séance, 163; Veuve Clicquot Brut, 212; "sweet Taittinger" 214; Nordhäuser Schattensaft ("shadow juice"), 290; "1911 Hochheimer" 652; shooting wine ("a wine rush is defying gravity") 743; Maitrinke (May drink), 743

'''Winterhilfe''' 
373; German: "winter aid"; Government social program providing food for the impoverished

'''Winthrop, Governor''' 
204; came over to America on the Arbella in 1630

'''[[Witches|WITCHES]]''' 
See also Walpurgisnacht

'''Wittmaier harpsichord''' 
533; disintegrating at the White Visitation

'''Wivern, General''' 
210; of SHAEF Technical Staff, 237; 242; 592; 594

<div id="wizoz">'''Wizard of Oz, The'''</div>
''The Wonderful Wizard of Oz'' is a children's novel from 1900 written by L. Frank Baum. The story chronicles the adventures of a girl named Dorothy in the Land of Oz. Thanks in part to the 1939 MGM movie, ''The Wizard of Oz'', it is one of the best-known stories in American popular culture and has been widely translated. Its initial success, and the success of the popular 1902 Broadway musical Baum adapted from his story, led to Baum writing thirteen more Oz books.

[[M#munchkin|Munchkin]] voice, 63; "obsessive as Munchkins" 270; "Toto, I have a feeling we're not in Kansas any more. . . ." 279; "Amy Sprue was not, like young skipping Dorothy's antagonist, a mean witch" 329; Slothrop and Schnorp taking off in scarlet and yellow balloon, 332-33; "'Follow the yellow-brick road,' hums Albert Krypton, on pitch, 'follow the yellow brick road,' what's this, is he actually, yes he's skipping. . . ." 597

'''WLB''' 
682; War Labor Board

'''Wobb and Whoaton''' 
702; authors of "'Mantic Archetype Distribution Among Middle-Class University Students,'"

'''Wobbly''' 
571; 355; Wobbly is slang for a member of the Industrial Workers of the World (I.W.W.), a former international labor organization favoring socialism and the abolition of the wage system; "German Wobbly traditions, they didn't go along with Hitler though all the other unions were falling into line"

'''Wolfgang''' 
496; G.M.B. Haftung's somewhat unstable prize chimp doing a fair Hitler imitation; going at it with Frau Gnahb in the pilot house, 496; drinking vodka, 503

'''Womack, Flash''' 
584; a pinball wizard, one of "the great thumbs of Koekuk and Puyallup, Oyster Bay, Inglewood"

'''Wormwood Scrubs''' 
33; the Scrubs--Wormwood Scrubs Prison, in London, was built by convicts in 1874; Slothrop wears Wormwood Scrubs School Tie to Casino dinner, 190

'''Wounded Knee''' 
hamlet and creek on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in southwestern South Dakota, in the U.S., which was the site of two conflicts between North American Indians and representatives of the U.S. government. On Feb. 27, 1973, some 200 members of the American Indian Movement (AIM), led by Dennis Banks and Russell Means, took the reservation hamlet of Wounded Knee by force, declared it the "Independent Oglala Sioux Nation," and vowed to stay until the U.S. government met AIM demands for a change in tribal leaders, a review of all Indian treaties, and a U.S. Senate investigation of treatment of Indians in general. Two Indians and one federal agent were killed in the ensuing battle in which the feds prevailed; "the guns that raked through the unarmed Indians at" 697

'''WRAC''' 
251; Women's Royal Army Corp

'''Wrens''' 
23; Women's Royal Naval Service - British civilian support group of war effort; 121; Wrens?

'''writing''' 
description of St. Veronica's, 46; "swimming up from sleep" 119; "an informer whose guilt will one day sicken into throat cancer" 150; "not produce. . .systems" 159; "assassination" 164; bugs in the manger, 173-74; Westward expansion: penetrate and foul virgin sunsets, 214; "no difference between behavior of a god and the operations of pure chance" 323; Rocket, 324; "what heads and tails went jingling inside the dark pockets of that indeterminacy?"-- 344; Will of God Theory, 362; "smiles breaking like kind dawns" 378; "This is how they meet" (p.365) until they finally meet at p.393; Trudi up Slothrop's nose, 439; "How I Came to Love the People" 547; dead fly, 632; tropical hallucination, 634-35; hmmm, 733

'''Wuotan''' 
72; Wuotan is the Old High German spelling of Odin; 75

'''''Wütende Heer''''' 
75; German: "furious" or "raging" army

'''Wuxtry-Wuxtry, Mickey''' 
738; "Wuxtry wuxtry, read all about it"; "world-renowned analyst" -- "There never was a Dr. Jamf"

{{GR Alpha Nav}}

S

2010-05-04T15:03:09Z

Gruff: added long list of "ss" examples

<div id="sachsa">'''Sachsa, Peter'''</div>
31; the "control" in Psi Section; lover of Leni Pökler, 147; medium at Rathenau seance, 163-65; killed in communist street action in 1930 in Neukölln (Berlin) by Schutzmann Jöche, a Nazi cop, 152; as Zaxa, 218; 219-20; 590; [[Peter Sachsa|Etymological Musings]]

[[Sado-Masochism|'''SADOMASOCHISM (S/M)''']]

<div id="basher"></div>'''St. Blaise, Group Capt. "Basher"''' 
146; sees angel of death during RAF Lübeck strike, 151; [["Basher" St. Blaise|Etymological Musings]]; See also [[C#church|Church of St. Blasius]]

'''St. Elmo's fire''' 
The glow accompanying the brushlike discharges of atmospheric electricity that usually appears during stormy weather as a tip of light on the extremities of such pointed objects as church towers or the masts of ships; "will be seen spurting at moments from crossends" on the Anubis, 491

'''St. Felix''' 
37; "the clock of" in London

'''St. John's Wood''' 
544; an exclusive district in West London, where the Mossmoons live

'''Saint Pauli''' 
the English translation for "Sankt Pauli," which is the main red-light district in Hamburg/Germany. It's known for its sex-bars and its fusion of pimps, prostitutes and working-class inhabitants. St. Pauli is famous for the atmosphere that the harbour of Hamburg brings into the district. Sailors, seaman and other stranded creatures are walking over the Reeperbahn (St. Pauli's main street). The Star-Club, where the Beatles paid their dues before becoming hugely famous, is in St. Pauli; 525

'''St. Veronica's Hospital''' 
46; of the True Image for Colonic and Respiratory Diseases; St. Veronica wiped Christ's forehead with her veil while he carried the cross; St. Veronica Papers, 688

'''St.-Just Grossout''' 
540; blackman worked for Firm infiltrating Schwarzkommando (aka "Sam Juiced")

<div id="salitieri">'''Salitieri, Poore, Nash, De Brutus and Short'''</div>
591; [a pun on Thomas Hobbes' (1588-1679) description, in Leviathan (1651), of the life of the members of the commonwealth in the absence of an all-powerful sovereign: "No arts; no letters; no society; and which is worst of all, continual feare and danger of violent death; and the life of Man, solitary, poore, nasty, brutish, and short."]; Lyle Bland's lawyers, 591; pallbearers at Lyle Bland's funeral, 652; Recall the law firm representing Pierce Inverarity in [http://cl49.pynchonwiki.com/wiki/index.php?title=Chapter_1#warpe ''The Crying of Lot 49'']: Warpe, Wistfull, Kubitschek and McMingus.

'''Sandhurst''' 
202; a military academy, the British equivalent to West Point in the U.S

'''Sandoz''' 
250; Swiss chemical company which joined Geigy and Ciba in a cartel, in the early '20s; Schweitar worked there, 260;

'''Sandra''' 
685; has "run away from the Kleinburgerstrasse" and staying at Der Platz

'''Sandra''' 
606; acquaintance of Manuela's at Putzi's

'''Sandys, Duncan''' 
Sandys, who was married to Churchill's daughter Diana, was Under-secretary of the Ministry of Supply in Britain during WWII. He was appointed by Churchill to investigate the rumored German experiments with secret weapons, which investigation led to the discovery of the rocket facilities at Peenemünde; "the P.M.'s son-in-law" who works out of the Ministry of Supply at Shell Mex House, 228; "Churchill's own son-in-law" 251

'''Sanktwolke, Edouard''' 
385; German: "Saint Cloud"; "veteran automotive jobber" who supplied transportation for von Göll's and Waxwing's "travelling business conference"

'''Santora''' 
744; family in Mingeborough, MA

'''Sargasso Sea''' 
Area of the North Atlantic Ocean, elliptical in shape and relatively still, that is strewn with free-floating seaweed of the genus Sargassum. Encompassing the Bermuda Islands, a combination of ecological and biological conditions result in a dirth of plankton (a fish staple), creating a biological desert. Early navigators had the (unfounded) fear of becoming entangled within the mass of seaweed and unable to escape; "the sun-resorts of Sargasso where the bones come up to lie and bleach and mock the passing ships" 564;

'''Sargner''' 
152; "a civilian attached to the General Staff" who is keyed on by Wimpe at séance

'''Sarnaki''' 
424; target area for A-4, near Blizna, Poland

'''Sarts''' 
340; Central Asian people

'''Sassoon, Lt. Siegfried Lorraine (1886-1967)''' 
79; English poet and novelist whose experiences in World War I made him fiercely anti-war and he wrote numerous works which reflected this hatred, including Counterattack (1918) and Satirical Poems (1926)

'''sastrugi''' 
420; Sastrugi are smooth, gently rolling snowfields, often covered with wind-drifted formations, on the interior of the Greenland ice sheet which is second in area only to the Antarctic ice sheet. It extends about 1,570 miles from north to south and has a maximum width of some 600 miles and an average thickness of about 5,800 feet.

'''Saturday Evening Post''' 
435; American weekly magazine the covers of which often had Norman Rockwell illustrations

'''Saville Row''' 
526; swank shopping district in London

'''Scammony, Sir Marcus (aka Angelique)''' 
615; drinking with Clive Mossmoon at "their club"

'''Schacht, Hjalmar (1877-1970)''' 
According to Sasuly, Schacht was head of the Reichsbank in the 1920s and 40s and was a key player in manipulating the German inflation of that time, while blaming it on "reparations and an unfavorable balance of payments." (p.47); his "many bookkeeping dodges to keep official records clear of any hint of weapons procurement banned under the terms of Versailles." 285

'''Schadenfreude''' 
526; German: "joy at another's misfortune"; described but not named, 36; 745

'''Scheveningen''' 
97; coastal town in Holland, just north of The Hague [MAP]; 102; 104; 105; 535

'''Schicksal''' 
416; German: "fate, destiny" (misspelled "Shicksal" in earlier editions)

'''Schiller, Professor''' 
224; Slothrop studying his book on regenerative cooling

'''Schilling''' 
527; "[Närrisch] worked in guidance, he was Schilling's best man"

'''Schlabone, Gustav''' 
366; composer buddy (and "unwelcome doping partner" 711) of Säure Bummer; 621; 2nd violin at Krupp affair (aka "Captain Horror"), 711; at Der Platz, 745

'''Schleim, Josef''' 
630; "a defector of secondary brilliance, who had once worked for the IG out of Dr. Reithinger's office, VOWI"; 631;

'''Schlepzig, Max''' 
Franz Pökler putting up handbills for a movie starring, 165; name on Slothrop's pass to get into Potsdam Conference, 377; actor in von Göll films who whipped Erdmann ("the Reich's Sweethearts"), 395; 439; 461

'''Schmeil''' 
518; engineer at Peenemünde

'''Schmitz, Carl''' 
565; "'Didn't Schmitz of the IG sit on Siemens's board of directors?'" 565;

'''Schnorp''' 
332-36; Geli's friend who gives Slothrop balloon ride to Berlin

'''Schokoladestrasse''' 
646; German: "Chocolate Street"; in Happyville

'''Schraub''' 
568; German: "screw"; "the shoemaker" whose played Plechazunga "for the past 30 years"

'''Schumann of Düsseldorf''' 
702; "army surgeons and dentists [...] will pick out [of Tchitcherine's body] what has entered it by violence with an electromagnetic device bought between the wars from"

'''Schußstelle 3''' 
95; German: "firing site"; in Holland on the North Sea coast, near The Hague; moved, 104; the allies were after it, 105; "why did [Katje] leave?" 107; See also Lüneburg Heath

'''Schwindel operative''' 
286;

'''''schwarz''''' 
German: literally 'black', but also 'secret' and/or 'illicit' as in 'Secret Service' or 'black market'; see ''Schwarzgerät'' and ''Schwarzkommando'' below

<div id="schwartzgerat">'''''Schwarzgerät'''''</div>
252;"S-Gerät, 11/00000." 252;"Document SG-1" 252;"the one rocket out of 6000 that carried the Imipolex G device" 292; for sale for .5M francs by guy in Swinemünde who waits on Strand-Promenade until noon daily, 294; "The Schwartzgerät is no Grail" 364; "They want the Schwarzgerät." 455;"'F-Gerät, you sure of that?'" 487 details, 517; mandala (KEZVH), 560, 563;"'. . . that was the name of the German who commanded the battery that used the S-Gerät?'" 562;; 611; firing on Lüneburg Heath, 667; 706; "00001, the second in its series" 724; 00001, 728; "SG-1" 736; "the assembly of the 00001 is occurring also in a geographical way, a Diaspora running backwards" 737; as womb, 750; See also Rocket

'''''Schwarzkommando''''' 
74-75; German: "blackcommand"; black rocket troops; credibillity of, 92; 112;found out about a week before V.E. Day 276; Slothrop runs into two dozen on train to Nordhausen, 286; Hitler's failed plan to create Nazi empire in black Africa, training troops in Südwest, 287; "They have a plan. . .I think it's rockets" 288; "we're DPs like everybody else" 288; Herero rocket troops assembling a rocket for one last stand, 326; "it is their time, their space" 326; their mandala is the five positions of the launching switch for A4, 361; digging up A4 in Berlin, 361; "mba-kayere" (I am passed over), 362; why they seek the Rocket, 362, 563; growing away from SS and their power becoming information and expertise, 427; in their own space, 519; Herero village arranged like a mandala, 563; must be stopped before they fire the Rocket, 565; "they have their rocket all assembled at last" 673; the trek to the firing site of the 00001, 726; 12 children at a "children's resort" (Zwölfkinder means "12 children" in German--GET IT?), 725

'''Schweitar, Mario''' 
260, 268; troubleshooter around the Cartel; worked for Sandoz

'''Schwindel''' 
286; German: "fraud" "trick", also "dizziness"; "code name for Hugo Stinnes"

[[Science, Physics, Math &c.|'''SCIENCE, PHYSICS, MATH &c.''']] 
See also [[D#delta-t|delta-t]]; [[P#poisson|Poisson Distribution]]

'''screen door salesman''' 
447; "dumb and easygoing" husband of woman in Slothrop's dream in three parts; 665, "Minnie Calkins (Chapter 1.793) got married Easter Sunday to a screen-door salesman from California. Sorry to say he's not eligible for Membership - at least not yet. But with all those screen doors around, we'll sure keep our fingers crossed!"

'''scrip''' 
105; temporary paper currency issued during emergencies/special circumstances

'''Scrubs''' 
Wormwood Scrubs Prison, in London; "I'll see you two in the Scrubs if it kills me!" 717

'''Scuffling, Ian''' 
256; Pseudonym given to T. Slothrop by Waxwing in Nice; See also Slothrop, Tyrone

'''Scylla and Charybdis''' 
239; In Greek legend, Scylla was a monster with twelve feet and six heads each with three rows of teeth who lived on the rock of Scylla on the Italian side of the Straits of Messina which are between Italy and Sicily. Charybdis, who was a monster, the whirlpool she formed and the rock cliff under which she lived, faced Scylla on the other side of the Straits. Such a situation made passage through the Straits a very dodgy proposition for sailors.

'''SD''' 
431; German: Sicherheitsdienst = police-duty; The Nazi Party's intelligence and security body. Created by Himmler, it operated in foreign countries, creating instability and attempting to foment revolution.

'''séance''' 
29-30; 4-way entente: medium; control; spirit; survivor; Feldspath, 30; Overbaby, 152; "a visitation by the dead" 153; Rathenau, 163-67; at The Castle with Blicero, 487; "other fourfold expressions" 624; "sensitive flames" 715; Brigadier Pudding, 715

'''Second Empire''' 
The Second Empire (1852-70) of Napoleon III; 675

'''Section 8''' 
114; a category of discharge from the United States military for reason of being mentally unfit for service; 182

'''Seele''' 
654; German: "soul, spirit"; "as the core of the earlier carbon filament was known in Germany"

[[Self-reference in Gravity's Rainbow|'''SELF-REFERENCE''']]

'''Semirechie''' 
611; province in Kazakhstan, in the Soviet Union

'''Semyavin''' 
258; local Waxwing rep in Zürich?; 261

'''1 September''' 
479; On September 1, 1939, the German Army invaded Poland, thus "initiating" WWII

[[Serpents/Snakes References|'''SERPENT/SNAKE''']] 
See also [[#snake|Snake]]

'''SEZ WHO''' 
270; Slothropian Episodic Zone, Weekly Historical Observations

'''Seven Rivers country''' 
338; where Tchitcherine was stationed, "in a remote 'bear's corner'"

'''sfacim-a''' 
299; sfacim: from "sfaciàre" = to dismantle''' 
Tony Assenza graciously supplied the following regarding "sfacim":''' 
Having been called a "sfacim" by my uncles and other relatives more than a few times in my life, I believe your reference might require more elaboration. In its original form, "sfacim" is Neapolitan slang for semen — equivalent to US slang such as spunk or gism. However, it's also widely used as a term of endearment, as in "Hey, sfacim. Come over here and give your grandmother a kiss before I break your face." The closest US slang term would be "spunky." It's a term that someone living on Long Island or Upstate New York would probably hear a lot in Italian-American neighborhoods. One would pronounce it "SFA CHEEM."

''''s Gravenhage''' 
209; aka The Hague;

'''shadows''' 
316; God-shadows, 330; 332; 333; 336; 342; 359; 363; 397; 405; darkness at the edges of things, 446; 458; 482; 500; 510; 524; 536; 539; 543; 561; Pointsman's corner, 633; Slothrop as "shadow-child" 677; stars as shadows of the creator's bones and ducts, 699; "sound-shadow" (when the roaring of the sun stops), 695, 711; 740; 749; 760

'''SHAEF''' 
17; Supreme Headquarters, Allied Expeditionary Force; 74; 76; 121; 210; 244; 287

'''Shatsk''' 
352; nose-fetishist in Weird Letter Assignments; Shatsk is a town in the Volynskaja oblast [political subdivision], in the Ukraine.

'''Shays''' 
Shays's Rebellion (August 1786-February 1787) was an uprising in western Massachusetts in opposition to high taxes and harsh economic conditions. Led by Daniel Shays (1747-1825), the rebellion was decisively defeated on February 4, but it did result in the passage of laws easing the economic condition of debtors; "fought the federal troops across Massachusetts" 268

'''Shearer, Norma (1900-83)''' 
690; Hollywood actress who played sophisticated roles, and the wife of producer Irving Thalberg; "Your closet could make Norma Shearer's look like the wastebasket in Gimbel's basement."

'''Sheila''' 
449; Charles'(on the Toiletship) fiancée

'''Shekhinah''' 
479: Hebrew: "(female) neighbor"

'''Shell Mex House''' 
Shell Mex House, built 1930-31 is situated at number 80, Strand, London. It was for many years the London headquarters of Shell-Mex and BP Ltd for whom it was originally built. During WWII the building became home to the Ministry of Supply which co-ordinated supply of equipment to the national armed forces. It was also the home of the "Petroleum Board" which handled the distribution and rationing of petroleum products during the war. 251; "Where all the rocket intelligence is being gathered"; 272

'''Shell Oil''' 
Dutch Shell, 240-41, 251; 1939 agreement with ICI, 250; Shell Mex House, 251; "The representative from Shell Mex House, Mr. Dennis Joint" 272; "frantic about Slothrop's disappearance" 272; "after the [Russian] revolution, when the emissaries from Dutch Shell were asked to leave" 354

'''Shetzline''' 
389; "classic study" of the time-modulation properties of Oneirine

'''Shirley''' 
599; pretty girl driving the Red Cross Clubmobile that is hijacked

'''Short, Coolidge ("Hot")''' 
591; "of the State Street law firm of Salitieri, Poore, Nash, De Brutus, and Short" and a friend of Lyle Bland's

'''Shufflin' Sam''' 
558; "the game of skill where you have to shoot the Negro before he gets back over the fence with the watermelon"

'''Sidney's Great Yellow Grille''' 
65; recalled by Slothrop during Sodium Amytal session

'''Siege Perilous''' 
According to Arthurian legend, the Round Table was reserved for only the most valiant knights, while the Siege Perilous was left waiting for the coming of Galahad, the pure knight who would achieve the quest of the Grail (the vessel from which Christ drank at the Last Supper) and bring the marvels of Arthur's kingdom to a close; "jokers around the table be sneaking Whoopee Cushions into the" 321

'''Siemens-Schuchert''' 
"the horizontal electrical trust of Siemens-Schuchert" 284; "Siemens milliammeters set on slate surfaces" 518; "GE has connections with Siemens over here" 565; "Didn't Närrisch, under the drug, mention a Siemens representative at the S-Gerät meetings in Nordhausen? [...] Didn't Carl Schmitz of the IG sit on Siemens's board of directors?" 565; "Russia bought from Krupp, didn't she, from Siemens, the IG...." 566; "a contract the Bland Institute landed a few years ago and subbed part of out to Siemens over there in Germany" 583; "Fibel worked for Siemens back when it was still part of the Stinnes trust [...] he also put in some time as a Stinnes intelligence agent." 587; "an ingenious Osmo-elektrische Schalterwerke, developed by Siemens" 646; "clever Siemens Electric Baby Bulb Pacifiers" 647;"bright here as the morning shift at Siemens with the centaurs struggling high on the wall" 725; See also Siemens, Wernher; Stinnes; [[Sasuly's ''IG Farben'']]; Siemens AG Homepage!

'''Siemens, Wernher (d. 1892)''' 
649; German electrical engineer; one of the discoverers of the self-acting dynamo; See also Siemens-Schuchert

'''Siggi''' 
157; old friend of Leni's, known as "the Troll"

'''Sigmund''' 
457; with Greta Erdmann, 474-78; 480

'''Silberschlag, Frau''' 
165; German: "silver shock or blow"; next door neighbor of Leni and Franz Pökler's who delivers Leni's "last message" to Franz

'''Silvernail, Webley''' 
79; works in ARF wing at White Visitation; audiovisual guy; shows Katje film to Grigori, 113; in rat production number, 229; named "Twelfth House" 274; 533; 620

'''Simpson, Mrs. Bessie Wallis Warfield Spencer (1896-1986)''' 
177; An American who married Prince Edward, Duke of Windsor, formerly King Edward VIII. Edward abdicated the throne in order to marry this twice-divorced commoner.

'''Skinner, Burrhus Frederic (1904-1990)''' 
American psychologist and a persistent proponent of Behaviorism, expanding on the ideas of John Watson who advocated the study of behavior as the only way to provide psychology with a scientific basis. Skinner died of leukemia on August 18, 1990; 77

[[image:skippy.gif|106px|left]]'''Skippy''' 
644-45; and Mr. Information; [[Skippy|Etymological Musings]]; [http://www.skippy.com/ Skippy's Home Page]

'''Slothrop, Broderick''' 
285; Tyrone's father; aka "Schwarzvater" (Jamf), 286; Tyrone's dream about, 392; sold experimental rights to Tyrone to Jamf for $5000 for Harvard education, 444; hated FDR, 373; Paternal Peril "a murderin' fool" 674; 677; 682

'''Slothrop, Constant (d. 1766)''' 
26; ancestor of Tyrone; tombstone depicts Hand of God coming out of a cloud

'''Slothrop, Mrs. Elizabeth''' 
27; wife of Isaiah

'''Slothrop, Frederick (d. 1933)''' 
27; Tyrone's grandfather

'''Slothrop, Hogan''' 
29; Tyrone's brother; his Hawaiian shirt, 184, 201; 266; 304; "in love with Chiquita Banana" 678; 682; 744

'''Slothrop, Hogan Jr.''' 
744; son of Hogan Slothrop; [From Pynchon's short story "The Secret Integration" in Slow Learner:"the doctor's kid, who at the age of eight had taken to serious after-bedtime beer-drinking and at the age of nine got religion, swore off beer and joined the Alcoholics Anonymous, a step his father, who was what is know as permissive, gave his blessing" (p.151)]

'''Slothrop, Lt. Isaiah (d. 1812)''' 
27; ancestor of Tyrone

'''Slothrop, John''' 
555; son of William Slothrop, who helped his dad get the "pig operation" going

'''Slothrop, Nalline''' 
18; Tyrone's mother; 116; 360; "always happy to see young people getting together" 499; 674; letter to Joe Kennedy, 682-83; 712

'''SLOTHROP, Lt. Tyrone''' 
[[Tyrone Slothrop|Etymological Musings]]; See also Slothrop's girls/stars;

[[Slothrop's Tarot|'''SLOTHROP'S TAROT''']]

'''Slothrop's girls/stars''' 
Delores, 19; Alice, 19; Gladys, 19; Lorraine and Judy, 19; Darlene, 19, 271; Katherine, 19; Shirley, 19; "a couple of Sallys" 19; "Carolines, Marias, Annes, Susans, Elizabeths" 19; "Gloria and her nubile mother" 19; Marjorie, 22, 25, 744; Norma, 22, 25; Allison, 23; Irene, 23; Jennifer, 23, 271; Cynthia, 26; "'What about the girls??'" 91; Madelyn, 252; Jenny's ghost, 255-56; Angela, 271; Lucy, 271; Jenny, Sally W., Cybele, Catherine, Gretchen, 271

'''Slothrop, Variable''' 
27; son of Constant

'''Slothrop, William''' 
21; Tyrone's first American ancestor; 27; 364; came to US in 1630 on Arabella, 554; On Preterition - published in England, burned in Boston, 555 [http://www.hyperarts.com/pynchon/bookstore.html Available in the HyperArts BookShop - Really! sort of...]; returned to England and died there missing USA, 556; his hymn, 760; [[William Slothrop|The "Real" William Slothrop/Pynchon]]

'''Slug''' 
229; rat who got "fried" the first time he fucked up running the maze

'''Smaragd, Generaldirektor''' 
164-66; (German: "Emerald"); Nazi with IG Farben; "from Leverkusen. An elderly man who used a cane, a notorious spiritualist before the War" 486

'''smegma''' 
"layers, over a base of bureaucratic smegma" 18; "Tchitcherine has found it necessary to abandon his smegma-gathering stake-out on the Argentine anarchists" 700;

'''Smile, Murray''' 
255; appears in Slothrop's dream as "next to you in basic, company 84"; Etymology: Murray Wilson was Brian Wilson's father; Tom hung out with Brian during the legendary "Smile" Period [[Pynchon and Brian Wilson]]

'''Smithfield Market''' 
Famous meat market in the old City of London. During the Reformation and the Counter-Reformation it was used as a place of execution; where Lucifer Amp "makes a spectacle of himself" every day, 542

'''Smith, Klein, 'n' French''' 
518; "Enzian, Andreas, and Christian, coming on like"

'''Smith, Sir Denis Nayland''' 
See Sir Denis Nayland-Smith

'''Snade, Mrs.''' 
169; "wrote in to the Times from Luton Hoo, Bedfrdshire" regarding Gwenhidwy's singing voice

'''Snake''' 
342-43; Tchitcherine's horse (methodically homicidal; unpredictable); Gretel's (Greta Erdmann's) co-star in Weisse Sandwuste von Neumexiko, 482

'''Snipe and Shaft''' 
9; Slothrop's and Tantivy's watering hole; 19; 21

'''Snodd, Mrs.''' 
744; in Mingeborough, MA

'''snowdrops''' 
247; Slang for GI military police in WWII; 601

'''Snoxall's''' 
32; place where seances are held; 33; 37; 238

'''Sodium Amytal''' 
61; truth serum; used on Slothrop; induces "toilet"/Kenosha Kid episode; used on von Göll, 511-14; 746

<div id="soe"></div>'''S.O.E.''' 
5; Special Operations Executive; aka the "Firm" 12; 32; Pirate "browned-off with" 270; "no one has ever left the Firm alive" 543; 620; [About]

<div id="solange"></div>'''Solange''' 
603; German: "as long as" "while" [[Q#quoad|compare etymologies with Mrs. Quoad]]; "masseuse" at Putzi's See also [[P#pokler-l|Pökler, Leni]]

'''Somerset Club''' 
28; exclusive club "no Slothrop ever made it into"

'''''Son of Frankenstein''''' 
106; The third film in Universal Studios' ''Frankenstein'' series and the last to feature Boris Karloff as the Monster as well as the first to feature Bela Lugosi as Ygor.

[[Songs/Compositions|'''SONGS/COMPOSITIONS''']]

'''Sooty''' 
174; Jessica's cat; 177

'''Sound-Shadow''' 
"the silences here are retreats of sound [...] sound draining away, down slopes of acoustic passage, to gather, someplace else, to a great surge of noise" 336-37; "a very shallow pocket of no-sound, [...] sound-energy from Outside is shut off. The roaring of the sun stops. [...] the arousing feather-point of the Sound-Shadow has touched you, enveloping you in sun-silence" 695; "this subversive use of sudden fff quieting to ppp. It's the touch of the wandering sound-shadow, the Brennschluss of the Sun." 711

'''sour stuff''' 
240; oxygen; the German word for oxygen is "Sauerstoff"

[[Spanish Translations|'''SPANISH TRANSLATIONS''']]

'''Spaniols''' 
549; Spaniards

'''Sparks''' 
732; aka Ozohande, with Enzian

'''Sparte IV''' 
630; "Slothrop surveillance being assigned to a newly created 'Sparte IV' under Vermittlungsstelle W"

'''Spectro, Dr. Kevin''' 
46; "neurologist and casual Pavlovian" at St. Veronica's; "one of the original seven owners of The Book" 47; killed in a V-2 hit on St. Veronica's, 138; 139; 140; 167

'''Speed, Harvey''' 
270; SEZ WHO Englishman hired by Pointsman to check out Slothrop's sexual conquests; See also Perdoo, Floyd; SEZ WHO

'''Speer, Albert (d. 1981)''' 
298; Architect for the Third Reich; "in charge of the New German Architecture then, and later he went on to become Minister of Munitions, and nominal chief customer for the A4"; "Albert Speer Touch" 298; Ölsch designing Nordhausen factory, 411; and Toiletship, 448; "alabaster open-air stadium with giant cement birds" 687

'''SPOG''' 
272; Special Projectiles Operations Group of which Operation Backfire is a part; 277; 391; 595; 601

'''Spontoon, Doctor''' 
591; with Dr. Muffage, out to castrate Slothrop; has a black spade on his cheek

<div id="sporri"></div>'''Spörri''' 
455; aerodynamics person on S-Gerät project; ignores Khlaetsch's cries for help, 684; [[Spörri|Etymological Musings]]

'''Spottbilligfilm AG''' 
163; German: "spottbillig" = "dirt cheap"; subsidiary of IG Farben "whose entire management are about to be purged for sending to OKW weapons procurement a design proposal for a new airborne ray which could turn whole populations [...] blind"; "from whom von Göll used to get cut rates on most of his film stock" 387;

'''SPQR''' 
135; Latin: senatus populusque Romanus = the senate and the people of Rome; also acronym for small profits, quick returns

'''S.P.R.''' 
153; Society for Psychical Research; 633;

'''Spree-Oder Canal''' 
433; in the Russian sector of Berlin, where Slothrop & Margherita stay; 457 [MAP]

<div id="springer"></div>'''Springer, Der''' 
376; German: "chess knight"; aka von Göll; the "Knight who leaps perpetually across the chessboard of the Zone"; white plastic chess knight (his symbol), 436; "white knight of the black market" 492; described, 494; aka Herr Gemütlich ("good-natured"), 496; on Sodium Amytal, 512, 514, 746; See also Göll, Gerhardt von; [[Der Springer|Etymological Musings...]]

'''Sprudelhof''' 
458; German: "Spring or Well" + "Yard" or "Palace"; main drag of Bad Karma on the Spree-Oder Canal; 476

'''Sprue, Amy''' 
329-30; Tyrone's ancestor who was a "genuine Salem Witch"

'''Squalidozzi, Francisco''' 
263; Argentine exile, paranoid about Peronists; hijacked German U-Boat in Mar de Plata; his group (incl. Graciela Portales) seeking political exile in Germany after the War; want open spaces--no fences; meets von Göll in abandoned harmonica factory, 384; "Old Squalidozzi, ploughman of the deep" 447; 613; being sought by Slothrop, 681

'''ss''' 
second sheep, 3, 555; sour smell, 3, 171; "cast-iron pulleys whose spokes are shaped like Ss" 4; saddleback sows, 5; split second 7, 199; sour stomach, 17; Selena. Selena., 30; speedy stalk, 35; 3-sigma, 40, 523, 635, 709; systematic stealth, 42; soft smell, 43, 754; separate straws, 43; stray shadow, 49; silverblue stalks, 54; silver string, 59; silver seeds, 63; smooth sinewaving, 67; silk stockings, 74, 211, 395, 410, 629; shadowy smells, 78; stronger stimulus, 79; structured stimulus, 82; spilled sand, 91; simple sorrow, 98; sugar-smears, 99; soft-wood smells, 106; snow-skin, 107; slate shadows, 108; southern stars, 109; steel snake, 109; smoky spires, 111; starving spring, 111; soap-heavy smell, 112; sunlit shops, 119; spiral stairways, 122; sour salt, 124; spider-statistician, 124; sound stimuli, 125; soap spots, 125; small stitches, 126; snow-sky, 128; steam smells, 132; seasonal swell, 132; semi-detached Sunday, 132; shiny suits, 133; snowy soot, 138; sheet steel, 139; "sibilant weave" 152; single subculture, 153; swampy suburbs, 160; Sunday strolls, 162; squeak-stockinged slavegirl, 168; slime stone, 169; scratched silver, 186; shaking Slothrop, 187; Slothrop staggering, 187; sudden shrewdness, 188; silent sea, 195; "S'd against the S of himself" 198; social sense, 206; "Old Norse rune for S" 206; study sessions, 211; slack-jawed subalterns, 212; sensitive son, 215; simultaneous stimuli, 226; ssörrender, 230; starch shirt, 232; star shell, 233; sovereign smell, 235, 736; Slothropian space, 238; sad story, 238, 285, 445, 667; self-sufficiency, 240; sour stuff (oxygen), 240; Esso, 240; stiff shirts, 243; secret service, 244; sea-steps, 245; 454: setting sun, 253, 454; striped socks, 254, saddle stitching, 254; sun-black skiers, 258; somber street, 259; senseless screaming, 263; spy-sign, 263; south sea, 266; stumbling surrender, 271; sexual sigh, 272; Slothropian stars, 272; salt sea, 273; stainless steel, 274; suspicious stare, 274; spy system, 286; sad surprise, 289; tunnels, 299; double-integral sign, 300-01; "Summe, Summe" 300; static space, 301; "Double integral is also the shape of lovers curled asleep" 302; scorched skullcap, 304; silk spill, 314; shadow states, 315; scientific speculating, 317; simple steel, 324; shining steel, 325; scarlet silk, 332; Soviet state, 349; sea story, 351; secret spaces, 354; scientist-surrogate, 361; staring sun, 372; smiling sentry, 378; suspended storm, 378; stenciled signs, 380; S-curve, 380; steel spaces, 384; sea-squirm, 389; subjective sense, 389; silver sponge, 389; soup-stock, 389; sentimental side-trip, 393; social spectrum, 402; stormy shore, 409; double-summing, 411; second shadow, 424; string shadows, 436; southern slop, 442; spring-suspension, 446; sound stages, 446; stud service, 446; S-curved spokes, 450; sailors' superstitions, 450; Scatotechnic Snipes, 451; sun suits, 453; star streaks, 457; suspender straps, 466; satin straps, 469; summer spook, 472; silver stork, 486; salty snot, 492; smooth stones, 494; sweet smile, 496; sleepy summer, 505; steel smile, 512; serpentine slagheap, 520; silver stars, 530; slippery satin, 531; Sickly Smile, 534; single set, 556; smalltown space, 556; Special Services, 558, 700; Shufflin' Sam, 558; surveying stakes, 560; starch-colored sky, 564; "curving through the ogival opening" 573; silver streak, 583, 586; spherical soul, 583; State Street, 589, 591; "Yess, yess" 590; straw stomach, 596; soapy sponge, 603; "silver straw" 613; streamlined spires, 624; Slothrop surveillance, 630; ssem, 633; saffron spindles, 634; summer stillness, 639; sudden surprises, 643; sailor suits, 657; "screen-door salesman" 665; "the invisible SS" 666; straw space, 669; saucy sideways smile, 670; subdeb secretaries, 674; submarine skipper, 674; Sniveling Slothrop, 679; spirited salt, 684; Scatterbrained Suicidekicks, 691; Semlower Strasse, 692; Sound Shadow, 695, 711; Sentimental Surrealist, 696; suitable stimuli, 699; sandy streets, 700; sister ships, 715; snot soup (unter anderem), 715; still strata, 720; striving subcreation, 720; Subsequent Sin, 722; 729: silk scarf, 729; Spaceman Smile, 732; See also chess; Rossini

'''Stage Door Canteen''' 
134; During World War II, the American Theatre Wing ran New York's Stage Door Canteen for the benefit of soldiers on leave. It was frequented by many stars, some of whom graciously performed menial tasks, while others entertained the crowd. Dozens of those celebrities appear as themselves in this lavish musical about romances that blossom between canteen employees and soldiers. The film ''The Stage Door Canteen'' (1943), starring Katharine Hepburn, is set there.

<div id="stalin">'''Stalin, Joseph (1879-1953)'''</div>
Born Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili in Gori, Georgia; Stalin was expelled from the Tiflis Theological Seminary for being a Marxist. He joined the Bolsheviks and was arrested and sent to Siberia from whence he escaped in 1904. From being general secretary to the Central Committee under Lenin in 1922, he became Soviet leader in 1924 upon Lenin's death. He was a brutal dictator whose purges resulted in the deaths of millions as well as the suppression of artistic expression in Russia; "during the Stalin days, Tchitcherine was stationed in a remote 'bear's corner'" 338; "conspiracy to hit Stalin in the face with a grape chiffon pie" 353; "big chromo of" in Berlin, [[M#mustache|mustache]] 368; 373; "Even Stalin's had [doubts]" 703

'''Statue of Liberty''' 
The colossal statue on Liberty Island in the Upper Bay of New York Harbour, U.S., was a gift from France commemorating the friendship of the peoples of the U.S. and France. The statue, designed by French sculptor Frederic Auguste Barthold, is constructed of copper sheets which are assembled on a framework of steel supports designed by Eugene-Emmanuel Viollet-le-Duc and Alexandre-Gustave Eiffel. For transit to America, the figure was disassembled into 350 pieces and packed in 214 crates. Four months later, it was reassembled on Bedloe's Island (renamed Liberty Island in 1956). It was dedicated by President Cleveland on October 28,1886; 637

'''Sterling, Alan''' 
277; fiancé of Fleurette who was raised from birth to carry on the monstrous line of the emperor of the underworld, [[F#fumanchu|Fu Manchu]]; Alan Sterling, young orchid-hunter, first saw her on the little French beach and knew that he had never seen anyone more beautiful; he's also portrayed as the love-suffering young man receiving eloquent advice from Sir Denis Nayland-Smith.

'''Stettin''' 
or Szczecin in Polish; a Baltic seaport, ceded by German to Poland following WWII; 293; 408; 418;

'''Steve''' 
449: Charles' "colleague" on the Toiletship

'''Stickstoff Syndikat''' 
580; Jamf "getting Weimar to subsidize the IG's";

'''Stick, Joaquin''' 
9; at Pirate's maisonette

'''Stiletto May''' 
129; character conjured by the presence of the black man in choir at the Advent service attended by Roger and Jessica

'''Stinnes, Hugo (1870-1924)''' 
A German industrialist and politician; 284; "Bland either saw the Stinnes crash coming before most of its other victims, or was just naturally nervous. Early in '23 he began to sell off his interests in the Stinnes operations." 285-86; "'Schwindel' was [Jamf's] code name for Hugo Stinnes." 286; "Stinnes, like every industrial emperor, had his own company spy system." 286; "You were meant to think of Hugo Stinnes, the tireless operator behind the scenes of apparent Inflation, apparent history: gambler, financial wizard, archgangster...a fussy bürgerlich mouth, jowls, graceless moves, a first impression of comic technocracy" 579; "Fibel worked for Siemens back when it was still part of the Stinnes trust." 587; [[Sasuly's IG Farben]]

'''Stodda''' 
406; "treatise on steam turbines" studied by Pökler at Peenemünde in '38

[[Stones|'''STONES''']]

'''Stonybloke, Will''' 
65; friend of Slothrop's who appears in toilet adventure

'''Sträggeli''' 
258; listed under "Espionage, Industrial" on the list of Zürich cafés, where Slothrop meets Mario Schweitar; 268;

'''Stralsund''' 
532; "Semlower Strasse in" 692;

'''streets''' 
692; "Semlower Strasse in Stralsund"; "Hafenstrasse in Greifswald"; "Slüterstrasse in the old part of Rostock"; "Wandfärberstrasse in Lüneburg";

'''Stresemann, Gustav (1878-1929)''' 
452; German statesman who entered the Reichtag in 1907, rose to prominance leading the National Liberal Party and eventually, for a few months in 1923, was chancellor of the new German (Weimar) Republic. He won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1926; "'They pray not only for their daily bread [he said] but also for their daily illusion'"

'''Strobe''' 
89; "Strobe's stimulus" appeared in early Viking editions of Gravity's Rainbow, but was quickly changed to "Jamf's stimulus"; apparently "Strobe" was an early working name for "Jamf"

'''Stuggles, Constable''' 
73; tried to stop LeFroyd from jumping off cliff; 74

'''Südwest''' 
99; German colony from 1892 until1915 when it was taken by South African forces during WWI. It was made a Protectorate of South-West Africa under the League of Nations; now called Namibia, it was under South African control until 1990 when it gained its independence. [MORE]; [MAP]

'''Sue, Eugene (1804-57)''' 
13; "a Eugene Sue melodrama"

:Parisian journalist, called the "king of the popular novel," one of the most widely read writers of melodramatic fiction in the 19th-century France. Sue was sponsored by Prince Eugène de Beauharnais and the empress Joséphine; he used the prince's name to form his famous pen name. Sue gained fame through the roman-feuilleton, the serial novel which gained its height in the French periodical press in the 1840's. Sue's republican and socialist views are reflected in his best-known novels, Les Mystères de Paris (1842-43), set in the Paris slums, and Le Juif errant (1844-45), published in installments for Le Constitutionnel in 1842-1843. ''' 
The above is from this [http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/esue.htm excellent online biography].

'''Suggenthal''' 
269;

'''Sundial''' 
472; cartoon character

'''surface''' 
"she fears the Change, choosing instead only trivially to revise what matters least, ornament and clothing, going no further than politic transvestism" 97; "lust in the face--the mask--of instant talion" 100; "house is outward-and-visible sign" 448;

'''sus. per coll. crowd''' 
329; In the English practice, a calendar is made out of attainted criminals, and the judge signs the calendar with their separate judgments in the margin. In the case of a capital felony. it is written opposite the prisoner's name, "let him be hanged by the neck," which, when the proceedings were in Latin, was, "suspendatur per collum," or, in the abbreviated form, "sus' per coll'."

'''Suso, Heinrich (1295-1336)''' 
129; German mystic and preacher. His composition In Dulci Jubilo is a German/Latin macaronic carol (Pynchon (mis)spells it "macronic" and (mis)dates it as "fifteenth century"); the first verse (of four), quoted in GR, can be translated as follows:

:In dulci jubilo (In sweet Joy) 
:Sing and shout all below! 
:He for whom we're pining 
:Lies in praesepio (In a manger) 
:Like the sun is shining 
:Matris in gremio. (In His mothers lap.) 
:Qui est A et O. (Who is Alpha and Omega.) 
:In Dulci Jubilo Web Page

'''Suvorov''' 
350; Rozhdestvenski's flagship on which Tchitcherine's father was a gunner

'''Swanlake, Jessica''' 
30; "young rosy girl in the uniform of an ATS private" who has wartime affair with Roger Mexico; at Snoxall's seance, 30-34; meets Mexico, 38-39; Fay Wray look, 57; girlfriend of Jeremy "Old Beaver" 121; 627; "Her future is with the World's own" 629; working for Pointsman, 631; 640; hardened toward Mexico, 708-09

<div id="nancy"></div>'''Swanlake, Nancy''' 
174-77; Jessica's sister; late husband was Keith; kids: Penelope (also p.277), Claire, Elizabeth

'''Swinemünde''' 
459: a town in NW Poland, on the island of Usedom, at the mouth of the Swina River. It is the outer port for Szczecin (Polish name for "Stettin") and a fishing center and seaside resort. First mention of the town dates from 1181. During World War II, the town was a German naval base.

'''Swope, Gerard (1872-1957)''' 
Swope, president of the General Electric Company (1922-39; 1942-44) in the United States, greatly expanded GE's line of consumer products and pioneered profit-sharing and other benefits programs for its employees. After his retirement from GE in 1939, he chaired the New York City Housing Authority until 1942; "was ace buddies with old FDR [...] one-thim Brain Trusters" 565; "Business Advisory Council set up under Swope of General Electric, whose ideas on matters of 'control' ran close to those of Walter Rathenau, of German GE" 581;

'''Sztup, Mme.''' 
463; Yiddish: "poke" or "fuck"; passenger on the Anubis

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